不同性别颈动脉粥样硬化患者幽门螺杆菌感染与血脂的关系

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化患者幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染与血脂的关系。方法根据13C-尿素呼气试验结果,将553例颈动脉粥样硬化患者分为Hp阳性组、Hp阴性组,按男、女分别比较两组体重指数（BMI）、收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、脂蛋白（a）[Lp（a）]、空腹血糖（FBG）、血尿酸（UA）、超敏CRP（hs-CRP）的差异。结果不管是男性还是女性颈动脉粥样硬化患者,Hp阳性组的TC、Lp（a）均高于Hp阴性组,Hp阳性组的HDL-C低于Hp阴性组,但差异无统计学意义。只有男性颈动脉粥样硬化患者Hp阳性组的LDL-C显著高于Hp阴性组（P〈0.05）。结论男性颈动脉粥样硬化患者Hp感染可能与LDL-C有关。     

各项指标水平变化在冠心病慢性心力衰竭患者的临床意义

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血尿酸(UA)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)与脂蛋白a[Lp(a)]联合检测在冠心病慢性心力衰竭发生、发展中的应用价值。方法分别检测319例慢性心力衰竭患者和102例健康对照者血液中Hcy、UA、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDLC、Lp(a)水平。结果与健康对照组比较,冠心病慢性心力衰竭组Hcy、UA和Lp(a)水平均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);TC、HDL-C、LDL-C水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而TG水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05);随着心功能分级增加,Hcy、UA、Lp(a)水平升高,而TC、HDL-C、LDL-C水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而TG水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两两比较不同心功能之间UA水平,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),心功能Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级比Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级的Lp(a)水平高(P0.05),而TC、HDL-C、LDL-C水平降低(P0.05);冠心病慢性心力衰竭患者Hcy与UA,TC与TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、Lp(a),TG与LDL-C,HDL-C与LDL-C,LDL-C与Lp(a)呈正相关(P0.05)。UA与HDL-C、LDL-C,TG与Lp(a)呈负相关(P0.05)。结论 Hcy、UA、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、Lp(a)和冠心病慢性心力衰竭密切相关,对这些生化指标的检测有助于监测和控制冠心病慢性心力衰竭的发生和发展。     

同型半胱氨酸血脂与老人颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性研究

目的　比较血清同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B12(VitB12)、血脂等与颈动脉粥样硬化（CAAs）程度的关系,探讨其血浓度在预测老年人心脑血管事件发病中的意义。方法　对74名受试者以血管超声检查双侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉血管,按照血管狭窄程度分为A、B、C、D4组和正常对照组。取空腹静脉血,测定胆固醇,甘油三酯,高、低密度脂蛋白,载脂蛋白AI（ApoAI）,载脂蛋白B（ApoB）,脂蛋白(a)、［Lp(a)］、肌酐、血糖、叶酸、VitB12及血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平,比较各组间的差异。结果　随着颈动脉狭窄程度的加重,Hcy水平升高;正常及A、B、C、D组病人血清Hcy浓度分别为(10.2±3.6)μmol/L,(11.5±4.4)μmol/L,(17.9±4.5)μmol/L,(24.7±10.3)μmol/L,(41.4±22.3)μmol/L。经SNK检验,各组与D组之间差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。叶酸、VitB12水平随颈动脉粥样硬化的加重而降低,但只有在A组与D组之间才存在统计学差异。Spearman等级相关系数表明血清同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸(P=0.035)和ApoAI(P=0.000)显著负相关。各危险因素与CAAs多元回归分析表明ApoAI与CAAs负相关,ApoB、LP(a)、Hcy与CAAs正相关,且具有统计学意义,尤以Hcy相关性显著（P=0.009）。结论　高同型半胱氨酸血症是颈动脉粥样硬化的一个重要的危险因素,其水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的程度密切相关。在评价和预测颈动脉粥样硬化程度时,Hcy、ApoAI、ApoB、Lp(a)是敏感而可信的指标。     

高尿酸、高同型半胱氨酸血症与冠心病关系的探讨

目的 探讨高尿酸、高同型半胱氨酸血症与冠心病的关系.方法 检测经冠脉造影确诊的冠心病患者85例与80例健康体检者的血尿酸（UA）、血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平,依据冠脉造影分为单支冠脉狭窄（Ⅰ组）、双支冠脉狭窄（Ⅱ组）、三支冠脉狭窄（Ⅲ组）三组,并进行相关的统计学分析.结果 Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ组间血尿酸和同型半胱氨酸水平比较差异有统计学显著性意义（P〈0.01）;其它生化指标TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C与对照组比较差异均有统计学显著性意义（P〈0.01）.Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组之间UA水平比较差异有统计学显著性意义（P〈0.05）,Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组UA水平比较差异有统计学显著性意义（P〈0.01）;Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组Hcy水平两两组之间比较差异有统计学显著性意义（P〈0.01）;三组间TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 高尿酸、高同型半胱氨酸血症是冠心病发病的重要危险因素之一.     

亚临床甲状腺功能减退症患者血脂和血尿酸指标水平分析

目的 观察亚临床甲状腺功能减退症患者的血脂、血尿酸指标水平变化.方法 测定54例亚临床甲状腺功能减退患者的血清促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT4)、甘油三脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(APoA1)、载脂蛋白B(APoB)、脂蛋白a[Lp(a)]和血尿酸(UA)水平,分别与48例对照组间比较.结果 与对照组比较,亚临床甲状腺功能减退组TSH、TG、TC、LDL-C、APoB、Lp(a)、UA水平明显升高,组间比较有显著性差异.结论 亚临床甲状腺功能减退可以引起血脂、血尿酸代谢异常.     

血脂与脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的了解血脂与脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法对344例脑梗死疑似患者进行三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）、载脂蛋白A—I（apo A—I）、载脂蛋白B（apo B）、脂蛋白（a）[Lp（a）]检测,同时用计算机断层扫描（CT）、B超检测颈动脉病变。结果344例脑梗死疑似患者中有303例经临床及CT检查诊断为脑梗死,其余41例作为对照组。303例确诊患者中颈动脉管壁内膜-中层厚度（IMT）〉0．9mm或有斑块者206例,占68．0％;其余97例无病变,占32．0％。脑梗死患者LDL—C水平无论有无颈动脉病变均高于对照组（P〈0．05）。无脑梗死的颈动脉粥样硬化患者apo A—I水平低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论LDL-C、apo A—I是发生脑梗死和颈动脉硬化病变重要的危险因素和诊疗的观察指标,B超检测颈动脉粥样硬化再结合血脂检查,对于脑血管疾病的预防、早期诊断、指导治疗以及观察疗效具有一定的临床价值。     

亚临床甲减对同型半胱氨酸的影响

目的：探讨亚临床甲状腺功能减退症（亚临床甲减）对患者血浆同型半胱氨酸的影响。方法：分别检测35例亚临床甲减组患者及对照组35例健康体检者的血脂、同型半胱氨酸,并做统计学分析。结果：亚临床甲减组患者的血浆总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）较对照组增高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）较对照组减低,且差异有统计学意义。结论：亚临床甲减患者血脂、同型半胱氨酸水平增高,可以促进动脉粥样硬化的发生。     

幽门螺杆菌感染对老年高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化的影响

目的研究老年高血压患者幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染情况及动脉粥样硬化相关危险因子,探索Hp感染在老年高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化发生、发展过程中的作用。方法选取老年高血压病患者83例,检测其Hp感染状况及血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)和高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)含量,同时进行颈动脉超声检测,以Hp感染状况分组,对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果共检测Hp阳性37例,阳性率达44.6%,Hp阳性组患者颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT)异常率及颈动脉形成斑块率均高于Hp阴性组(P0.05);Hp阳性组LDL-C、Lp(a)、Hcy和hs-CRP 4项血清学指标均高于Hp阴性组(P0.05);Hp现症感染组LDL-C、Hcy和hs-CRP 3项指标高于既往感染组(P0.05)。结论老年高血压患者中Hp感染与颈动脉粥样硬化关系密切,Hp感染能增加高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化的风险。     

颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成与血浆同型半胱氨酸相关性研究

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成与血浆同型半胱氨酸的相关性。方法将50例颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成体检者设为研究组,50例非颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成体检者设为对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定两组血浆高同型半胱氨酸水平,对测定结果进行对分析。结果研究组血浆高同型半胱氨酸平均水平为（25．6±2．3）μmol·L^-1,对照组为（10．7±3．2）μmol·L^-1,研究组显著高于对照组（t=26．735,P〈0．01）。结论颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成与血浆同型半胱氨酸呈显著相关,高同型半胱氨酸血症是颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的一个新的危险因素。     

同型半胱氨酸等危险因子与冠心病的相关性分析

目的探讨同型半胱氨酸（HCY）、脂代谢指标、炎症因子等与冠心病的相关性。方法选择2009年3月～2010年8月我院收治的冠心病110例（冠心病组）和同期健康体检100例（对照组）,平行测定HCY、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、载脂蛋白A1（ApoA1）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）、血清脂蛋白（a）[Lp（a）]、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、尿酸（UA）,并进行对比分析及Logistic多元回归分析。结果冠心病组HCY、TG、LDL-C、Lp（a）、ApoB、UA、hs-CRP表达水平或阳性率均高于对照组（P均〈0.05）,经多元Logistic回归分析显示HCY、Lp（a）、LDL-C、UA是冠心病的危险因素,HDL-C是冠心病的保护因素。结论 HCY、Lp（a）、LDL-C、UA均是冠心病的危险因素,其中HCY为冠心病的独立危险因素,LDL-C对冠心病的发生影响最大,早期检测上述指标有助于冠心病的诊断及早期预测。     

左心室射血分数正常的原发性高血压患者晨峰血压对颈动脉硬化的影响及与Hcy、UmAlb的相关性分析

目的 观察左心室射血分数（LVEF）正常的原发性高血压患者晨峰血压对颈动脉硬化、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）和尿微量白蛋白（UmAlb）的影响,探讨Hcy和UmAlb在晨峰血压所致颈动脉硬化中的作用。方法 ①应用24 h动态血压监测仪器对197例原发性高血压且LVEF正常的患者行24 h血压监测,按晨峰血压的高低分为两组：A组：晨峰血压正常组,共90例;B组：晨峰血压增高组,共107例。②应用多普勒超声仪对每例患者均行左、右两侧颈总动脉内径（LCCAd、RCCAd）、颈内动脉内径（LICAd、RICAd）、颈总动脉内膜‐中层厚度（LCA‐IM T、RCA‐IM T ）及确定左侧、右侧颈动脉有无斑块,计算双侧颈总动脉内径均值（CCAdM）、双侧颈内动脉内径均值（ICAdM）、双侧颈总动脉内膜‐中层厚度均值（CCA‐IMTM）以及两组患者存在颈动脉硬化斑块的患者例数。③入院24 h内对以上患者均留取空腹静脉血,利用OLYMPUS AU640全自动生化仪检测Hcy、UmAlb及血脂等观察指标。结果 ①A组与B组患者在24 h、日间、夜间收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）的血压平均值,24 h平均动脉压（MAP）等方面均无显著性意义（ P＞0．01）。②B组在颈动脉硬化各参数、颈动脉硬化斑块患者例数方面均明显高于A组,差异有显著性意义（ P＜0．05）。③B组在Hcy和UmAlb水平方面均明显高于A组,差异有显著性意义（ P＜0．01）。④晨峰血压与颈动脉硬化各参数、Hcy和UmAlb均显著相关（ P＜0．01）,其中晨峰血压与CCA‐IMTM相关性最强（ r ＝0．623,P ＝0．000）。结论 晨峰血压在LVEF正常的原发性高血压患者所致早期颈动脉硬化方面有重要的意义,且与Hcy、UmAlb密切相关,提示晨峰血压的控制是高血压诊治过程中的重要环节。     

高血压患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的探讨高血压患者血浆总同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平和颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT),以及血浆总Hcy与颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关系。方法采用免疫酶标吸附法测定60例高血压患者、60例健康对照血浆总Hcy水平,采用彩色多普勒超声测定颈动脉IMT。结果高血压组血浆Hcy水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01),颈动脉IMT高于对照组(P<0.05),出现颈动脉增厚及斑块的比例高于对照组(P<0.05)。随着斑块严重程度的增加,血浆总Hcy水平呈增高趋势,并与颈动脉斑块的发生率呈正相关(r=0.341,P<0.05)。颈动脉IMT与年龄(r=0.41,P<0.01)、总胆固醇(r=0.28,P<0.05)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(r=0.37,P<0.05)、收缩压(r=0.35,P<0.01)呈正相关,与体重指数、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、舒张压无相关。结论高血压患者血浆总Hcy及颈动脉IMT明显增高,两者呈正相关;血浆高Hcy、年龄、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、收缩压增高是颈动脉粥样硬化的重要危险因素。     

老年脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平及药物干预研究(英文)

目的了解正常人颈动脉硬化患者及脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸(serumtotalnomocysteine,tHcy)水平及给予叶酸和维生素B12治疗后血tHcy含量的变化。方法脑梗死组80例,男71例,女9例,年龄63～80岁,平均74岁,符合脑梗死的诊断标准,均在发病后2周内测定tHcy含量;颈动脉硬化组80例,男71例,女9例,年龄62～79岁,平均72岁。双侧颈动脉B超检查均存在颈动脉硬化及(或)粥样斑块。以上两组均除外甲状腺功能减退及肾功能减退。入选者在测定血清叶酸、维生素B12、肌酐、血糖、血脂水平及血压和体重指数后,各组均随机分为两组,即干预治疗组及非干预治疗组,每组40例。干预治疗组患者给予叶酸1.25mg,隔日1次,维生素B128μg,1次/d,口服10个月后复查上述各项指标。结果治疗前3组血tHcy水平各不相同,脑梗死组为(16±5)μmol/L,颈动脉硬化组为(14±5)μmol/L,正常老年人组为(12±3)μmol/L,3组比较差异有显著意义。血tHcy含量增高,叶酸水平越低。相关分析发现,血tHcy水平与叶酸、维生素B12呈负相关。干预治疗后,治疗组患者的血tHcy含量均有所下降。结论不同程度的脑缺血性疾病与血tHcy水平有一定的关系,补充营养元素有助于降低血tHcy水平,以减少高tHcy对血管的素性作用。     

Homocysteine as a risk factor for atherosclerosis

OBJECTIVE: To review the role of homocysteine as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and to provide recommendations for the treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search using key terms such as homocysteine, atherosclerosis, folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 was conducted for the time period 1966 through January 1999. STUDY SELECTION: An article was selected for inclusion in this review if it assessed the relationship and proposed mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia on the vasculature, physiologic changes due to hyperhomocysteinemia, and outcomes due to hyperhomocysteinemia, such as morbidity and mortality. In addition, studies that assessed the treatment outcomes of hyperhomocysteinemia were evaluated. DATA SYNTHESIS: Studies of patients with cerebral vascular disease reveal elevated homocysteine concentrations in 30-40% of patients compared with controls. Many studies demonstrate a correlation between elevated homocysteine concentrations, risk of myocardial infarction, and mortality. In addition, hyperhomocysteinemia and decreased folic acid concentrations have been identified in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and type 2 diabetic patients, while both concentrations remained normal in healthy controls. Studies using folic acid 650 microg/d reduced homocysteine concentrations to within normal therapeutic range after two weeks of treatment. Studies with vitamins B6 and B12 have demonstrated that the use of either alone is ineffective, but when combined or administered with folic acid, homocysteine concentrations return to normal. All therapies must be given for the lifetime of the patient. In addition, patients must use discretion in their diet, as common beverages, such as coffee, have a strong correlation with hyperhomocysteinemia, while foods high in folic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 may reduce homocysteine concentrations. Additional prospective studies are needed to determine effects of treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia and various diets on atherosclerotic morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Studies demonstrate a positive correlation between hyperhomocysteinemia and atherosclerosis. The treatment of choice for hyperhomocysteinemia is folic acid. Although the optimal dose is not known, 650 microg/d is the minimum effective dose. To date, no studies have assessed the effects on morbidity and mortality when treating high homocysteine concentrations in atherosclerotic patients.     

Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-1 infected patients using carotid intima-media thickness measurement

BACKGROUND: Highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) in HIV-infected patients are often associated with lipodystrophy syndrome and metabolic disorders. Atherogenic lipid profile could expose these patients to atheromatous cardiovascular disease. We describe carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis, according to HIV status, antiretroviral treatment, lipodystrophy and conventional cardiovascular risk factors. METHOD: In a multicenter prospective cohort study we have surveyed HIV-infected subjects with a carotid IMT measurement by B-mode ultrasonography. We collected information on lipodystrophy clinical manifestations, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, alcohol intake, systolic blood pressure, HIV transmission category, AIDS stage, type and duration of HAART, CD4+ cell count, plasma HIV-1 RNA, glucose, insulin, total cholesterol and homocysteine. RESULTS: Four hundred and twenty-three HIV-infected patients were studied. The median carotid IMT measurement was 0.54 mm (range: 0.50-0.60). Lipodystrophy syndrome was diagnosed in 161 HIV-infected patients (38.1%). In univariate linear regression, IMT was significantly higher (P<0.05) with older age, male gender, higher body mass index, higher waist-to-hip ratio, increased systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, glucose disorders and homocysteine, regular smoking and alcohol consumption, lipodystrophy and HAART. In a multivariate analysis, the effect of lipodystrophy and HAART disappeared after adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that only conventional cardiovascular risk factors are independently associated with increased IMT in HIV-infected patients.     

Homocysteine and the stage of atherosclerotic disease: a study in patients suffering from clinically silent and clinically manifest atherosclerotic disease

BACKGROUND: Elevated serum levels of homocysteine are considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It has been suggested that homocysteine is a late stage predictor of adverse cardiovascular events, which might explain reported controversies in literature. The objective of the present study was to study the relationship between homocysteine levels and the stage of atherosclerotic disease. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study we compared the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in high risk patients without silent or clinically overt atherosclerosis (group I, n = 196) with two patient groups: patients with clinically manifest atherosclerosis in the past or asymptomatic atherosclerosis (group II, n = 364) and patients who currently suffer from a clinically relevant manifestation of ischemic cardiovascular disease (group III, n = 967). In addition, we related homocysteine levels with a cumulative index of atherosclerotic disease (SMART-score). RESULTS: Homocysteine levels (micromol L(-1)) for the different groups were 13.5 +/- 8.9 (group I), 13.7 +/- 8.2 (group II) and 14.7 +/- 7.7 (group III). After adjustment for age, body mass index, creatinine levels and current use of vitamins, no significant differences in the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia were observed, compared with the reference category. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between Smart score and homocysteine levels that remained after adjustment for potential confounders (Beta = 0.36 (0.14-0.59), P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: If homocysteine levels are associated with the presence and indicators of atherosclerotic plaque burden, then this relationship is apparently not affected by the stage of atherosclerotic disease.     

Evaluation of cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-1 infected patients using carotid intima-media thickness measurement

BACKGROUND. Highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) in HIV-infected patients are often associated with lipodystrophy syndrome and metabolic disorders. Atherogenic lipid profile could expose these patients to atheromatous cardiovascular disease. We describe carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis, according to HIV status, antiretroviral treatment, lipodystrophy and conventional cardiovascular risk factors. METHOD. In a multicenter prospective cohort study we have surveyed HIV-infected subjects with a carotid IMT measurement by B-mode ultrasonography. We collected information on lipodystrophy clinical manifestations, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, alcohol intake, systolic blood pressure, HIV transmission category, AIDS stage, type and duration of HAART, CD4 + cell count, plasma HIV-1 RNA, glucose, insulin, total cholesterol and homocysteine. RESULTS. Four hundred and twenty-three HIV-infected patients were studied. The median carotid IMT measurement was 0.54 mm (range: 0.50-0.60). Lipodystrophy syndrome was diagnosed in 161 HIV-infected patients (38.1%). In univariate linear regression, IMT was significantly higher (P < 0.05) with older age, male gender, higher body mass index, higher waist-to-hip ratio, increased systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, glucose disorders and homocysteine, regular smoking and alcohol consumption, lipo dystrophy and HAART. In a multivariate analysis, the effect of lipodystrophy and HAART disappeared after adjustment for other cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS. It was concluded that only conventional cardiovascular risk factors are independently associated with increased IMT in HIV-infected patients.     

Homocysteine and diabetic macroangiopathy

Moderate hyperhomocysteinemia is one of risk factors for arteriosclerotic disease. In diabetic patients, hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for macroangiopathy and mortality. Homocysteinemia is also associated with diabetic microangiopathy, silent stroke, and cognitive impairment. However, excluding those with nephropathy or microangiopathy, plasma homocysteine is lower in diabetic patients than non-diabetic controls. Oral treatment with folic acid, vitamin B12 and B6 reduces plasma homocysteine concentration about by 30%. The vitamin treatment for reduction of hyperhomocysteinemia improves endothelial dysfunction and retards carotid atherosclerosis. Few randomized control trials have showed a positive effect of the vitamin treatment on prevention from stroke and ischemic heart disease. Further prospective intervention studies are necessary to address the issue whether lowering homocysteine does prevent the development and progression of diabetic macroangiopathy.     

高同型半胱氨酸兔模型腹主动脉超声表现的实验研究

目的 探讨兔同型半胱氨酸(HCY)与动脉粥样硬化(AS)的发生、发展的关系。方法 雄性新西兰大白兔18只，采用蛋氨酸饮食负荷复制出兔高同型半胱氨酸模型，同时以高脂血症模型为阳性对照，分别于0、4、8周对腹主动脉进行超声检查，记录腹主动脉狭窄程度及硬化斑块形成，并与病理相对照。结果 4周时高脂饮食组显示腹主动脉硬化斑块及动脉狭窄，8周时高蛋氨酸饮食组显示腹主动脉硬化斑块及动脉狭窄，并得到病理证实。统计学分析提示血浆同型半胱氨酸浓度与胆固醇浓度分别与腹主动脉狭窄程度呈正相关，但血浆胆固醇浓度与同型半胱氨酸浓度无显著相关。结论 高同型半胱氨酸是动脉粥样硬化的一个相对独立的重要危险因素。     

血清同型半胱氨酸水平与脑梗死及颈动脉粥样硬化相关的临床研究

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸水平与脑梗死及颈动脉粥样硬化之间的关系。方法选择2009年9月~2011年9月期间本院收治的210例脑梗死患者,抽取外周静脉血4 mL,取用荧光偏振免疫法(FPIA)测定血浆Hcy浓度,采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪探测颈动脉内膜中层厚度,并与非脑梗死患者比较。结果观察组患者血浆中Hcy含量为(22.1±5.9)μmol/L,而对照组为(15.9±4.3)μmol,两者比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。观察组动脉粥样硬化发生率为53.3%,明显高于对照组的32.4%。脑梗死患者合并颈动脉粥样硬化与颈动脉正常者的血浆Hcy水平比较,观察组患者轻度硬化68例,其血浆Hcy浓度为(21.6±3.7)μmol/L,重度硬化44例,其血浆Hcy浓度为(32.9±6.8)μmol/L,正常98例,其血浆Hcy浓度为(17.2±3.7)μmol/L。均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论高水平Hcy是脑梗死发生的独立危险因素,监测血浆Hcy水平变化有助于脑梗死早期干预与治疗。