人胚胎生殖干细胞移植对大鼠心肌梗死的影响

目的:探讨直接注射移植人胚胎生殖干细胞对大鼠心肌梗死的影响.方法:缝扎SD大鼠左冠状动脉前降支,建立心肌梗死模型.取5～10周人胚胎生殖腺嵴,组织块体外培养,生物学鉴定为人胚胎生殖干细胞(hEG).将其直接注射于大鼠急性心肌梗死边缘.于移植后1 d、1、2、4周处死大鼠,免疫组织化学方法观察心肌特异转录因子GATA-4和抗人细胞核抗体MAB1281在移植细胞的表达.结果:免疫组织化学显示移植组MAB1281检测阳性,GATA-4在移植细胞阳性表达.结论:hEG细胞直接注射移植大鼠心肌梗死处,细胞能存活并呈现向心肌细胞分化的表现,显示出正常心肌细胞的光镜结构.     

人脂肪间充质干细胞对异种小鼠间皮肤移植的免疫调节作用

背景:皮肤移植是治疗大面积烧烫伤最有效的方法之一,如何有效抑制异体皮肤移植后的免疫排斥反应,是目前亟待解决的问题.目的:探讨人脂肪间充质干细胞对异种小鼠间皮肤移植免疫调节作用的影响.方法:取抽脂减肥术后人脂肪组织分离出人脂肪间充质干细胞并培养至第3代,将60只2-4 d龄ICR小鼠随机分为4组,取其皮肤移植至C57BL...     

Knockout血清替代品可提高C57BL/6J小鼠胚胎干细胞建系效率

目的:在培养液中添加knockout血清替代品(knockout serum replacement,KSR)代替胎牛血清(FBS)用于建立C57BL/6J小鼠胚胎干细胞(ESC)细胞系,以便消除血清中的不确定因子对ESC增殖的影响。方法:以C57BL/6J小鼠3.5 d的囊胚为材料分离ESC,比较KSR和FBS用于建立小鼠ESC细胞系的效率,并通过体内、外分化验证所分离获得的小鼠ESC的发育潜能。结果:培养液中添加KSR,成功从13个小鼠囊胚中分离获得一个ESC细胞系(MES-1),体外培养传代超过20代仍保持未分化状态,核型为正常XX型,碱性磷酸酶及oct-4基因高表达,悬浮培养可以生成拟胚体,接种到裸鼠皮下可形成畸胎瘤,注射到ICR小鼠3.5 d囊胚中,ESC可以参与胚胎发育并产生嵌合体小鼠。而培养液中添加FBS的对照组未能获得超过3代的ESC细胞系。结论:在培养液中添加KSR代替FBS适合于C57BL/6J小鼠ESC的分离与培养,从而可避免实验前对所用血清的筛选。     

胚胎干细胞联合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子移植对大鼠急性心肌梗死的影响

目的 探讨胚胎干细胞-D3株(ES-D3)联合碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)移植治疗大鼠急性心肌梗死,是否有利于心脏结构的恢复和心功能的改善.方法 Wistar大鼠40只随机均分成5组,分别为正常对照组(组1)、梗死未治疗组(组2)、培养基注射组(组3)、ES-D3移植组(组4)、ES-D3 bFGF移植组(组5).大鼠急性心肌梗死造模后1周移植体外分化并经标记的ES-D3,4周后进行心功能及组织学检测.结果 ES-D3体外能分化为心肌样细胞.梗死后4周检测表明,移植细胞在大鼠体内稳定存活.心功能及组织学检测表明,组2与组3大鼠无显著差异(P>0.05).与组2比较,组4和组5大鼠心肌梗死面积均显著减小,左心室重量减轻(P<0.01);毛细血管密度显著增高(P<0.01);左心室功能显著改善.结论 急性心肌梗死后移植ES-D3可以促进大鼠心血管新生、阻止心室重构、减少瘢痕面积、显著改善心功能,联合应用bFGF可进一步获益.     

胚胎干细胞移植治疗缺血性心脏疾病的研究进展

缺血性心脏疾病是威胁人类健康的头号杀手之一。冠状动脉阻塞引起心肌梗死,伴随心肌细胞大量死亡,损失的心肌细胞将被没有收缩功能的疤痕组织所替代,最终导致心力衰竭。近年来,移植外源性干细胞替代受损心肌的治疗策略得到人们越来越多的关注,并取得诸多进展。其中,胚胎干细胞具有无限增殖和多向分化的特点,在向心肌细胞分化、与宿主心肌细胞整合和心肌电信号传导方面具有优势,因此,在移植治疗心肌梗死方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而,胚胎干细胞最终应用于临床治疗晚期心脏疾病仍面临许多问题。本文就胚胎干细胞及其来源的细胞移植应用于缺血性心脏疾病治疗的研究进展作一综述。     

胚胎干细胞移植治疗急性心肌梗死后心肌病理形态学及血流动力学变化

目的：探讨胚胎干细胞(ESC)移植治疗急性心肌梗死(AMI)后心肌组织形态学及血液动力学变化。 方法： Wistar大鼠40只随机分为正常对照组、梗死未治疗组(梗死组)、梗死中心移植组(中心组)、梗死周边移植组(周边组)共4组。结扎冠状动脉左前降支制成心肌梗死模型，梗死后1周移植体外分化并经标记的ESCs，移植后4周分别检测组织形态及血流动力学指标的改变。 结果： 移植后4周，周边组移植细胞稳定存活，而中心组移植细胞未能存活。心功能及组织学检测表明中心组与梗死组无显著差异(P＞0.05)；与梗死组比较，周边组梗死面积显著小于梗死组(P＜0.01)，(21.0±1.3)% vs (40.7±2.2)%；左室重量小于梗死组(P＜0.01)，(702.0±24.0)mg vs (882.2±32.6)mg；反映左室收缩功能的指标+dp/dtmax和LVSP均大于梗死组(P＜0.01)，分别为 (7.9±0.7)×103mmHg/s vs (5.9±0.5)×103 mmHg/s和(117.5±10.7) mmHg vs (89.2±8.1) mmHg；而LVEDP均明显小于梗死组(P＜0.01)，(8.5±0.3)mmHg vs (13.6±1.2)mmHg。 结论： 急性心肌梗死后于梗死周边区移植ESCs可以阻止心室重构、减少瘢痕面积、改善心功能。     

汉坦病毒感染C57BL/6小鼠组织中特异性抗原的检测

目的通过检测汉坦病毒感染C57BL/6小鼠组织中特异性病毒抗原,以建立汉坦病毒感染动物的评价体系。方法将汉坦病毒陈株按照原病毒液、10-1、10-2三个滴度经肌肉注射感染C57BL/6小鼠,在感染后的第3、6、9、12、15天,分别取小鼠的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、脑等组织研磨后制成病毒悬液,以ELISA法检测各组织中的病毒特异性抗原。结果 C57BL/6小鼠感染汉坦病毒后短期内在其肝脏和脾脏可以检测到特异性抗原,随着时间的延长,这些抗原逐步消失。结论上述结果为建立汉坦病毒感染动物的评价体系提供了一种参考。     

人脐带间充质干细胞移植治疗系统性红斑狼疮

背景：系统性红斑狼疮是一种以多器官或多系统病变和血清中出现多种自身抗体为特征的自身免疫性疾病,目前缺乏有效的治疗方案,而理论上间充质干细胞可用于治疗系统性红斑狼疮。目的：观察人脐带间充质干细胞移植治疗系统性红斑狼疮小鼠的疗效。方法：分离培养人脐带间充质干细胞,并用深红色荧光DiR标记细胞。实验小鼠分5组：正常对照组(C57BL小鼠),模型对照组(C57BL/lpr小鼠),低、中、高剂量脐带间充质干细胞治疗组(C57BL/lpr小鼠),每组10只。各治疗组通过尾静脉注射低、中、高剂量(2×10⁶,1×10⁶,0.5×10⁶个)脐带间充质干细胞,每周1次,连续3周,治疗结束采血测抗核抗体、抗组蛋白抗体、抗双链DNA抗体变化,定量PCR检测OPG和Foxp3基因表达的变化。结果与结论：细胞移植3次后,外周血抗核抗体、抗组蛋白抗体、抗双链DNA抗体均明显下降,CD4⁺CD25⁺T细胞明显升高,OPG和Foxp3基因表达也明显升高,接近正常对照组,与模型对照组相比差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.01)。结果表明人脐带间充质干细胞能使C57BL/lpr小鼠的各项相关指标恢复到C57BL正常鼠水平,以高剂量治疗组效果最明显。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

缺血预适应现象对急性心肌梗死临床及预后的影响

目的探讨心肌缺血预适应(IP)对急性心肌梗死临床及预后的影响. 方法对84例急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者按心肌梗死前有无心绞痛分为IP、P两组,对比分析. 结果 IP组心肌梗死范围、心肌酶峰值、心律失常、住院死亡率均低于P组,而梗死后心绞痛的发生率却高于P组. 结论心肌缺血预适应的作用可限制梗死面积扩大,维护梗死后的心功能,减少心律失常发生率.     

C57BL/6小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞生物学特性及饲养层制备

背景：昆明小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞是目前最常用的饲养层细胞,C57BL/6小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞作为饲养层的研究鲜有报道。目的：体外分离和培养C57BL/6小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞,制备饲养层,力求扩大小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞的来源。方法：用不同浓度胰蛋白酶分步消化法体外分离和培养C57BL/6小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞,观察其生物学特性,研究其生长规律,并制备小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞饲养层,检测干细胞在所制备饲养层上的生长状态。结果与结论：不同浓度胰蛋白酶分步消化法制备的C57BL/6小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞生长状态好,获得的成纤维细胞数量多,增殖活跃。在细胞冻存后1,2周、1,3,6个月内复苏的细胞存活率差异无显著性意义。C57BL/6小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞在第2-5代增殖旺盛,第6代以后细胞增殖出现明显下降。种植到培养皿上的C57BL/6小鼠饲养层细胞在种植后3 d内活力高,种植4 d以后细胞活力急剧下降。所以C57BL/6小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞来源的饲养层的最佳使用时间为灭活后3 d内,C57BL/6小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞饲养层和昆明小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞饲养层一样,能很好地支持胚胎干细胞及诱导多能干细胞生长。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程全文链接：     

PTEN基因沉默骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗急性心肌梗死

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for myocardial infarction becomes popularized in recent years, but transplanted cells cannot survive and proliferate under early inflammatory reaction or local ischemia/hypoxia microenvironment, eventually hampering the therapeutic outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effect of PTEN-silenced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on acute myocardial infarction. METHODS:(1) Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to receive no treatment, NCsiRNA transfection using Lipofectamin2000 or PTEN siRNA transfection using Lipofectamin2000. Cell growth curves were described using MTT method to detect cell cycle using flow cytometry. (2) Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to prepare myocardial infarction models that were randomized into three groups (n=10 per group): blank control, negative control and RNAi group. Six hours after modeling, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with nothing, NCsiRNA and PTEN siRNA were respectively injected into the infarcted center of the left ventricular anterior wall in these three rat groups. After 4 weeks, all rats were subjected to cardiac function detection using echocardiography, and the survival and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the rats were observed by fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the other two groups, a significant increase in the absorbance values at different culture time, the proportion of cells in S+G2 phase, and the number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the myocardial tissue was found in the RNAi group (all P < 0.05). Additionally, the left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular shortening fraction were significantly reduced in the RNAi group than the blank control and negative control groups at 4 weeks after cell transplantation (P < 0.05). Both in vivo and in vitro experimental findings showed that PTEN silencing could effectively improve cell survival and proliferation in the infarcted myocardium. Moreover, in the in vivo experiment, an overt improvement in rat’s cardiac function was achieved.      

小鼠胚胎干细胞移植治疗骨质疏松症

背景：骨质疏松症的药物治疗效果不佳,干细胞移植治疗成为热点。 目的：探讨胚胎干细胞移植治疗雌激素缺乏致骨质疏松症的疗效。 方法：雌性健康C57BL/6小鼠30只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、治疗组,每组10只。建立卵巢摘除术后骨质疏松症模型,治疗组造模后1 d通过小鼠尾静脉注射胚胎干细胞,其他两组不进行任何干预。治疗10 h采用流式细胞仪检测T淋巴细胞凋亡程度,治疗后3 d运用ELISA测定小鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子α水平,治疗1个月利用micro-CT扫描检测小鼠股骨骨小梁数量和骨密度。 结果与结论：模型组股骨骨小梁数量及骨密度较假手术组均有一定程度的降低,血清肿瘤坏死因子α水平较假手术组升高。通过尾静脉注射胚胎干细胞后,治疗组股骨骨小梁数量及骨体积分数有一定的提高,肿瘤坏死因子α表达水平降低,T淋巴细胞凋亡数量增多,与模型组相比差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。说明胚胎干细胞治疗骨质疏松症有一定的效果,可能是通过其免疫调控能力发挥作用的。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

同种异体骨髓间充质干细胞移植在心肌梗死后心室重建中的作用

BACKGROUND:Myocardial infarction leads to ischemic changes in the myocardium, triggering the emergence of ventricular remodeling, which is an important cause of death. Myocardial infarction is a common disease in the middle-aged and elderly population, but autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from these patients exhibit a weak ability of proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, a positive attempt of allogeneic stem cell transplantation is required in order to obtain better therapeutic outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.   METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from 10 neonatal rats and 10 adult rats were isolated, cultured and identified. Another 40 rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n=10/group): model group, neonatal rat cell transplantation group, adult rat cell transplantation group, or sham group. Animal models of myocardial infarction were made in rats in the all groups except for the sham group in which the rats were given sham operation. Rats in the two cell transplantation groups were given the corresponding cell transplantation. Four weeks postoperatively, heart function of rats was detected in each group, and cardiac tissues were taken to detect changes in collagen formation and blood vessel density in the infarct area. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four weeks after surgery, rats in the model group showed significant changes in cardiac function indexes as compared with the other groups (P < 0.05), while compared with the model group, these cardiac function indexes improved in both two cell transplantation groups, but there was no significant difference between the two cell transplantation groups (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the model group, significantly decreased collagen formation and increased blood vessel density were found in both two cell transplantation groups (P < 0.05). Additionally, the vascular density of the infarct area was highest in the sham group (P < 0.05). Experimental results show that both neonatal and adult rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can improve cardiac function of rats, reduce the formation of collagen in the infarct area and delay ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植脑梗死大鼠：神经功能恢复与突触素的表达

BACKGROUND:Synaptophysin plays an important role in the recovery of neural function after cerebral ischemia. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on nervous function and expression of synaptophysin after cerebral infarction. METHODS:Totally 60 rats were equivalently randomized into four groups, including sham operation, control, model and stem cell treatment groups. Rats in the control, model and stem cell treatment groups were used for preparing cerebral infarction models, and the remaining underwent the sham operation. After 1 day of modeling, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into the rat lateral ventricle in the stem cell treatment group, and rats in the control group was given the injection of the same amount of PBS. After 1, 7 and 14 days of treatment, rat’s neurological function was scored on beam-walking test, rotarod test and screen test, and expression of synaptophysin was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 7 and 14 days after treatment, the beam-walking test, rotarod test and screen test scores in the stem cell treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control and model groups (P < 0.05), and the above scores showed no significant differences between the control group and model group (P > 0.05). At 1 day after treatment, the mRNA expression of synaptophysin and the number of synaptophysin-positive cells in the sham operation group were significantly higher than those in the other three groups (P < 0.05); at 7 and 14 days after treatment, the mRNA expression of synaptophysin and the number of synaptophysin-positive cells in the stem cell treatment group were significantly increased compared with the other three groups (P < 0.05), and additionally, the mRNA expression of synaptophysin and the number of synaptophysin-positive cells in the sham operation group were significantly lower than those in the model and control groups (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can effectively promote the recovery of neurological function in cerebral infarction rats, and partially promote the formation of synaptophysin.     

内源骨髓间充质干细胞在心肌梗死后的迁移、归巢与分化

背景：目前的大多数研究主要集中在移植外源干细胞来源的心肌细胞对受损心肌进行修复与再生,而有关内源干细胞迁移、归巢及分化的研究比较少。 目的：观察内源骨髓间充质干细胞在心肌梗死后迁移、归巢以及分化情况。 方法：成年雌性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为2组：心肌梗死组(n=4)小鼠建立骨髓重建模型,于骨髓重建4周后行冠状动脉左前降支结扎术建立急性心肌梗死模型,1周后处死;对照组(n=3)小鼠进行单纯骨髓重建,于骨髓重建4周后处死。取心脏组织,采用免疫荧光染色检测心肌特异性蛋白Troponin Ⅰ的表达,观察心肌梗死后表达绿色荧光蛋白的骨髓间充质干细胞在心肌组织中的分布、分化情况。 结果与结论：骨髓重建小鼠心肌梗死组与对照组均可见到发绿色荧光的骨髓间充质干细胞,心肌梗死组骨髓间充质干细胞数量比对照组明显增多。两组切片均可见部分骨髓间充质干细胞呈GFP、Troponin Ⅰ和PI三阳性,心肌梗死组三阳性的细胞比对照组明显增多,表明心肌梗死后内源骨髓间充质干细胞能迁移、归巢到受损的心肌组织并获得心肌分化表型。     

人胚胎干细胞向内皮细胞的分化诱导

BACKGROUND:Human embryonic stem cells exhibit self-renewal and multi-differentiation potential, and can differentiate into endothelial cells under certain induction conditions. OBJECTIVE:To explore induced conditions of the human embryonic stem cells differentiating into endothelial cells and to investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factors on the endothelial differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. METHODS:After resuscitation, passage 40 human embryonic stem cell lines H9 were subjected to suspension culture to prepare embryos, and after 5-day culture, these cells were cultured in attachment medium to differentiate into embryoid bodies, followed by induction with 50 µg/L vascular endothelial growth factors. Passage 2 and 15 embryonic stem cells after induced differentiation were taken for Dil-Ac-LDL uptake test and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 1-day culture, cord-like or polygonal monolayer cells around embryoid bodies showed bud-like and radial growth with a relative rapid speed merging into surrounding colonies; at 2-3 days, the number of suspension cells increased further, but the small-round cells in the center began to die; at 5 days, embryoid bodies started to passage, and aggregated cells exhibited typical paving stone-like appearance. Moreover, some human embryonic cells after induced differentiation could actively take up fluorescent labeled LDL, and red fluorescent particles appeared. Additionally, passage 15 embryonic stem cells after induced differentiation could express CD31 and FLK-1. These findings suggest that human embryonic stem cells induced by vascular endothelial growth factors can differentiate into endothelial cells.     

瑞舒伐他汀联合脐血间充质干细胞移植改善急性心肌梗死后心功能

BACKGROUND:In recent years, it has been a hot topic that stem cell transplantation is used to improve cardiac insufficiency after acute myocardial infarction by inducing regeneration of cardiomyocytes in the infarction regions. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of rosuvastatin combined with umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on rat cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction. METHODS:Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled to prepare myocardial infarction models by ligaturing the left anterior descending coronary artery. Then they were equivalently divided into model group, transplantation group and combination group. At 7 days after modeling, rats in the combination group were given injection of 300 μL umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells (15.0×10⁸) via the tail vein and by gavage once a day for 28 days with 1 mg/kg rosuvastatin; rats in the transplantation group and model group were injected with 300 μL umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell suspension through the tail veins or the same amount of LG-DMEM medium, respectively, followed by intragastrical administration of the same amount normal saline. At 5 weeks after modeling, indexes of cardiac function, level of plasma Lp-PLA2 and heat shock protein 70 in the infarction regions were detected by color Doppler ultrasound, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot assay, respectively. In addition, pathological changes of myocardial tissues were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular end-systolic pressure were significantly higher in the combination group than in the transplantation group as well as higher in the transplantation group than the model group (P < 0.05); compared with the transplantation group, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was significantly decreased in the combination group, but significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.05); the number of cardiomyocytes in the infarction regions was significantly higher in the combination group than the other groups. Additionally, expression of heat shock protein 70 in the infarction regions was significantly increased in the combination group (P < 0.05). To conclude, rosuvastatin combined with umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can significantly improve rat cardiac function after myocardial infarction.     

糖原合成酶激酶3β过表达心肌干细胞移植治疗心肌梗死

BACKGROUND:The mechanism and effect of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in the differentiation of cardiac stem cells into cardiomyocytes are still unclear, although GSK-3β is closely related to the life activities of cells. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the changes of GSK-3β expression in the treatment of myocardial infarction in rats undergoing cardiac stem cell transplantation. METHODS:The isolation and culture of cardiac stem cells were performed in 10 neonatal rats. Lentivirus overexpressing GSK-3β or LacZ (control) was constructed and transferred into cardiac stem cells. Animal model of myocardial infarction was made in 30 Sprague-Dawley rats. Six weeks after model preparation, rat models were assigned into GSK-3β, LacZ or PBS group. GSK-3β or LacZ overexpressing cardiac stem cell solution or PBS in equal volume was injected into the rat myocardium, respectively. Four weeks after transplantation, the cardiac function and myocardial collagen production in rats were detected and compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the other two groups, the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher, and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter was significantly lower in the GSK-3β group (P < 0.05). Hydroxyproline content, type I collagen mRNA, and type III collagen mRNA expression were significantly lower in the GSK-3β group than the other two groups (P < 0.05). Findings from Masson staining showed that the content of blue-stained collagen was significantly lower in the GSK-3β group than the LacZ group. Moreover, lowest myocardial infarction size was found in the GSK-3β group (P < 0.05). All these experimental findings show that GSK-3 overexpression plays a positive role in promoting the therapeutic effect of cardiac stem cell transplantation.     

胚胎体外培养及胚胎干细胞系的建立

背景：人类胚胎干细胞体外建系成功,对人类胚胎发育机制和发育生物学研究、细胞和组织移植治疗某些疾病等领域都有重大意义。目的：综述近年来关于胚胎体外培养及建立胚胎干细胞系的研究进展,重点探讨胚胎体外培养影响因素、人废弃胚胎培养分离内细胞团建立胚胎干细胞系的方法及建立胚胎干细胞系的条件。方法：以“胚胎(embryo),胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell),共培养(co culture),序贯培养(sequential culture)”为检索词,由第一作者检索2000至2014年CNKI数据库和SCI数据库,获取有关胚胎体外培养、移植及胚胎干细胞建系的相关文献,并进行系统评价,最终保留58篇文献进行分析。结果与结论：胚胎体外培养条件是影响胚胎移植结局的重要因素,其中包括培养液的成分和培养体系。在过去的研究过程中,培养液的构成及应用已经发生了很大的变化,培养体系也从单一培养发展到共培养、序贯培养。伦理问题及胚胎来源的限制束缚着人胚胎干细胞系的建立,利用临床废弃的低质量的胚胎可作为建立人胚胎干细胞系的材料来源之一,有效的缓解了建立人胚胎干细胞系过程中胚胎缺乏的问题,并减少其中的伦理学纷争。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

肿瘤坏死因子α预处理脐血间充质干细胞移植治疗心肌梗死

文章快速阅读：文题释义： 心肌缺血：是指心脏的血液灌注减少,导致心脏的供氧减少,心肌能量代谢不正常,不能支持心脏正常工作的一种病理状态。血压降低、主动脉供血减少、冠状动脉阻塞,可直接导致心脏供血减少;心瓣膜病、血黏度变化、心肌本身病变也会使心脏供血减少,心肌缺血对心脏和全身可能带来许多危害。目前针对这种疾病治疗主要的作用机制包括：降低心肌耗氧量,提高耐缺氧能力,清除自由基、抗氧化作用,调节血栓素A 2/前列环素,调节一氧化氮细胞内皮素1、抑制肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素的释放等。 脐血间充质干细胞移植：移植成功最主要的障碍为移植后只有少量脐血间充质干细胞移植至心肌内并存活,因此提高脐血间充质干细胞向心肌内迁移和定植及其存活率对治疗效果具有重要意义。移植前对脐血间充质干细胞进行肿瘤坏死因子α预处理,发现肿瘤坏死因子α预处理胎儿脐血间充质干细胞移植治疗大白兔缺血性心脏病可以改善心脏功能、减少心肌梗死面积和心肌纤维化面积。 摘要 背景：心肌缺血损伤后,心肌细胞释放大量炎症递质作为对心肌损伤的应答,梗死及缺血区的炎症因子有助于心肌组织对损伤的修复和适应。 目的：探讨肿瘤坏死因子α预处理脐血间充质干细胞移植治疗对心肌梗死兔心功能的效果。 方法：将36只大白兔随机等分为4组,假手术组、模型组、无肿瘤坏死因子α组和肿瘤坏死因子α组,后3组建立心肌梗死模型。造模后24 h,模型组、无肿瘤坏死因子α组和肿瘤坏死因子α组分别在梗死中心区及边缘注射PBS、未经肿瘤坏死因子α预处理的脐血间充质干细胞及经肿瘤坏死因子α预处理的脐血间充质干细胞。 结果与结论：与模型组相比,肿瘤坏死因子α组和无肿瘤坏死因子α组兔心脏功能明显恢复,心肌梗死面积及心肌纤维化面积明显减小;且肿瘤坏死因子α组的效果优于无肿瘤坏死因子α组。表明肿瘤坏死因子α预处理胎儿脐血间充质干细胞移植能有效治疗心肌梗死。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程 ORCID: 0000-0002-4513-3726(王巍)