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1.
目的探索鱼际肌肌肌内神经分支和肌梭密度的分布。方法采用改良Sihler’s肌内神经染色法和HE染色法进行解剖学研究。结果鱼际肌的神经常从肌起端深面入肌,神经入肌后在拇短展肌、拇对掌肌、拇收肌横头内与肌长轴垂直走向,拇收肌斜头和拇短屈肌内沿肌长轴平行走形。80%~82.5%的拇短屈肌和拇指对掌肌接受正中神经和尺神经的双重支配。拇短屈肌浅头和深头、拇收肌横头和斜头有独立的神经支配,可分出神经肌肉亚部。4块肌内神经分支分布密集区多在肌的中部与近端,可见"Y"、"O"、"H"或"U"型等不同的神经吻合形式。鱼际肌肌梭密度高达16.19~27.14个/g,高低顺序为拇指对掌肌拇短屈肌拇短展肌拇收肌。结论鱼际肌肌内神经吻合丰富,肌梭密度高,除拇对掌肌外,其余肌块可作整肌或半肌移植的供体。  相似文献   

2.
<正>在制作一左上肢肌肉标本过程中,见其示指伸肌缺如图。为积累国人肌肉变异资料,现报道如下(图)。1正常示指伸肌起自拇长伸肌远侧的桡、尺骨背面及邻近的骨间膜,其肌腱与指伸肌肌腱一起通过伸肌支持带深面,穿过伸肌腱鞘,在第掌骨头对面2与到示指的指伸肌腱尺侧部联合。该标本前臂后群肌指伸肌深面和拇长伸肌内侧无起自桡、尺骨至示  相似文献   

3.
拇长展肌起自桡骨、尺骨的背面和前臂骨间膜,走行于桡侧腕伸肌、指伸肌的深面和拇短伸肌的上方,在伸肌支持带深层,拇长展肌与拇短伸肌腱走行于同一个纤维鞘中,随后拇长展肌腱向下止于第一掌骨底,拇短伸肌腱止于拇指近节指骨底。我们在局解课上解剖一具男尸时发现一例双侧拇长展肌双肌腹、双肌腱变异。现详细报道如下。1拇长展肌的解剖双侧拇长展肌均于肌腹中下1/3处移行为双肌腹,以双肌腱止于第一掌骨底和大多角骨,分别命名为拇长展肌桡侧腱和拇长展肌尺侧腱。左侧拇长展肌在肌腹中下1/3处移行为双肌腹,拇短伸肌腱与拇长展肌尺侧肌腱共行于…  相似文献   

4.
患者,女30岁。因左肱骨干骨折并桡神经损伤一年入院,于1988年6月行前臂屈肌腱转移替代术。术中显露背侧诸肌腱,未见拇长伸肌。伸展拇指的三条肌腱正常分布规律是:拇长展肌与拇短伸肌位于解剖“鼻烟窝”的桡侧,拇长伸肌位于尺侧。因未见拇长伸肌,见  相似文献   

5.
模拟足拇展肌与拇收肌移位吻接术生物力学性质实验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了正常拇展肌、拇收肌拉伸力学性质和模拟拇外翻拇展肌,拇收肌移位吻接术后拇展肌和拇收肌的力学性质。取10个足标本,解剖后暴露拇展肌与拇收肌,将标本固定于电子万能试验机底座上,由钢丝绳吊钩沿拇收肌、拇展肌纵行方向钩住、钢丝绳上端固定于试验机上夹头上,驱动机器,对标本施加拉应力,直至拇收肌或拇展肌断裂,得出拉伸最大载荷、应力、应变等数据。对断裂后的拇收肌和拇展肌模拟临床手术进行移位吻接,10个拇展肌标本做了腱与腱移位吻接,另取10个拇收肌标本做了腱与腱吻接,10个拇收肌标本做了腱与骨膜吻接。分别对吻接后的标本进行拉伸实验,分别得出了吻接术后各组的拉伸最大载荷、应力、应变等数据和曲线。 以多项式,用最小二乘法得出了各组标本的应力-变关系表达式及应力应变曲线。实验结果表明,拇收肌的应力与拇展肌接近。拇收肌应变大于拇展肌。模拟临床手术拇展肌腱与腱吻合拉伸强度大于拇收肌腱与腱吻合。应变小于拇收肌腱与腱吻合,拇收肌移位腱与骨膜吻接强度低于腱与腱吻合,二者应变较接近。得出了一些重要结论。对实验结果进行分析讨论。  相似文献   

6.
<正>在制作一成年男性右上肢标本时,见其桡侧腕长伸肌及桡侧腕短伸肌肌腱分支及融合变异,较罕[1]见,为增加国人解剖学数值,现报道如下。桡侧腕长伸肌起点正常,沿肱桡肌桡侧下行,在距起点92.18mm处分为主肌腹和副肌腹。主肌腹和主肌腱走行及止点正常。副肌腹沿主肌腱向远侧走行143.64mm后移行为长163.50mm,宽4.52mm,厚0.82mm的副肌腱。副肌腱沿主肌腱尺侧贴桡骨体向骨间缘绕行,在拇长展肌与拇短伸肌腱深面绕向背  相似文献   

7.
桡掌肌一例     
<正> 尸解一成年女尸时,发现右前臂屈肌多一块桡掌肌(或称副桡侧屈腕肌),现报告如下: 桡掌肌属长肌,以腱性起于旋前圆肌止点下方,桡骨下1/3上份外侧的骨膜上,肌纤维由外上稍斜向内下,在桡侧屈腕肌腱和拇长屈肌腱的深面,经腕管后成腱膜止于拇收肌斜头深面第二掌骨底。肌全长9.5cm,肌腹长6.8cm,最宽1.55cm,厚0.6cm,止端腱长2.7cm,宽3.0cm(见图)。  相似文献   

8.
目的测量拇指伸肌腱的宽度,并分析该宽度与拇短伸肌腱远端止点之间的关系。方法 76例(左侧39例,右侧37例)经10%福尔马林溶液灌注固定的人体上肢标本,解剖第1骨纤维管、拇长展肌、拇短伸肌以及拇长伸肌,观察纤维管内肌腱中隔分布情况;采用游标卡尺,测量拇指近节指骨背面中点处伸肌腱宽度,利用ROC曲线,分析该宽度与拇短伸肌腱远端止点之间的关系。结果①52例第1骨纤维管内出现肌腱中隔(68.4%);30例拇短伸肌腱止点发生延长,即越过拇指掌指关节;②拇短伸肌腱未延长组,伸肌腱宽度(6.04±0.92)mm;而延长组拇指伸肌腱的宽度(7.52±1.38)mm,显著高于未延长组(t=4.050,P=0.000);③通过测量拇指近节指背中点处伸肌腱宽度,判断拇短伸肌腱止点延长的情况:ROC曲线下面积0.823,临界值7.21 mm,灵敏度和特异度分别是0.843和0.927,正确率为90%。结论当拇短伸肌腱止点延长时,拇指近节指骨背面肌腱的宽度增加;此宽度不仅能够用来识别变异,对于拇指腱鞘炎的外科治疗,具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

9.
解剖1具62岁男性标本时发现左前臂肌群中有2块异常屈肌,为积累国人肌变异资料,现报道如下. 桡侧变异屈肌和尺侧变异屈肌在肱骨内上髁下方起于指浅屈肌肱尺头的深面,肌腹向下分为2个头,移行后分别以长、短两腱止于指深屈肌腱和拇长屈肌腱上.桡侧变异屈肌肌腹、肌腱较短,该肌全长115 mm,其中肌腱长15 mm;尺侧变异屈肌肌腹...  相似文献   

10.
解剖1具62岁男性标本时发现左前臂肌群中有2块异常屈肌,为积累国人肌变异资料,现报道如下. 桡侧变异屈肌和尺侧变异屈肌在肱骨内上髁下方起于指浅屈肌肱尺头的深面,肌腹向下分为2个头,移行后分别以长、短两腱止于指深屈肌腱和拇长屈肌腱上.桡侧变异屈肌肌腹、肌腱较短,该肌全长115 mm,其中肌腱长15 mm;尺侧变异屈肌肌腹较短,肌腱较长,该肌全长265 mm,其中肌腹长125 mm,肌腱长140 mm,肌腱与指深屈肌腱伴行,穿腕管后与指深屈肌腱融合.  相似文献   

11.
目的 揭示足底内侧和外侧群肌的肌内神经整体分布模式,探讨其临床意义.方法 24具成年尸体,完整取下足底内侧和外侧群肌,采用改良Sihler染色显示肌内神经分布模式.结果 (足母)收肌的神经支从肌止端的深面入肌,而(足母)展肌、(足母)短屈肌、小趾展肌和小趾短屈肌的神经支常从肌起端的深面入肌.(足母)展肌中有1个半月形和...  相似文献   

12.
An abnormal abductor pollicis longus muscle was encountered bilaterally during the dissection of the upper limb of a 26-year-old male cadaver. In the left side, the abductor pollicis longus had seven tendon slips. The medial two inserted into the abductor pollicis brevis, the other five inserted into the base of the first metacarpal bone. In the right side of the case, the abductor pollicis longus was consisted of three bellies. The lateral belly's tendon was the main abductor pollicis longus tendon and inserted into the base of the first metacarpal bone. The medial belly inserted into the abductor pollicis brevis. Between these muscle bellies, there was an intermediate belly. Its tendon was split into two thin slips and inserted into both the abductor pollicis brevis and the opponens pollicis muscles. The number of such accessory tendons has a functional significance in the development of de Quervain's stenosing tendovaginitis and possibly also has a practical significance. This paper is the first to describe seven tendons of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis in the same compartment.  相似文献   

13.
While dissecting the body of an 80-year-old female we observed multiple variations in the right region of Mm. extensores carpi radialis longus and brevis. The M. extensor carpi radialis longus gave origin to an accessory head. The tendon of this accessory head passed through a separate tunnel in the extensor retinaculum and inserted in the middle of the first metacarpal bone. Concerning its function, this accessory head of the M. extensor carpi radialis longus could be regarded as an additional abductor pollicis. The M. extensor carpi radialis brevis had an accessory tendon lying underneath the main tendon of this muscle. The accessory tendon joined with the main tendon just when undercrossing Mm. abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis. Afterwards the tendon lay in the second tunnel of the extensor retinaculum and inserted in the base of the third metacarpal. In her lifetime the individual's tabatière probably must have been conspicuously pronounced at its radial margin.  相似文献   

14.
Examination of the thenar muscles in 30 anatomical preparations of the hand have shown that the abductor pollicis brevis, the opponens pollicis, and the adductor pollicis muscles are made up of several muscle bellies. The number and insertions of these bellies are varied. Both heads of flexor pollicis brevis do not originate from any particular muscle belly. The superficial head of this muscle always inserted into the head of the thumb metacarpal, either completely, or, some of the fibres of the dorsal aponeurosis of the thumb were attached to the base of the proximal phalanx. Furthermore the anatomy of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle was related to the presence of a tendinous slip from abductor pollicis longus. These variations could have an influence on proprioception in the thumb ray.  相似文献   

15.
A variation of the abductor pollicis longus muscle in a 65 year old cadaver was encountered during routine dissection in our department. The muscle was found to split into two bellies and give off two tendons, one of which inserted to the abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis and flexor pollicis brevis muscles. The other tendon inserted to the first metacarpal bone which is considered a normal insertion site for the abductor pollicis longus muscle.  相似文献   

16.
The branching patterns of nerves supplying the intrinsic muscles of the foot were analyzed as a basis to confirm the muscle layer structure. Thirty-eight feet of 20 Japanese cadavers were examined in detail in this study. The first dorsal interosseus was innervated by a branch from the deep peroneal nerve as well as a branch of the lateral plantar nerve in 92.1%, the second dorsal interosseus in 10. 5% and the third dorsal interosseus in 2.6%. In three specimens, branches from the deep peroneal nerve innervated the oblique head of the adductor hallucis or the lateral head the flexor hallucis brevis. In addition, branches from the medial and lateral plantar nerves and the deep peroneal nerve formed communication loops in three specimens. The first dorsal interosseus, the oblique head of the adductor hallucis and the lateral head of the flexor hallucis and their innervating nerve branches are closely related within the first intermetatarsal space. Since the tibial part of the first interosseus muscle primordium is occupied in the space during development, the variations of innervation patterns and formation of the communicating nerve loops may be explained by various combinations of the part and the other muscle primordia.  相似文献   

17.
Two accessory muscles were found in the lateral compartment of the forearm while dissecting a 92-year-old female cadaver. One of these originated from the extensor carpi radialis brevis, became tendinous and travelled between the two radial extensor tendons. It inserted independently into the second metacarpal bone, and may be regarded as an extensor carpi radialis intermedius. The other accessory muscle originated from the extensor carpi radialis longus, passed superficially over the parent tendon and inserted into the abductor pollicis brevis. This variation appeared to be a rare extensor carpi radialis accessorius, an additional muscle, which usually arises from below the extensor carpi radialis longus and inserts into the first metacarpal bone. Various forms of the accessorius have been described previously, including one that inserts into the abductor pollicis brevis. The tendon of the accessory muscle described in this study passed through its own dorsal tunnel under the extensor retinaculum, making it an uncommon form of the rare accessorius.  相似文献   

18.
The branching patterns of nerves supplying the intrinsic muscles of the foot were analyzed as a basis to confirm the muscle layer structure. Thirty‐eight feet of 20 Japanese cadavers were examined in detail in this study. The first dorsal interosseus was innervated by a branch from the deep peroneal nerve as well as a branch of the lateral plantar nerve in 92.1%, the second dorsal interosseus in 10.5% and the third dorsal interosseus in 2.6%. In three specimens, branches from the deep peroneal nerve innervated the oblique head of the adductor hallucis or the lateral head the flexor hallucis brevis. In addition, branches from the medial and lateral plantar nerves and the deep peroneal nerve formed communication loops in three specimens. The first dorsal interosseus, the oblique head of the adductor hallucis and the lateral head of the flexor hallucis and their innervating nerve branches are closely related within the first intermetatarsal space. Since the tibial part of the first interosseus muscle primordium is occupied in the space during development, the variations of innervation patterns and formation of the communicating nerve loops may be explained by various combinations of the part and the other muscle primordia. Anat Rec 255:465–470, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.  相似文献   

19.
During routine dissection of an adult human cadaver, a suite of tendinous anomalies was discovered in the left hallucal region. Whereas the main tendon of the extensor hallucis longus muscle inserted normally, two accessory tendons were found coursing medial and lateral to the main tendon. The most lateral tendon originated from a supernumerary muscle belly and merged with the tendon of extensor hallucis brevis to form a composite tendon. The most medial tendon crossed the metatarsophalangeal joint and joined the composite tendon deep to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus. A terminal tendon, consisting of these three contributions, inserted upon the proximal hallucal phalanx. This variant likely arose due to atypical differentiation of the common extensor muscle mass during development, and is of particular significance to clinicians performing arthroscopy, tendon transfers, and other surgical procedures.  相似文献   

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