生长期缺锌对大鼠血清元素的影响

目的:研究膳食锌缺乏对生长期大鼠血清各种元素的影响。方法:刚断奶的SD大鼠,按体重相近配伍,随机分为3组,每组8只:缺锌组(ZD),配饲组(PF),对照组(ZA)。缺锌饲料、正常饲料含锌量分别为0.4mg/kg3、0 mg/kg,实验期15 d。用等离子电感耦合质谱仪(ICP—MS)测定大鼠血清元素锌、铁、铜、硒、锰、钴、铬、钙、镁、镉的含量。结果:缺锌组大鼠:血清铁(573.86±201.71μg/L)明显低于配饲组(1372.37±118.69μg/L)和正常组(1463.55±331.66μg/L)(P<0.05);血清锰(12.28±5.33μg/L)明显高于配饲组(4.24±0.73μg/L)和正常组(3.10±1.10μg/L)(P<0.05);血清铜(534.71±113.77μg/L)、硒(262.55±38.57μg/L)、镁(25.26±9.29μg/dl)低于正常组(铜725.91±158.27μg/L,硒465.90±132.18μg/L,镁39.84±14.10μg/dl)(P<0.05),与配饲组无明显差异(铜566.86±134.96μg/L,硒336.71±112.30μg/L,镁29.59±6.99μg/dl)(P>0.05);相比于配饲组与正常组,血清钙有下降趋势,但差异无显著性(P>0.05),血清钴、铬、镉有升高趋势,但差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:膳食锌缺乏影响生长期大鼠体内的微量元素水平。     

晕船对血清钙、磷、镁、铁、铜、锌的影响

目的探讨晕船对血清钙、磷、镁、铁、铜、锌的影响.方法以30名20～22岁男学员为研究对象,用全自动生化分析仪及原子吸收分光光度计测定出航前与晕船发生后的血清钙、磷、镁、铁、铜、锌.结果出航前受试者血清钙、磷、镁、锌、铁的含量依次为(2.17±0.03)、(0.88±0.03)、(0.93±0.01)mmol/L、(10.60±0.33)、(20.48±0.96)μmol/L,航行时,晕船发生后上述血清元素浓度分别为(2.44±0.08)、(1.42±0.05)、(1.13±0.03)mmol/L、(11.98±0.44)、(9.68±0.66)μmol/L,统计学比较差异有显著性;血清铜含量在航行前后分别为(14.29±1.10)和(13.67±0.56)μmol/L,无统计学差异.结论晕船对血清矿物质含量有显著影响,表现为血清钙、磷、镁、锌升高,血清铁下降,血清铜含量变化不显著.     

心脏病患者血清铜、锌、锰、铬、硒含量测定的临床意义

作者应用原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法测定了人血清铜、锌、锰、铬、及全血硒。测定对象分正常对照(40例),冠心病(36例),风湿性心脏瓣膜病(27例),扩张型心肌病(34例)4组。结果表明,正常人平均血铜值1.227±0.213μg/ml,锌1.0±0.149μg/ml,铬8.945±5.464ng/ml,锰12.163±4.21ng/ml,硒0.0625±0.03μg/ml,与文献报道值接近。其余三组心脏病人血铜值(1.448μg/ml,1.740μg/ml、1.746μg/ml)均显著升高(P<<0.001),血锌在冠心病、风心病组降低(P<0.01),铬三组无变化,锰仅在风心病组降低(P<0.01),硒在冠心病组增高(P<0.05),在扩张型心肌病组则显著降低(P<0.0001)。急性心肌梗塞(13例),血铜升高,而锌降低;心衰时血铜显著升高。以上变化对三种心脏病及急性心肌梗塞的诊断与鉴別、判断心脏的功能可能有一定意义。特别是扩张型心肌病呈现出特异性血硒降低,可能是该病的致病因素之一。     

乌鲁木齐市健康成年男子血清中铜、锌、钾、钠、钙、镁含量

对新疆乌鲁木齐市40名正常成年男子血清中铜、锌、钾、钠、钙、镁元素连续进行了四个季度的动态观察。结果:铜为87.3±11.50～99.6±16.90μg％;锌为85.8±29.35～118.3±20.88μg％;钾为3.9±0.31～5.1±0.42mEq/L;钠137.9±9.60～146.2±2.70mEg/L;钙9.2±0.53～10.3±0.88mg％;镁1.9±0.11～2.2±0.14mg％。     

分娩方式对脐血清微量元素的影响

为探讨分娩方式对胎儿微量元素水平的影响，用原子吸收分光光度火焰法测定121例新生儿脐血清中微量元素锌、铜、镁、钙、铁的含量，结果表明；正常产时脐静脉血中锌浓度14．74±3.13μmo1／L，钙228±0.35μmol／L，铁3241±11.49μmol／L．铜9.04±6.24μmol／L，镁0.95±0.14μmol／L．49例剖宫产，脐静脉血锌13.22±3.54μmol／L，钙2.10±0.23μmol／L，铁32．07±12.06μmol／L，铜9．15±6.59μmol／L，镁0.93±0.15μmol/L，6例产钳助产者脐静脉血中锌15.89±3.52μmol／L，钙2.35±0.36μmol／L，铁37.73±11.38μmol／L，铜9．14±3.02μmol／L．镁0.86±0.09μmol／L。剖宫产较正常产低，提示对剖宫产所生的新生儿应加强微量元素的补充。     

矮身材儿童血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁含量分析

[目的]了解儿童血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁对儿童生长发育的影响。[方法]测定生长发育迟缓儿血清中锌、铁、铜、钙、镁的含量并与正常对照组儿童比较分析。[结果]矮小儿童组血清锌、铁、铜、钙、镁为(13．0±3．8)、(15．6± 6．2)、(18．0±4．2)、(2141．3±157．6)、(782．6±77．5)μmol／L,除血清铜与正常对照组无差异外,血清锌、铁、钙、镁均低于正常对照组,差异有非常显著性(P<0．01)。矮小儿童组血清锌、铁、钙低于正常值下限例数的百分率分别为47．1％、 27．5％、39．2％,明显高于对照组,差异也有高度显著性(P<0．01),矮小儿童组血清铜、血清镁低于正常下限的百分率与正常对照组无差异(P>0．05)。[结论]血清锌、铁、钙、镁的含量影响儿童的生长发育,对矮小儿童应该在医生的指导下检测及补充相应的宏量和微量元素。     

儿童多动症与血微量元素水平关系的探讨

目的:探讨儿童多动症(ADHD)和血微量元素铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)水平的关系。方法:用原子吸收分光光度法对60例ADHD患儿及50例对照组进行血Pb、Cd、Zn、Cu、Fe、Ca、Mg水平测定。结果:ADHD患儿血铅水平93±18.01μg/L明显高于对照组50±20.49μg/L(P<0.001),血锌水平62.42±12.80μmol/L明显低于对照组73.23±13.36μmol/L(P<0.001)。结论:ADHD患儿多伴铅过量、锌缺乏,血铅越高,注意缺陷越明显,在诊治时应常规检测并及早纠正。     

接铅男工血液及精液中微量元素分析

对38名铅接触男工和40名对照工人进行了血液、精液中铅、镉、锌、镁、钙、铜等元素测定。铅接触工人的血液和精液中铅含量均明显增高,达2.274和3.209μmol/L,而对照组血液、精液中铅含量分别为1.139和0.798μmol/L,差别有显著性(P<0.01)。接触组血液中镉、镁、钙、铜、锌分别为0.014μmol/L和0.584、1.783、0.011、0.032mmol/L,对照组血液中上述元素的含量分别为0.020μmol/L和0.572、1.906、0.009和0.031mmol/L,两组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。接触组和对照组精液中镉、镁、钙、锌含量亦无显著差异,前者分别为0.004μmol/L和1.666、8.159、4.099mmol/L,后者分别为0.004μmol/L和1.971、7.540、4.038mmol/L。吸烟、饮酒等因素对血液、精液中铅、镉、镁、钙、铜、锌代谢无明显影响。     

佝偻病幼儿的血微量元素分析

为了明确婴幼儿佝偻病和血微量元素锌、铁、铜、钙、镁、铅水平的关系,以2003~2004年就诊的佝偻病婴幼儿120例为研究组,随机选择同一时期进行常规保健的健康婴幼儿100例为对照组,用等离子体原子发射光谱法对两组小儿进行了血锌、铁、铜、钙、镁、铅含量测定。结果表明,佝偻病组血锌(8.32±2.65)μmol/L,与对照组相比差异明显(P<0.05);血铁(9.60±2.45)μmol/L,血铅(0.42±0.14)μmol/L,与对照组相比差异明显(P<0.05)。可见佝偻病婴幼儿钙元素比较无明显差异且多伴有锌、铁缺乏和血铅偏高。     

小儿反复性肺炎与血微量元素关系的临床观察

目的:观察小儿反复性肺炎的发生与血微量元素铅、铜、锌、钙、镁、铁含量的关系。方法:2006年9月~2009年6月北京市密云妇幼保健院收治的反复性肺炎患儿56例为观察组,随机选择同期在北京市密云妇幼保健院门诊健康体检的小儿60例为对照组。分别测定两组患儿血铅、铜、锌、钙、镁、铁含量,并进行统计学比较。结果:56例反复性肺炎患儿血锌含量为(54.92±9.96)μmol/L,血铁含量为(7.29±1.21)μmol/L,对照组血锌含量为(59.94±9.35)μmol/L,血铁含量为(7.83±1.19)μmol/L,观察组较对照组减低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。血铅、铜、钙、镁含量,观察组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:部分小儿反复性肺炎的发生与血微量元素锌、铁缺乏有关。应对反复性肺炎患儿常规行血微量元素检测,对血微量元素缺乏者应予相应补充治疗。     

韭菜35种元素分析结果

笔者分析各种食物数百种，计划在《世界元素医学》的食物中药栏目中陆续奉献给广大读者，每期1-2篇。韭之为菜，可生可熟，可菹可久，乃菜中最有益者。本文报告韭菜、韭菜花、韭菜籽的ICP检验35种元素结果。韭菜富含元素：磷、铬、铜、锂、钴、锰、钡、锶、钛、钒、锌、硼、钾、铁、镁、钙；韭菜花富含元素：磷、铜、锂、镍、锑、锌、锶、钴、钛、钡、锰、铈、镓、镧、铌、钪、钍、硼、钾、铁、镁、钙、铍；韭菜籽富含元素：磷、铜、锂、锰、钡、锶、钛、锌、锆、铈、硼、镁、钙。据此不难看出韭菜具有：主归心，安五脏六腑，除胃中热，利病人，可久食的道理。     

Metal concentrations in human lung tissue,with special reference to age,sex, cause of death,emphysema and contamination of lung tissue

Summary Nine element concentrations in the lung tissues of 2,274 autopsies were determined in Japan by atomic absorption spectrometry. The metals determined were iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, cobalt, nickel, lead, and chromium. The range, mean, standard deviation, mode and median are described for each metal. Moreover, these data were analyzed statistically, based on their sex, age, degree of lung contamination (color and the amount of particle deposition), severity of pulmonary emphysema and cause of death. Iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper and cobalt concentrations in the lung tissue seemed to be affected mostly by physiological variation and the levels in the blood. On the other hand, nickel, lead and chromium concentrations might reflect environmental exposure. Chromium concentration especially increased with age and showed a significantly positive correlation with the degree of contamination and severity of emphysema.     

南京地区正常人和病人血中十一种元素含量的测定

本文报告用原子吸收光谱分析法(AAS),测定南京地区正常人血清中钙、镁、铜、锌、铁、铬、锰、镍、硒及全血中铅、镉元素的含量,经过分组统计处理,探讨了微量元素与性别及年龄的关系,同时通过大量病例测定,探讨了某些疾病与元素含量的关系。     

Biliary and urinary excretion of metals in humans

Fifteen metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, inorganic mercury, organic mercury, iron, manganese, magnesium, chromium, zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, tin, and aluminum) were determined in the hepatic bile and urine collected simultaneously from three Japanese individuals (2 males, 1 female). The presence of these metals was classified as follows: hepatic biliary concentrations were higher than urinary concentrations (lead, arsenic, and iron); urinary concentrations were higher than hepatic biliary concentrations (cadmium, inorganic mercury, tin, cobalt, magnesium, chromium, copper, zinc, and nickel); hepatic biliary concentrations were almost equal to urinary concentrations (manganese and organic mercury); and relationship between hepatic biliary and urinary concentrations changed occasionally (aluminum). Eight essential metals (iron, manganese, magnesium, zinc, chromium, copper, nickel, and cobalt) were detected at considerable concentrations in hepatic bile. Accounting for the daily flow volume of hepatic bile and the reabsorption of these metals, the supplementation of these metals should occur during treatment of diseases accompanied by loss of hepatic bile.     

Non-carcinogenic Health Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment of Selected Metals in Source Freshwater Khanpur Lake,Pakistan

Selected metals (calcium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, potassium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, lead, strontium and zinc) were measured in water samples from a source freshwater Lake. Average levels of cadmium, cobalt, chromium and lead in the waters were significantly higher than the guideline values. Health risk assessment was then carried out to determine health risk via oral route and dermal contact. Hazard quotient (via ingestion) levels of cadmium, cobalt, chromium and lead were higher than unity; suggesting potential adverse effects on local residents. Principal component analysis revealed considerable anthropogenic contributions of the metals in the water reservoir.     

Chemical composition of bottled mineral water

Thirty-seven brands of domestic and imported mineral waters were analyzed for the following: alkalinity, aluminum, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, calcium, chloride, chromium, cobalt, copper, fluoride, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, nitrate, pH, phosphate, potassium, silver, sodium, specific conductance, sulfate, tin, vanadium, and zinc. Of the waters examined in this study, 24 had one or more determinands that were not in compliance with the drinking water standards in the United States.     

不同品牌纯牛奶中12种元素的比例分布

对三种品牌纯牛奶中的钾、钠、镁、钙、锌、铁、铜、锰、镍、铬、镉、铅的含量进行测定分析,比较了不同元素在牛奶中的含量分布,特别比较了不同品牌纯牛奶中有害元素含量,结果表明不同品牌纯牛奶样品中重金属元素铬和镉含量均低于国家标准限量值,而铅含量高于限量值,且不同样品中金属元素含量存在差异.     

孕妇及其新生儿血清和发中锌、铜、钙、磷、镁的含量

用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法测定了104名孕妇及其新生儿血清和发中锌、铜、钙、磷,镁五种元素含量。结果发现,孕妇血清锌、钙和镁随孕期进展显著下降,血清铜和磷自孕早期开始就持续显著升高;脐血铜和磷低于母血,镁与母血一致,锌和钙都显著高于母血水平;孕期发锌、铜和磷变化不明显,钙和镁随孕期进展逐渐显著降低;除新生儿发铜显著低于母发外,锌、钙、磷和镁都高于母发含量。     

环境铅接触情况下的孕妇元素谱与其所生1岁小孩元素谱关系的研究

本文采用美国Ｐ－Ｅ公司ＥＬＡＮ－５０００型电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ），对环境铅污染地区孕妇及其所生１岁小孩的全血元素素谱进行了测定。研究结果表明：孕妇与其所生１岁小孩相关并且差别显著的元素为：镁（Ｍｇ）、铝（Ａｌ）、磷（Ｐ）、氯（Ｃｌ）、钙（Ｃａ）、铜（Ｃｕ）、锌（Ｚｎ）、镧（Ｌａ）和镍（Ｎｉ）；差别显著的元素有：铅（Ｐｂ）、钨（Ｗ）、硼（Ｂ）、磷（Ｐ）、氯（Ｃｌ）、轧（Ｇｄ）、钪（Ｓ     

Simultaneous determination of 31 elements in foodstuffs by ICP-MS after closed-vessel microwave digestion: Method validation based on the accuracy profile

This article describes an optimisation and validation process for the simultaneous determination of 31 elements – lithium, boron, sodium, magnesium, aluminium, potassium, calcium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, iron, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, strontium, molybdenum, silver, cadmium, tin, antimony, tellurium, barium, mercury, lead and uranium – in food samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after closed-vessel microwave digestion. In order to improve the limits of quantification of certain elements for risk assessment in the context of the first French Infant Total Diet Study (iTDS), the analytical conditions of the multi-elemental method were optimised. The validation was conducted using the evaluation of several performance criteria such as linearity, specificity, precision under repeatability conditions, intermediate precision reproducibility and limits of quantification (LOQ), with the use of the accuracy profile. Furthermore, the method was supervised by several external quality controls (EQC). Results indicate that this method could be used in the laboratory for the routine determination of these 31 essential and non-essential elements in foodstuffs with acceptable analytical performance. A more sensitive method will be necessary for Hg and Pb to decrease at the lowest the percentage of left-censored data for this iTDS.