Abbe瓣联合人中皮瓣及开放路径鼻整形术修复双侧唇裂术后继发畸形

目的 探讨Abbe瓣联合人中皮瓣及开放路径鼻整形术修复双侧唇裂术后继发畸形的疗效.方法 I期以Abbe瓣修复上唇缺损,人中皮瓣延长鼻小柱,同时行开放入路鼻整形,以矫正鼻背低平和鼻翼塌陷,缩小鼻孔宽度;Ⅱ期Abbe瓣断蒂术.结果 本组双侧唇裂术后继发畸形患者27例,术后随访6～12个月,Abbe瓣成活良好,上唇及鼻部畸形得到明显矫正.结论 本方法适用于上唇过紧、组织缺损明显、鼻小柱短小、鼻背低平、鼻孔扁阔的双侧唇裂术后继发畸形患者;但手术须分2期进行,不适合于上唇组织量充足、鼻畸形不明显的患者.     

双侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的矫正

目的通过对双侧唇裂继发鼻畸形进行细致的病理解剖学分析，制定出具体的治疗目标，探讨矫正的有效手术方法。方法以双侧唇裂继发鼻畸形的病理解剖学为基础，将手术程序分为鼻小柱及鼻尖整形、鼻翼软骨的整形、鼻底的整形3个连续的步骤。结果自2000年以来应用上述方法手术矫正36例，其中畸形严重的双侧完全性唇裂术后患者22例，占61．6％。所有病例术后伤口均Ⅰ期愈合，鼻外形明显改善，无感染及皮瓣坏死等并发症发生。术后随访10～24个月，平均17个月，满意率高达100％。结论双侧唇裂继发鼻畸形具有其特有的病理解剖学特征，以解剖学特征基础制定具体手术方案，确保了最终疗效的满意率。     

单侧唇裂术后继发唇鼻畸形的综合修复

以鬼式唇裂Ⅱ期修复方程式Ｂ＝Ａ＋（Ｈ－Ｈ’）－３为基础，对唇裂术后唇鼻畸形采用患侧口轮匝肌瓣悬吊于鼻中隔下端，人中再建及鼻翼软骨复位等手段进行唇鼻畸形的综合修复，取得了良好效果。     

Secondary rhinoplasty in the bilateral cleft

Secondary rhinoplasty in bilateral clefts is very complex due to its specific pathological anatomical characteristics. In this article, the general and specific characteristics of the nose of the bilateral clefts are described and careful preoperative assessment is emphasized. We discuss the timing of the operation considering growth inhibition and psychological aspects and a systematic rational surgical approach, dividing the operative procedure into: septal surgery, tip surgery, osseocartilaginous vault surgery, maxillary augmentation, and alar base reallocation. We report results of a retrospective study to evaluate the postoperative care with a custom-made vestibulum device to prevent stenosis of the vestibulum caused by scar tissue retraction in the postoperative period.     

Secondary rhinoplasty in unilateral cleft nasal deformity

Secondary rhinoplasty in the unilateral cleft nose represents one of the most difficult problems in rhinoplasty surgery. The sliding cheilorhinoplasty operation is a procedure that aids the correction of the deformed cleft nose. This technique is presented in detail, with operative examples.     

The Abbe island flap for the correction of whistle deformity

An Abbe flap with the skin removed was used in four cases of whistle deformity after bilateral clefts. The Abbe flaps were converted into island flaps by incising the mucosa all around the pedicle. The results obtained were considered to be superior to those obtained by using neighbouring tissues from the upper lip as more bulk was supplied as well as a perfect lining for the reconstruction of the tubercle of the upper lip vermilion. The balance between the lips was improved. The technique is recommended for patients with severe shortage of vermilion in the midline.     

双侧口轮匝肌粘膜瓣在双侧唇裂术后继发畸形中的应用

目的：探求一种新的矫正双侧唇裂术后继发畸形红唇口哨畸形的手术方法。方法：应用红唇双侧口轮匝肌粘膜瓣矫正单侧唇裂术后继发畸形中的红唇畸形。结果：所有病例术后全部一期愈合,无粘膜瓣坏死,唇部形态明显改善,有明显的唇珠,上下唇关系协调。结论：红唇双侧口轮匝肌粘膜瓣可以矫正口哨样畸形,加强唇珠形态,术后效果确切,值得推广。     

Secondary rhinoplasty in nasal deformity associated with the unilateral cleft lip

The secondary nasal deformity of the unilateral cleft lip involves a retrodisplaced dome of the ipsilateral nasal tip, hooding of the alar rim, a secondary alar-columellar web, and other deficiencies. The sliding-flap cheilorhinoplasty effectively corrects these deformities using a laterally based chondrocutaneous flap. We modified this technique by using an open rhinoplasty approach with the laterally based chondrocutaneous sliding flap. Columellar struts and shield grafts were some of the techniques combined with this approach to produce optimal results. In a total of 7 patients, we performed both the original sliding-flap cheilorhinoplasty and the modified open rhinoplasty, which are described and discussed herein. The laterally based sliding-flap cheilorhinoplasty is an effective technique for correcting both the secondary nasal deformity and the lip scar associated with the unilateral cleft lip.     

Abbe瓣修复双侧唇裂术后畸形的临床应用进展

双侧唇裂术后继发鼻唇畸形是临床唇腭裂序列治疗中的一个难题,其畸形主要表现为鼻小柱过短甚至缺如,鼻尖扁平,鼻孔缩窄横阔,鼻唇角不明显,唇珠缺失,前唇长度不足,上唇红唇组织不足,上唇过紧等(图1)。由于畸形严重,其     

Secondary correction of the unilateral cleft nose deformity with an endonasal technique

Summary Malposition of the nasal bone, septum and the alar cartilage are striking features of the unilateral cleft nose deformity. An endonasal technique (the extramucosal) was used in 26 patients, aged 13–38 (median 19), to correct aesthetic and functional problems. Twenty-four patients were secondary and two were tertiary. The patients were followed from 1–9 years. The pathological anatomy of the septum varied considerably, so different types of septoplasties had to be done. In 20 patients, satisfactory aesthetic and functional results were obtained in one operation. Secondary corrections were indicated in six patients. In cases with no gross scarring in or around the alar cartilage, the form and position of this cartilage will be more normal once the alar cartilages have been undermined and the deviation of the nasal bone and the septum is corrected.     

The Abbe flap in secondary cleft lip repair

The Abble flap is a full-thickness composite flap, involving the transfer of the skin, muscle, and mucosa of the central part of the lover lip to the upper lip. This vermilionpedicled flap, based on the inferior labial vessels, has been used for secondary corrections in cleft deformities, more often in bilateral cases. Indications for its use include deficiency of scarring of the central part of the upper lip. thinness of the vermilion with a nonexistent lip tuberculum, or the absence of a Cupid's bow. The procedure may be combined with other reconstructive procedures.     

Secondary reconstruction of the short philtrum in the bilateral cleft deformity

Summary This technique for reconstruction of the short philtrum requires an understanding of the viscoelastic properties of the skin and how to use these to increase skin dimensions. This is combined with contouring and splinting with a subcutaneous cartilage graft. Three representative cases are presented to illustrate the method to achieve an aesthetically acceptable lip and its long-term follow-up. No complications have been encountered using this over a 15-year period. The technique can be combined with other secondary reconstructive procedures on the lip and palate. Work completed at: Providence Hospital, 16001 West Nine Mile Road, P.O. Box 2043, Southfield, Michigan 48037, USA     

Secondary correction of the wide nasal root in bilateral nasal deformity associated with cleft lip in five Oriental patients.

Secondary correction of bilateral nasal deformity associated with a cleft lip is common. However, few reports have referred to the correction of the wide nasal root. In this study we describe a technique other than osteotomy for the correction of the wide nasal root used in five Oriental patients with bilateral nasal deformity associated with cleft lip. Satisfactory results were obtained, and two representative cases are described.     

单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的治疗

目的：探讨一个治疗唇裂继发畸形鼻畸形的较为全面、可靠的治疗模式。方法：通过设计“全局化”和治疗“个性化”的思路，对引起鼻畸形的各种病理因素进行针对性矫正，同时术后采取确实有效的维持和固定措施。结果：1995年～2007年间治疗唇裂继发畸形鼻畸形357例，术后245例鼻孔基本对称，50例明显改善。结论：本设计思路和手术方法对于唇裂继发畸形鼻畸形治疗是一个合理可靠的模式。     

伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复

目的探讨伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复方法。方法对34例伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发畸形的患者,在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术。结果术后随访1~3年,植骨区成活良好,鼻畸形较整形前明显改善,接近正常外形,效果满意。结论在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术,能够取得满意的效果,并且节省了医疗费用,缩短了治疗时间。     

伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复

目的探讨伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发鼻畸形的修复方法.方法对34例伴有齿槽嵴裂的单侧唇裂术后继发畸形的患者,在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术.结果术后随访1～3年,植骨区成活良好,鼻畸形较整形前明显改善,接近正常外形,效果满意.结论在行齿槽嵴植骨的同时,行彻底的鼻整形手术,能够取得满意的效果,并且节省了医疗费用,缩短了治疗时间.