低温快速成型亲水改性复合人工骨支架的性能测定

背景：低温快速成型技术具有支架成型可控性、保持材料生物学活性和易于实现支架材料的三维多孔立体结构等优势,被迅速用于骨组织工程支架的制备。 目的：采用低温快速成型制备聚乙二醇改性聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合支架,并检测其性能。 方法：采用低温快速成型设备分别制备聚乙二醇改性聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石与聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合支架,通过电镜观察支架超微结构,以介质(乙醇)浸泡法测定支架孔隙率,采用电子试验机检测支架力学性能;将两种支架材料分别与大鼠成骨细胞共培养,培养12 h采用沉淀法检测细胞黏附率,培养1,3,5,7,9,12 d采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖。 结果与结论：两组支架孔径均在理想范围内并具有较高孔隙率,但聚乙二醇改性聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石支架的孔径波动范围大,孔径均值较聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石支架小且部分有闭塞现象。聚乙二醇改性聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石支架的细胞黏附率及表面细胞增殖活性高于聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石支架(P < 0.05),力学性能低于聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石支架(P < 0.05)。表明聚乙二醇改性聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合支架具有良好的细胞相容性。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶修复膝关节软骨缺损的组织相容性

背景：将羟基磷灰石与聚乙烯醇水凝胶复合之后应用于软骨缺损修复中,可在软骨连接部位产生良好的生物活性,有效促进骨细胞的生长,提高植入材料的稳定性和生物活性。 目的：观察聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的组织相容性。 方法：取20只新西兰大白兔,随机分为空白对照组(n=6)与实验组(n=14),构建单侧膝关节软骨缺损模型,空白对照组不予以修复,实验组予以聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶修复。术后4,8,12周获取膝关节标本进行大体观察及组织学观察。 结果与结论：空白对照组关节软骨面在术后12周内始终未得到修复,软骨下缺损存在肉芽组织充填现象,组织学也未见明显修复。实验组术后4周可见聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶填充于缺损处,与周围软骨组织之间连接紧密,且存在清晰的界限,未出现细胞长入情况;至12周时,聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶呈白色、半透明状,表面平坦,与周围软骨组织之间存在清晰界限,两者交界面存在软骨细胞大量增殖现象,与周围组织发生紧密结合,二者之间无间隙,底部与软骨下骨紧密连接,并存在骨样组织长入。表明聚乙烯醇羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶修复兔膝关节软骨缺损具有良好的组织相容性。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物修复髌股关节软骨缺损

背景：传统的方法修复软骨损伤,易发生退变。聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物具有良好的生物相容性,可根据需要调节降解速度等性能,可能在修复软骨损伤方面具有应用前景。 目的：观察以聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物为载体修复兔关节软骨缺损的可行性。 方法：选取2月龄新西兰兔骨髓培养,诱导间充质干细胞向软骨细胞分化。第3代细胞与聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物共培养制成聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物-细胞复合物。建立兔髌股关节股骨髁部缺损模型,在右侧36个膝关节植入聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物-细胞复合物,左侧18膝植入聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物,另18膝造成缺损后留作空白对照。术后4,8,12,24,36,48周取材,行大体及组织学观察,组织学评分。 结果与结论：聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物-细胞复合物修复大鼠缺损后,软骨细胞分布较均一,色泽与正常软骨相似,与正常软骨界限消失,表面细胞平行于关节面,深层细胞排列紊乱,细胞呈团状,基质异染广泛,软骨下骨形成及潮线恢复正常,与周围正常软骨连接良好。而单纯植入聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物或缺损后未处理大鼠缺损边缘细胞呈团块状增生,底部为纤维组织。提示骨髓基质细胞源性软骨细胞是修复关节软骨缺损较理想的种子细胞,聚乳酸/聚羟基乙酸共聚物适合作为组织工程修复关节软骨缺损的支架材料,具有良好的应用前景。     

多孔丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合脂肪间充质干细胞修复兔关节软骨及软骨下骨缺损

背景：丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石是细胞立体培养的良好支架,是临床常用的骨缺损修复材料,具有良好的生物相容性。脂肪干细胞具有向骨及软骨细胞分化的潜能,适合骨软骨缺损修复。 目的：观察转化生长因子β1和胰岛素样生长因子1联合成软骨诱导脂肪干细胞与丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合后修复兔关节软骨及软骨下骨缺损的效果。 方法：取新西兰大白兔56只,2只用于传代培养脂肪间充质干细胞,以3×109 L-1浓度接种到丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石。其余54只新西兰大白兔,在股骨髁间制备软骨缺损模型,随机分为细胞复合材料组、单纯材料组和空白对照组,细胞复合材料组植入复合脂肪间充质干细胞的丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石;单纯材料组植入丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石;空白对照组不作任何植入。从大体、影像学、组织学观察比较缺损的修复情况。 结果与结论：12周时大体观察、CT、磁共振和组织学检查细胞材料复合组软骨及软骨下骨缺损区完全被软骨组织修复,修复组织与周围软骨色泽相近,支架材料基本吸收,未见明显退变和白细胞浸润,所有标本均未见丝素蛋白残留。单纯材料组缺损区缩小、部分修复,且呈纤维软骨样修复。空白对照组缺损无明显修复。提示复合脂肪间充质干细胞的丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石修复兔关节软骨及软骨下骨缺损能力优于单纯丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石材料。丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合脂肪间充质干细胞可形成透明软骨修复动物膝关节全层软骨缺损,重建关节的解剖结构和功能,可作为新型骨软骨组织工程支架。     

三维支架材料与脂肪干细胞的生物相容性

背景：构建组织工程化气管需要适合的三维支架。 目的：观察脂肪干细胞与聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物及聚三亚甲基碳酸酯共聚物支架的生物相容性。 方法：采用组织块法原代分离培养SD大鼠脂肪干细胞,行流式细胞术及多向分化能力鉴定。将脂肪干细胞分别种植于聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物和聚乳酸-乙醇酸-三亚甲基碳酸酯共聚物支架中,扫描电镜观察细胞与支架的生物相容性。 结果与结论：脂肪干细胞种植于两种支架材料后生长速度快,扫描电镜观察可见脂肪干细胞呈球型,并伸展形成伪足,贴附于支架材料,细胞间相互连接成团。说明聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物与聚三亚甲基碳酸酯共聚物支架均具有良好的生物相容性,无细胞毒性,其多孔的三维立体状结构适合脂肪干细胞黏附生长。     

聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物-磷酸三钙-骨形态发生蛋白2人工骨结合肌肉移植修复骨缺损

背景：大段骨缺损修复多以植骨为主,如果能将带血运的组织与人工骨同时植入,理论上更有利于新生组织血运建立及人工骨的爬行替代重建。 目的：观察聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物-磷酸三钙-骨形态发生蛋白2人工骨结合自体带血供自体肌肉移植修复大段骨缺损的效果。 方法：手术造成30 mm绵羊大段桡骨缺损,抽签随机分为3组：实验组植入聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物-磷酸三钙-骨形态发生蛋白2人工骨及自体带血运的屈指长肌,对照组仅植入聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物-磷酸三钙-骨形态发生蛋白2人工骨,空白对照组未植入任何材料。3组均以钢板固定骨缺损区,术后24周进行X射线检测及组织学观察。 结果与结论：实验组桡骨缺损处完全成骨修复,皮质骨与髓腔轮廓清晰,骨痂为较成熟板层骨;对照组骨缺损基本完全修复,但新生骨密度及髓腔轮廓清晰度及骨痂成熟度均不如实验组;空白对照组无有效骨痂形成,缺损区被大量纤维组织填充。说明聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物-磷酸三钙-骨形态发生蛋白2人工骨结合自体带血供肌肉移植能够很好修复绵羊桡骨30 mm的大段骨缺损。     

羟基磷灰石/聚乳酸及其共聚物复合生物材料

阐述了羟基磷灰石、聚乳酸和聚乙醇酸各自的结构性能特点;总结了两者通过复合有望得到具有良好力学性能、生物相容性、骨传导性的可降解羟基磷灰石/聚乳酸复合生物材料;最后展望了这类复合生物材料的发展方向.     

不同来源骨髓间充质干细胞的体内成软骨

背景：骨髓间充质干细胞经体外诱导后可修复软骨缺损,但目前采用的种子细胞多来源于自体或同种异体。 目的：观察同种异体及异种来源的骨髓间充质干细胞诱导成软骨后修复喉软骨缺损的效果。 方法：分别取人胚胎骨髓间充质干细胞和刚出生兔骨髓间充质干细胞的第3代细胞种植于聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物生物支架上,并加入转化生长因子β1和软骨形态发生蛋白诱导成软骨细胞。将两种细胞体系植入新西兰白兔体内,并于植入后4,8周取材行大体、组织学观察。 结果与结论：植入后4,8周人胚胎骨髓间充质干细胞和兔骨髓间充质干细胞均有新生组织填充,经组织学观察大部分为软骨细胞,分泌软骨细胞基质糖胺聚糖和Ⅱ型胶原,且两种细胞支架复合物所生成的软骨细胞数大致相同,并无明显的免疫排斥反应。提示异种来源的骨髓间充质干细胞复合聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物在转化生长因子β1和软骨形态发生蛋白联合诱导下所得的组织工程化软骨,与同种来源的骨髓间充质干细胞所获得的组织工程化软骨修复喉软骨缺损具有可比性。     

以羟基丁酸酯与羟基已酸酯共聚物为支架材料构建组织工程喉形态软骨

背景：再生预定形态组织工程软骨的研究为喉软骨病损的修复与重建提供了新思路与新方法。然而,由于喉软骨形态、部位与功能的特殊性,迄今在此领域软骨组织工程研究并未呈现出其应有的优势。目的：探讨带蒂肌筋膜组织瓣构建组织工程喉支架形态软骨方法,为肌筋膜瓣复合组织工程化软骨修复重建喉软骨支架功能提供实验依据。方法：采用溶剂浇铸、模压成形和颗粒滤沥方法制备喉支架形态聚羟基丁酸酯与聚羟基己酸酯共聚物聚羟基丁酸酯与聚羟基己酸酯共聚物聚羟基丁酸酯与聚羟基己酸酯共聚物生物材料塑形物,接种软骨细胞形成细胞-聚羟基丁酸酯与聚羟基己酸酯共聚物复合物,体外共同培养1周后用于体内植入。将新西兰白兔脊背部一侧骶棘肌及其筋膜制备肌筋膜组织瓣,采用筋膜衬里方法充填与包裹软骨细胞聚羟基丁酸酯与聚羟基己酸酯共聚物喉支架形态复合物,原位植入。将单纯聚羟基丁酸酯与聚羟基己酸酯共聚物喉支架体内植入的兔作为对照组。分别于术后6,12和18周取材,行大体形态观察、组织学和免疫组化检测评估喉支架形态组织工程化软骨成形与再生情况。结果与结论：制备的聚羟基丁酸酯与聚羟基己酸酯共聚物多孔生物材料塑形物呈中空半面喇叭状,形似喉支架形态,乙醇静态容积测定孔隙率>90%。筋膜衬里的带蒂肌筋膜组织瓣血运丰富,可有效充填与包裹喉支架形态塑形物。不同时间点均获取形态维持良好的喉支架形态组织工程软骨,组织学和免疫组化检测均证实体内植入6周即可形成软骨组织,12周及18软骨组织进一步成熟,而对照组体内植入未检测到软骨组织。结果证实,带蒂肌筋膜组织瓣可保障血运,采用筋膜衬里的肌筋膜组织瓣充填与包裹方法可构建喉支架形态组织工程软骨。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

复合他克莫司聚乳酸-乙醇酸缓释导管修复大鼠胫神经缺损

背景：虽然单纯聚乳酸-乙醇酸导管修复大鼠神经缺损可部分恢复大鼠神经功能,但神经直径、再生纤维数量、髓鞘成熟度及功能恢复上均较自体神经移植差。 目的：观察复合他克莫司的聚乳酸-乙醇酸缓释导管修复大鼠胫神经缺损的可行性。 方法：制作SD大鼠右侧胫神经缺损模型,随机分为3组,分别植入自体胫神经、单纯聚乳酸-乙醇酸导管及复合他克莫司的聚乳酸-乙醇酸缓释导管修复。植入后3,6,12周行坐骨神经功能指数检查、电生理检查、组织学观测、腓肠肌湿质量测量。 结果与结论：植入后第6,12周复合他克莫司的聚乳酸-乙醇酸缓释导管组、自体胫神经组坐骨神经功能指数检查、电生理检查、组织学观测、腓肠肌湿质量测量结果优于单纯聚乳酸-乙醇酸导管组(P < 0.05),自体胫神经组、复合他克莫司的聚乳酸-乙醇酸缓释导管组比较差异无显著性意义。说明复合他克莫司的聚乳酸-乙醇酸缓释导管桥接修复大鼠胫神经缺损可明显促进断端神经的再生,在晚期功能恢复上取得接近自体神经移植的效果。 关键词：聚乳酸-乙醇酸;他克莫司;神经导管;大鼠;坐骨神经 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.003     

骨髓间充质干细胞与多种支架材料复合效果的系统评价

背景：目前骨髓间充质干细胞多和不同生物支架材料复合修复骨缺损,但其效果尚缺乏系统性的评价。 目的：系统评价骨髓间充质干细胞与不同骨支架生物材料复合修复骨缺损的效果。 方法：检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学数据库(CBM)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)及万方数据库1990-01/2011-04有关骨髓间充质干细胞与不同骨支架生物材料复合修复骨缺损的文章,同时手检纳入研究的参考文献。对研究结果定性分析,进行生物材料复合种子细胞的全面总结。 结果与结论：从选取的有关生物材料复合骨髓间充质干细胞修复骨缺损的实验中,证实了骨髓间充质干细胞可以和多种生物材料,包括明胶海绵、聚乳酸-聚羟基乙酸共聚物多孔材料、羟基磷灰石、磷酸钙、珊瑚、藻酸盐、壳聚糖聚乳酸、硫酸钙、藻酸钙、左旋聚丙交酯、富血小板血浆有效复合,并可以向成骨细胞分化。提示骨髓间充质干细胞可以促进各种支架材料修复骨缺损的新骨成骨能力。     

局部定向抗结核药物缓释材料在兔桡骨内的释放及分布规律

BACKGROUND: Polylactic acid-glycolic acid polymer is a sustained-release material with relatively large drug loading and long-term release abilities that can degrade with cell growth in the body. However, its poor hydrophily easily leads to aseptic inflammation that is detrimental to the body’s recovery. OBJECTIVE: To study the release and distribution of anti-tuberculosis drug delivery materials locally oriented within the rabbit radius. METHODS: After modeling, 20 New Zealand white rabbits with distal radius bone defect were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, which were respectively given implantation of isoniazid-rifampicin polylactic acid-glycolic acid polymer/β-tricalcium phosphate material and isoniazid-rifampicin polylactic acid-glycolic acid polymer into the defect. Then, X-ray examination of the defect region was conducted at weeks 4, 8, 12 post implantation. Histological observation and detection of peripheral blood or local blood concentration were performed at week 12. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After implantation, Lane-Sandhu X-ray scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (P < 0.05). The defect in the experimental group was healed completely with less release residual among newborn bone trabeculae and osteocytes were markedly visible on the material surface, while in the control group, new bone tissues were interconnected with the surrounding bone tissues at the defect site, and less release residual was found. Both peripheral blood and local blood concentrations in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after implantation (P < 0.05). To conclude, the anti-tuberculosis drug delivery material, isoniazid-rifampicin polylactic acid-glycolic acid polymer/β-tricalcium phosphate, has ideal release effect that can stably deliver anti-tuberculosis drugs for a long term at a high bactericidal concentration.       

同种异体软骨细胞-聚羟基乙酸支架复合物修复甲状软骨缺损

BACKGROUND: Tissue-engineered bone can be obtained by the combination of chondrocytes and polyglycolic acid scaffold. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of allogeneic chondrocytes/polyglycolic acid scaffold compound in the repair of thyroid cartilage defects in rabbits. METHODS: Twenty New Zealand adult rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group with implantation of allogeneic chondrocytes/polyglycolic acid scaffold compound and control group with implantation of polyglycolic acid scaffold. Gross and histological observations were done at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Gross observation results: 4 weeks after surgery, cartilage defects in the experimental group were repaired certainly, and no necrosis appeared in the repair area; in the control group, the defects were filled with muscle and connective tissues. At 8 weeks after implantation, cartilage defects in the experimental group were further repaired, with unclear repair boundaries, and in the control group, cartilage defects were no repaired and showed a notable boundary with the surrounding normal cartilage tissues. (2) Immunohistochemical staining results: the expression of type II collagen in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05) at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. These findings indicate that the allogeneic chondrocytes/polyglycolic acid scaffold compound can promote the repair of thyroid cartilage defects in rabbits.     

羟基乙酸负载软骨细胞组织工程软骨修复喉软骨缺损

BACKGROUND: A three-dimensional biodegradable scaffold is important for tissue-engineered cartilage construction, and it that can provide conditions for cell attachment and proliferation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the treatment outcomes of glycolic acid loaded with chondrocytes in laryngeal cartilage repair. METHODS: Sixty New Zealand white rabbits were enrolled and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Laryngeal cartilage defect models were established in each group, followed by implanted with glycolic acid loaded with chondrocytes and glycolic acid, respectively. Gross and histological observations were conducted at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gross observation showed that at 4 weeks after implantation, a deep red wound with an obvious boundary was seen in the control group; the dark red and smooth defect parallel to the surrounding tissue was found in the experimental group. Toluidine blue staining revealed that at 8 weeks after implantation, the laryngeal defect site showed no obvious inflammation and cartilage collapse, with numerous newly-formed chondrocytes in the experimental group; in contrast, mild inflammation and cartilage collapse were found in the defect region of the control group, and few newly-formed chondrocytes appeared. The positive areas of glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen in the experimental group were significantly larger than those in the control group at 4 and 8 weeks after implantation (P < 0.05). These results indicate that glycolic acid loaded with chondrocytes contributes to the repair of laryngeal cartilage defects.     

地塞米松复合聚己内酯胶原支架材料的构建及性能评价

BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering scaffold materials have been widely used in all kinds of tissue and nerve repair, but there are many limitations and the effect is not good. OBJECTIVE: To construct a kind of tissue engineering scaffold material for the regeneration and repair of spinal cord injury. METHODS: The dexamethasonemicrospheres were prepared by emulsification-solvent evaporation. The comprehensive scores of encapsulation efficiency, drug-loading rate and yield were taken as the indexes. The effect of dosage of dexamethasone and polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer and mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol on formulation process of dexamethasone sustained-release microsphere was inspected by orthogonal experiment. The characterization of microspheres was observed by scanning electron microscope. The nanofiber scaffold of compound dexamethasone microspheres was prepared by taking collagen protein and polycaprolactone as raw materials using electrospinning technology. The mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were co-cultured with the scaffold for 3 days. Cell morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. Composite material was implanted into the defect of spinal cord in rats. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optimal preparation process of dexamethasone sustained-release microspheres: dosage of dexamethasone was 10 mg, dosage of poly lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer was 80%, mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol was 0.5%. Appearance of dexamethasone microspheres was smooth, with a round surface. The encapsulation efficiency, drug-loading rate and yield of microspheres were (2.26±0.03)%, (83.62±0.21)% and (90.87±2.45)% respectively. The growth of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was good on the surface of compound dexamethasone microspheres. There was no immunological reaction between the implant material and host, and the material was degraded gradually with time. These results demonstrate that the compound dexamethasone microsphere scaffold has good biocompatibility, which is a favorable kind of biological scaffold material.        

丝素蛋白-壳聚糖支架复合骨髓间充质干细胞体内构建组织工程化软骨的生物相容性

文题释义： 生物相容性：是指生命体组织对非活性材料产生的一种性能,一般是指材料与宿主之间的相容性,包括组织相容性和血液相容性。 检测相容性的方法：是将支架材料与种子细胞在体外共培养,检测支架毒性、细胞活性、细胞增殖及细胞与支架的黏附情况等指标,该方法具有客观性强、可重复性强、影响因素相对简单及敏感性高等特点。 背景：课题组前期的研究中发现,丝素蛋白-壳聚糖支架材料复合诱导后骨髓间充质干细胞在兔体内能修复缺损的软骨组织,但对于该组织工程化软骨组织的生物相容性还未进一步研究。 目的：研究丝素蛋白-壳聚糖支架材料复合骨髓间充质干细胞在体内构建组织工程化软骨的生物相容性。 方法：使用丝素蛋白-壳聚糖按1∶1比例混合制备三维支架材料,提取兔骨髓间充质干细胞,将诱导后的骨髓间充质干细胞与丝素蛋白-壳聚糖支架构建修复体,再将修复体移植到兔关节软骨缺损模型中修复软骨组织。实验分为3组,实验组植入诱导后骨髓间充质干细胞+丝素蛋白-壳聚糖支架,对照组植入丝素蛋白-壳聚糖支架干预,空白组未植入修复体。 结果与结论：①实验成功制备丝素蛋白-壳聚糖三维支架材料及提取骨髓间充质干细胞,并构建软骨缺损的修复体,将修复体植入兔体内能成功修复缺损的软骨组织;②建模后2,4,8,12周,3组血常规、降钙素原、血沉、C-反应蛋白结果提示无明显的全身感染征象,3组血常规及肝肾功能各时间段比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③一般观察、苏木精-伊红染色及扫描电镜观察：建模后12周,相比其他两组,实验组软骨缺损已修复,支架材料已吸收,修复组织周围未见炎性细胞,修复组织已正常组织整合良好;④结果证实,丝素蛋白-壳聚糖支架复合骨髓间充质干细胞在体内构建的组织工程化软骨具有良好的生物相容性。 ORCID: 0000-0002-8139-1175(佘荣峰) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

骨形态发生蛋白复合物结合CAD/CAM技术原位修复喉甲状软骨缺损

背景：临床修复喉甲状软骨缺损时使用一定的支架材料。骨形态发生蛋白具有成骨诱导活性,与其他形式的载体联合起来进行复合应用可以更好的发挥出其诱导成骨作用。联合使用计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造技术能提高修复效果。 目的：进一步验证骨形态发生蛋白复合物结合计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造技术在原位修复喉甲状软骨缺损中的应用效果。 方法：纳入18只新西兰大白兔,对动物喉部进行三维扫描,建立兔甲状软骨三维数字模型。利用泡沫凝胶注模法制备羟基磷灰石支架,再制备骨形态发生蛋白复合物。18只动物随机分为观察组和对照组。两组兔行一侧甲状软骨切除后,观察组植入珊瑚羟基磷灰石支架;对照组填充明胶海绵。处理后 4,8,12周,进行大体观察和评分;处理后12周,对动物行喉镜检查,喉组织常规切片后进行苏木精-伊红染色,进行组织学观察。 结果与结论：处理后12周,对照组兔的喉腔出现明显的变窄现象,且存在轻微充血;观察组喉腔黏膜光滑,且通畅、宽敞,未出现肉芽生长情况。处理后4,8,12周,两组喉甲状软骨评分均呈现出不断下降的情况,且不同时间点,观察组评分均显著低于对照组(均P < 0.05)。处理后12周,对照组未出现成熟骨细胞和软骨细胞的生成;观察组则可见植入材料完全降解,存在大量多核样组织细胞增生和吞噬,手术区域软骨母细胞出现增生现象,并伴有成软骨区域形成情况,另外还以观察到软骨骨质形成以及软骨细胞增生现象。结果表明,利用骨形态发生蛋白复合物结合计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造技术进行原位喉甲状软骨缺损修复可以获得良好的效果,实验过程中所使用的复合物具有良好的骨诱导作用以及组织相容性。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程      

同种异体和异种来源骨髓间充质干细胞诱导成软骨修复喉软骨缺损

BACKGROUND: Because chondrocytes have no regeneration ability, to select suitable seed cells is the primary problem to repair cartilage defects. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of allogeneic versus heterologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in repairing laryngeal cartilage defects after chondrogenic induction. METHODS: BMSCs from human and rabbits were isolated and cultured. Passage 3 cells were cultured in chondrogenic induction medium containing transforming transforming growth factor beta 1 and bone morphogenetic protein, and then were dropped onto a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold. Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups: blank control group, human BMSCs group, rabbit BMSCs group. Animal models of laryngeal cartilage defects were made in the three groups. After modeling, saline-soaked PLGA scaffold, PLAG scaffold with human BMSCs or with rabbit BMSCs were implanted respectively into the rabbits in the normal blank, human BMSCs and rabbit BMSCs groups. The expression of type II collagen in the larynx and its surrounding tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The animals in each group breathed normally with no presence of wheezing, and their eating and activity were good. Moreover, there was no purulency or infection in the three groups. At 4 and 8 weeks after operation, the positive rates of type II collagen in the two BMSCs groups were significantly higher than that in the blank control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between two BMSCs groups (P > 0.05). These results show that both allogeneic and heterologous BMSCs have good therapeutic effects on the repair of laryngeal cartilage defects in rabbits.