成人急性髓系白血病的免疫学特点及预后

目的：探讨急性髓细胞白血病（AML）的免疫表型特点。方法：使用淋系和髓系单抗,用间接免疫荧光法对70例原发性AML进行免疫表型分析。结果：所有AML患者的细胞至少被1种髓系单抗标记,各髓系抗原的表达率依次为CD33＞CD13＞CD15。所有M3患者CD9为阳性。16／70例（30％）表达CD34抗原、CD34^ AML组在年龄、外周血象及骨髓原始、幼稚细胞比例等方面与CD34^-组相比较无显著差别,但表达CD34抗原的AML常伴有HLA－DR、CD38、CD7等不成熟细胞表面标记的表达,而较成熟的髓系细胞表面标记CD15则不表达。70例AML中有16例表达淋系抗原,CD4^ 例（13．8％,M2为8．8％,M460％）;CD7^ 9例（16．9％,M1为50％,M218％,M5b16．7％）。CD4^ 的AML患者CD34为低表达,CD33表达。结论：CD9^ 、CD34^-、HLA－DR^-及CD13^ 、CD15^ 是典型M3的免疫表型特点。CD34^ AMLgn AML-M1有着密切的关系,且对化疗反应较差,证明CD34^ 的AML是一组分化程度较差的类型;提示CD7^ 和CD4^ 的AML预后差,CD7^ 的AML的一种独特类型。     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

目的 探讨成年人急性髓系白血病(AML)三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点.方法 采用CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法 对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析.结果 髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4%、70.2%和90.4%;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5%和61.7%.约34.2%AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6%和2.3%.结论 流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义.     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

目的 探讨成年人急性髓系白血病(AML)三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点.方法 采用CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法 对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析.结果 髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4%、70.2%和90.4%;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5%和61.7%.约34.2%AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6%和2.3%.结论 流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义.     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

目的 探讨成年人急性髓系白血病(AML)三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点.方法 采用CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法 对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析.结果 髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4%、70.2%和90.4%;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5%和61.7%.约34.2%AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6%和2.3%.结论 流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义.     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

 目的　探讨成年人急性髓系白血病（AML）三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点。方法　采用CD45／SSC双参数散点图设门方法对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析。结果　髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4 %、70.2 %和90.4 %;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5 %和61.7 %。约34.2 %AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6 %和2.3 %。结论　流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义。     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

目的 探讨成年人急性髓系白血病(AML)三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点.方法 采用CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法 对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析.结果 髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4%、70.2%和90.4%;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5%和61.7%.约34.2%AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6%和2.3%.结论 流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义.     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

目的 探讨成年人急性髓系白血病(AML)三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点.方法 采用CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法 对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析.结果 髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4%、70.2%和90.4%;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5%和61.7%.约34.2%AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6%和2.3%.结论 流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义.     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

目的 探讨成年人急性髓系白血病(AML)三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点.方法 采用CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法 对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析.结果 髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4%、70.2%和90.4%;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5%和61.7%.约34.2%AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6%和2.3%.结论 流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义.     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

目的 探讨成年人急性髓系白血病(AML)三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点.方法 采用CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法 对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析.结果 髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4%、70.2%和90.4%;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5%和61.7%.约34.2%AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6%和2.3%.结论 流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义.     

多参数流式细胞术在成年人急性髓系白血病免疫分型中的应用

目的 探讨成年人急性髓系白血病(AML)三色流式细胞术免疫分型的特点.方法 采用CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法 对126例成年AML患者进行三色流式细胞术免疫分型分析.结果 髓系抗原CD13、CD33和CD117在AML各亚型中均有很高的表达,阳性率分别为86.4%、70.2%和90.4%;CD34及HLA-DR表达偏低,分别为63.5%和61.7%.约34.2%AML患者伴有淋系抗原表达,AML淋系抗原CD7和CD19表达率分别为23.6%和2.3%.结论 流式细胞术免疫分型对AML的诊断及预后判断具有重要的意义.     

139例急性髓系白血病免疫分型特点分析

目的探讨急性髓性白血病（AML）的免疫分型特点及意义。方法采用单克隆抗体和流式细胞仪检测AML的免疫表型。结果（1）139例AML病例中各种抗原的阳性表达率依次为为MPO（92.1%）,CD33（92.1%）,CD13(89.2%),其中53例AML伴淋巴系抗原表达,分别为CD19(20.9%),CD7(16.2%),CD2(7.2%),CD10(0.72%)。(2)CD14在M4、M5型AML中高表达。(3)干祖细胞分化抗原表达率依次为CD117（83.8%）〉HLA DR(80.3%)>CD34(67.6%),CD34阳性的完全缓解率（CR）分别明显低于CD34阴性组（P=0.034）。（4）CD7阳性患者CR明显低于其抗原表达阴性者（P=0.041）。结论白血病免疫分型能确诊某些特殊类型的白血病,对免疫分型的研究将有助于指导临床诊断、治疗及判断预后。     

儿童急性髓系白血病免疫表型特点分析

目的:分析儿童急性髓系白血病(AML)免疫表型特征,探讨其临床意义.方法:采用四色流式细胞术CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门方法,对127例儿童AML患者幼稚细胞进行免疫表型检测,对抗原表达情况进行分析.结果:在127例儿童急性髓系白血病患者中,髓系特异性抗原CD33、CD13和CD117的表达最常见,分别达95.3%、90.6%、90.6%.造血干/祖细胞抗原CD34、HLA-DR、CD38阳性率分别达53.5%、71.6%和97.6%.有65.4%的病例伴有淋系抗原的表达,其中以CD56的表达最常见占38.6%,其次为CD7占21.3%.有淋系抗原表达(LymAg+)患者早期抗原CD34和HLA-DR抗原表达阳性率明显高于无淋系抗原表达(LymAg-)患者(P<0.05).结论:免疫分型对儿童AML的诊断和不同亚型鉴别具有重要意义.     

Differentiation of leukemic cells induced by short-course high-dose methylprednisolone in children with different subtypes of acute myeloblastic leukemia.

Differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells to mature granulocytes by high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP, 20-30 mg/kg/day) with a favorable antileukemic effect has previously been demonstrated in children with acute promyelocytic leukemia and acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) M4. In the present study, three children with other morphological subtypes of AML (two AML M1, one AML M2) were given methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg/day) orally in a single dose. After a short-course (3 or 7 days) of HDMP treatment alone, a striking decrease in blast cells associated with an increase in maturing and abnormally nucleated polymorphonuclear-like cells some containing Auer rods were detected in all patients in peripheral blood or bone marrow smears. During HDMP treatment, in parallel to morphological improvements, marked increases in the percentage of cells expressing granulocytic antigen (CD15) were observed. The increase of CD15 expression on myeloid cells, together with the steady expression of CD34 and CD117 antigens in Casel(AML M1) , is suggestive of aberrant CD34 + CD117 + CD15 + cells, which may indicate the leukemic origin of the maturing myeloid cells. These results suggest that HDMP treatment may induce differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells in some children with different morphological subtypes of AML, and that the differentiation-inducing effect of HDMP should be explored in other malignant diseases.     

CD34/CD117 positivity in assessment of prognosis in children with myelodysplastic syndrome

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of clonal stem cell disorders that are characterized by morphology identifying dysplastic changes in one or more cell lineages, peripheral blood cytopenias and a propensity to evolve into secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML). CD34 is commonly expressed in all types of childhood leukemias, whereas CD117 is a reliable and specific marker to detect leukemia cells committed to myeloid lineage. Co-expression of CD34/CD117 may strongly suggest the diagnosis of AML (Rytting ME. Pediatric myelodysplastic syndromes. Curr hematol Rep 2004;3(3):173-7. May; U?kan D, Hi?s?nmez G, Yetgin S, Gürgey A, Cetin M, Karaa?ao?lu E, et al. CD34/CD117 co-expression in childhood acute leukemia. Leukemia Res 2000;24:201-6.). We describe the case of a 22 month-old-girl with MDS and Down syndrome who was presented with severe anemia and thrombocytosis at diagnosis, transformed into AML-M7. In our patient, CD34 and CD117 markers were positive on the blast cells of the BM 6 months before the chemotherapy decision. As the disease progressed, CD34/117 co-existence was increased and MDS transformed into AML. As a result, an increase in CD34 and CD117 positivity of the BM blast cells may be associated with a higher risk of leukemic transformation.     

急性髓细胞性白血病细胞表面CD分子表达及临床意义研究

目的 探讨急性髓细胞性白血病(AML)细胞表面CD分子的表达情况.方法 采用CD45分子作为靶目标抗原,应用多参数流式细胞术检测300例AML患者细胞表面的CD分子,分析患者的免疫表型.结果以表达百分比﹥20%作为阳性,300例AML患者的CD抗原表达均不相同,cyt-MPO、CD33、CD117和CD38表达最强,为强阳性(80%~100%).以CD抗原表达>60%为阳性,结果显示:CD33、CD117、CD13、cyt-MPO四种抗原阳性表达的患者,阳性细胞所占的比例高于其他抗原,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).CD15/CD64、CD15/CD33和CD33/CD64抗原的阳性表达比较,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);CD33/cyt-MPO抗原的阳性表达比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05).结论 AML细胞表面的CD抗原表达具有差异性,CD13、cyt-MPO、CD33、CD117呈高表达.CD分子在AML细胞中阳性表达的差异性可为治疗提供有价值的线索.     

Classification of acute myeloid leukemias--a comparison of FAB and immunophenotyping

A large number of monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) directed against components on myeloid (granulocytic/monocytic) cells have been generated. Individual McAbs were identified which are selectively reactive with antigenic determinants expressed by myeloid cells at specific stages of differentiation in a lineage-restricted fashion. The composite phenotype obtained by a combination of antimyeloid McAbs allows for a precise definition of the normal or malignant cell type under investigation. Cell binding studies on normal and leukemic cells and the biochemical characterization of the antigens provided the basis for a grouping of those antimyeloid McAbs into clusters of differentiation (CD). The reactivity patterns of CD11, CD13, CD14, CD15, and CD33 McAbs and the characteristics of the respective antigens are reviewed. These CD McAbs distinguish leukemic cells of myeloid from those of lymphoid origin. The monocytic nature of AML cells can be recognized by CD14 McAbs, whereas the other CD McAbs react with both monocytic and nonmonocytic types of acute myeloid leukemia. The expression of these differentiation antigens is not concordant with the morphological-cytochemical French-American-British (FAB) classification of leukemia; nevertheless, tendencies for agreement are apparent. If used in combination, FAB typing and immunophenotyping could provide complementary information. Their potential use for mapping of myeloid differentiation and for cell type recognition in leukemia phenotyping demonstrates the utility of antimyeloid CD McAbs for biological or clinical investigations. The diagnostic value of antimyeloid McAbs is enhanced if the reagents are included in a panel of McAbs standardized for routine immunophenotyping.     

CD34 and CD117 are overexpressed in AML and may be valuable to detect minimal residual disease

We estimated by quantitative flow cytometry (FC) the expression of CD13, CD33, CD34 and CD117 antigens in cells from 64 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and 22 normal bone marrows (BMs). The method converts fluorescence intensity into number of antigen molecules per cell, measured by antibody binding capacity (ABC). The number of molecules per cell in normal BM was 9.5+/-5.7 for CD13, 7+/-2.3 for CD33, 6+/-0.7 for CD34, and 6.3+/-1.5x10(3) for CD117. AML blasts expressed 11.4+/-12.4 molecules per cell for CD13, 9.5+/-9.7 for CD33, 74+/-2328.5 for CD34 and 12.5+/-33 x 10(3) for CD117. The number of CD34 and CD117 molecules were significantly higher in AML than in normals (P<0.0001 and P<0.05, respectively) while only in a few cases, CD13 and CD33 were abnormally expressed in myeloblasts.Our results indicate that quantitative analysis of CD34 and CD117 may be useful to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) and could be tested in a future to monitor therapy in AML.     

急性髓系白血病细胞表面同时表现淋系抗原的临床及免疫学分析

目的 探讨淋系抗原在急性髓系白血病细胞上的表达及意义。方法 采用间接免疫荧光法检测182例急性髓系白血病细胞的免疫表型。根据FAB亚型和免疫标志将病例分为2组：伴淋系相关抗原的急性髓细胞性白血病(Ly^ AML),不伴淋系相关抗原的急性髓细胞性白血病(Ly^-AML)。结果 182例AML中有64例表达淋系抗原(33％), CD7^ 在AML中表达率为54．7％,M0中阳性率最高100％,M1次之78％。Ly^ AML组的白细胞、血小板数高于Ly^-AML,有显著性差异。Ly^ AML,组与Ly^-AML组的诱导缓解率及临床特征无显著性差异。Ly^ AML组和Ly^-AML组比较,平均缓解期较短。结论 CD7^ AML与AML-M0、M1有着密切的关系。可以看作是一个独特的临床亚型。Ly^ AML较之Ly^-AML,具有不同的临床特征和短CR期。Ly^ AML的出现可以作为危险因子中的一个因子来选择更合适的化疗也许是必要的。     

双克隆型多发性骨髓瘤五例

 目的　研究双克隆型多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者的临床特点及治疗。方法　分析该科自1996年1月至2010年6月收治的5例双克隆型MM患者,男性2例,女性3例,年龄59～76岁,中位年龄72岁。其中IgG+IgA型3例,IgM+IgG／A型2例。结果　本组患者中诊断时均为DS分期Ⅲ期,治疗效果为2／4达到部分缓解（PR）,1／4为稳定（SD）,1／4为进展（PD）,无达到完全缓解（CR）的病例。结论　双克隆型MM较为罕见,目前对此型MM的诊断和治疗尚缺乏更深刻的认识,需要更多病例的分析。     

急性髓系及混合型白血病流式细胞术免疫分型检测结果

 目的　研究流式细胞术（FCM）检测在急性髓系白血病（AML）及混合型白血病（MAL）诊断中的意义。方法　采用四色FCM对52例AML和7例MAL患者进行免疫表型检测。结果　52 例AML患者以系列专一表达为主,主要表达 CD13（94.2 %）,CD117（90.4 %）,cMPO（90.4 %）CD33（86.5 %）,CD34（57.7 %）,HLA-DR（53.8 %）。7例MAL中髓系／B系（M／B）混合3例,均表达CD13,CD34,CD117,CD10,CD19,cMPO,cCD79a;髓系／T系（M／T）混合2例,均表达CD13,CD117,CD33,CD34,CD5,CD7,cMPO;B系／T系（B／T）混合2例,均表达CD5,CD7,CD10,CD19,CD20,CD34。且与形态学和组织化学诊断具有高符合率。结论　FCM能够提高AML和MAL的确诊率,对该类白血病的明确诊断及分型具有重要的临床指导意义。