针刺“带脉”穴对代谢综合征大鼠体质量、血糖和脂代谢的影响

目的:观察针刺"带脉"对代谢综合征大鼠的治疗作用。方法:45只雄性SD大鼠,随机分为空白组15只给基础饲料,造模组30只给予高脂高糖饲料喂养12周。造模成功后,将造模组分为模型组与治疗组,各9只,继续高脂高糖饲料喂养;治疗组取双侧"带脉"穴并给予电针刺激,每次20min,1次/日,连续治疗4周。治疗结束后,测定各组空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素(FINS)及血脂含量,血脂包括甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。结果:模型组大鼠体质量、腹围、FBG、FINS、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、TG、TC、LDL-C均高于空白组(P0.01),HDL-C低于空白组(P0.05);治疗组大鼠体质量、FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR、TG、TC、LDL-C较模型组明显下降(P0.05,P0.01),腹围、HDL-C与模型组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:针刺"带脉"可以改善代谢综合征大鼠胰岛素抵抗,减轻体质量,调节血脂,降低血糖,起到有效的治疗作用。     

黄连解毒汤对胰岛素抵抗大鼠瘦素和抵抗素的影响

目的 探讨黄连解毒汤对胰岛素抵抗大鼠脂质代谢、瘦素和抵抗素的影响。方法观察黄连解毒汤对实验性胰岛素抵抗大鼠的血脂[甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、载脂蛋白A1（apoAI）、载脂蛋白B（apoB）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）]、骨骼肌组织甘油三酯（mTG）、糖耐量（OGTT）、空腹血糖（FB6）、血清胰岛素（INS）及体重的变化,用ELISA方法检测血清瘦素和抵抗素的含量。结果 与模型组比较,黄连解毒汤组大鼠血清TC、TG、apoB、FFA、mTG及FBG水平均明显降低,而HDL-C与apoA1水平显著升高,OGTT改善,大鼠体重减轻,瘦素和抵抗素明显降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论 黄连解毒汤能调节胰岛素抵抗大鼠脂质代谢,同时能降低瘦素和抵抗素的水平,这可能与其改善胰岛索抵抗有关。     

复方全蚕粉胶囊对2型糖尿病大鼠糖、脂代谢的影响

目的:观察复方全蚕粉胶囊对2型糖尿病大鼠糖、脂代谢的影响。方法:采用高脂饲料喂养加小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)ip SD大鼠复制实验性2型糖尿病模型,按血糖值将模型大鼠随机分、模型组、复方全蚕粉胶囊低、中、高剂量组(0.5,1.0,2.0 g.kg-1)、阿卡波糖组(3 mg.kg-1),另设正常对照组。给药6周后测定各组大鼠空腹血糖(FPG)、血清胰岛素(FINS)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),并计算胰岛素抵抗指数(Home-IR)。结果:与模型组比较,复方全蚕粉胶囊各剂量组可使FPG,TC,TG,LDL-C和MDA显著降低,而HDL-C和SOD显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),能有效地改善高胰岛素血症状态。结论:复方全蚕粉胶囊能有效调节2型糖尿病大鼠糖、脂代谢紊乱,改善外周组织对胰岛素的敏感性,从而减轻2型糖尿病大鼠的胰岛素抵抗。     

Antidiabetic and Anti-oxidative Effects of Honokiol on Diabetic Rats Induced by High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin

Objective To study the antidiabetic and anti-oxidative effects of honokiol(Hon)in Magnolia officinalis and its underlying molecular mechanism in diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet(HFD)and streptozotocin(STZ).Methods After ig administration with Hon[25,50,and 100 mg/(kg·d)]to diabetic rats for consecutive 10 weeks,the levels of blood glucose(BG),oral glucose tolerance(OGT),blood lipids including total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C),and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),hepatic oxidative stress including the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),methane dicarboxylic aldehyde(MDA),and cytochrome P4502E1(CYP2E1)in diabetic rats were measured.Results Compared to the diabetic control rats,ig administration of Hon resulted in significant decrease in BG,TC,TG,and LDL-C levels in serum,as well as hepatic CYP2E1 activity and MDA content in diabetic rats,whereas the level of OGT and activities of hepatic CAT,SOD,and GSH-Px in diabetic rats were significantly increased.Conclusion Hon could alleviate hyperglycemia,hyperlipemia,hepatic oxidative damage,and insulin resistance in diabetic rats by inhibiting hepatic CYP2E1 activity.     

降糖消脂片对胰岛素抵抗大鼠的实验研究

目的： 探讨降糖消脂片改善胰岛素抵抗（insulin resistance,IR）及降脂的作用。方法： 采用高脂饲料喂养Wistar大鼠1个月,建立IR大鼠模型。70只大鼠分为模型对照组、阳性药吡格咧酮组5 mg·kg^-1、阳性药辛伐他汀组4 mg·kg^-1、降糖消脂片剂量分别为生药8,4,2 g·kg^-1,10只/组,连续灌胃给药（ig） 2个月,同时继续高脂饲料喂养,普通饲料组为正常对照组。分批进行高胰岛素-正葡萄糖钳夹实验（正糖钳实验）。实验结束后,取血测定总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）等指标。取肝和胰腺称重,计算脏器指数,并作病理切片,观察其形态变化。结果： 模型组葡萄糖输注率（GIR）明显低于正常组,显示模型组大鼠存在明显的IR;降糖消脂片高、中剂量组的GIR比模型组明显增加,IR明显改善;降糖消脂片各剂量组TG下降极其明显;高剂量组TC比模型组明显降低、HDL-C明显增高、LDL-C明显降低;降糖消脂片各剂量组SOD明显升高、MDA明显降低;高剂量组肝脏指数与模型组比较有所下降。降糖消脂片各剂量组肝脏、胰腺的病理变化有不同程度的减轻。结论： 降糖消脂片具有明显的改善IR及降脂作用。     

电针对肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗及肿瘤坏死因子α的影响

目的:观察针刺对肥胖大鼠体重、血糖、胰岛素含量、脂肪组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的影响。方法:随机挑选10只普通饲料喂养为正常组。另一组80只高脂致肥饲料喂养,将造模成功的肥胖大鼠30只随机分为肥胖模型组和针刺组,每组各15只。采用实时定量PCR技术测定肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)基因表达水平,酶联免疫测定法测定血清中胰岛素(insu lin)的含量,生化比色法测定血清葡萄糖含量。结果:针刺治疗组体重、血糖、血清胰岛素、脂肪组织中TNF-α水平均较模型组有不同程度的降低,胰岛素敏感指数有所提高。结论:针刺可以改善肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗和糖代谢紊乱状态。     

Effects of Danqidihuang Granules on glucolipid metabolism in insulin-resistant rats

Objective

To explore whether the insulin resistance (IR) model could be established through feeding Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats high-sugar and high-fat diets and to further observe the preventive and treatment effects of different doses of Danqidihuang Granules in rats.

Methods

Thirty-two SD rats were divided randomly into control group A (given regular feed), model group B (food high in sugar and fat), intervention group C (food high in sugar and fat as well as regular doses of Danqidihuang Granules), and intervention group D (food high in sugar and fat as well as double doses of Danqidihuang Granules). The interventions were for 8 weeks. Motion, change in color, body weight, and food intake, as well as plasma lipids (including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINs) levels, insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and insulin resistance index (HOMO-IR) were observed.

Results

At the end of the second week of the experiment, the appetite and activities of rats in groups B, C and D decreased significantly compared with group A. The fur of the rats in those three groups was curly. After the fourth week, the activities, food intake and color of rats in group B were worse than those in groups C and D, but there were no significant differences in weight (P>0.05). Compared with group A, LDL-C, TC, FBG and HOMO-IR in model group B were increased significantly (P<0.05), whereas the FINs and ISI increased obviously (P<0.05). The levels of LDL-C and TC in group D was decreased obviously compared with those in group C, and HOMO-IR in group D was less than that in group B (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Danqidihuang Granules helped to prevent and improved the insulin resistance of rats.     

Effect of sugar-free Qishan granules on glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in a rat model of prediabetes

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Qishan granules(TCM Qishan) on glucose and lipid metabolism, plasma adiponectin, and insulin resistance(IR) in a rat model of prediabetes.METHODS: A prediabetic rat model was established by high-fat diet-feeding. Sugar-free Qishan granules, rosiglitazone, or no treatment were then administered for 10 weeks, after which body mass,fasting blood glucose(FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG), hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),fasting insulin(FINS), 2-h postprandial insulin(2hINS), plasma adiponectin(APN), plasma lipids,and free fatty acids(FFA), and liver pathology, were assessed.RESULTS: The mean mass of the rats treated with various doses of TCM Qishan was significantly lower(P 0.01) than that of the prediabetic control rats, and that of the rats treated with a high dose of TCM Qishan was significantly lower(P 0.01) than that of those treated with rosiglitazone. Metabolic indexes and IR were similarly improved by TCM Qishan and rosiglitazone treatment, with FBG, 2hPG,HbA1c, FINS, 2hINS, plasma triglyceride(TG), and FFA levels being significantly lower(P 0.01), and APN concentration being significantly higher, in both of these treatment groups, than those of the prediabetic control group. The plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations of the treatment groups were also significantly lower(P 0.05 and P 0.01, respectively)than those of the prediabetic control group, but there were no significant differences in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations. A high dose of TCM Qishan was slightly more effective than rosiglitazone at reducing TG concentration.The prediabetic control rats demonstrated severe hepatic steatosis, and the high dose of TCM Qishan significantly ameliorated this.CONCLUSION: TCM Qishan significantly reduces weight gain, ameliorates defects in glucose and lipid metabolism, and increases insulin sensitivity and plasma APN concentration in prediabetic rats. The effect of TCM Qishan on body mass was superior to that of rosiglitazone, and its other effects were of similar magnitude.     

豹皮樟总黄酮降低2型糖尿病大鼠血糖的可能机制研究

目的探讨豹皮樟总黄酮降低2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠血糖的可能机制。方法 T2DM大鼠给予豹皮樟总黄酮(total flavonoids of litsea coreana,TFLC,400mg/kg)或阳性对照药二甲双胍(MET,400mg/kg)灌胃治疗6周。各组大鼠空腹血清作常规生化指标测定,肝脏作HE染色和透射电镜观察;肝匀浆作丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)分析;RT-PCR检测大鼠肝脏中蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B,PTP1B)的表达。结果糖尿病大鼠经TFLC或MET治疗后葡萄糖耐量明显改善,空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、胰岛素(FINS)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)显著下降,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)明显增加,肝匀浆MDA含量下降,SOD活性升高,2个治疗组的各指标之间差异无统计学意义。光镜下T2DM组肝脏有明显的脂肪变性,电镜下肝脏线粒体肿胀,内质网断裂,TFLC组和MET组均有不同程度的改善。T2DM组肝脏中PTP1B的表达明显升高,TFLC组PTP1B表达显著降低,MET组PTP1B的表达无明显改变。结论 TFLC可明显降低血糖和血脂,减轻肝脏组织的氧化应激,其改善胰岛素抵抗,可能与其降低T2DM大鼠肝脏中PTP1B的表达,增强胰岛素信号通路有关。     

大黄酸对糖尿病肥胖大鼠脂肪组织抵抗素基因表达及血浆游离脂肪酸水平的影响

目的:探讨大黄酸对糖尿病肥胖大鼠脂肪组织抵抗素mRNA表达及血浆游离脂肪酸的影响。进而验证大黄酸具有改善胰岛素抵抗(IR)的作用。方法:采用小剂量链脲佐菌素加高脂饲料诱导的方法模拟糖尿病肥胖大鼠的模型。成模大鼠随机分为模型组、吡咯列酮组和大黄酸组。空白组与模型组分别予生理盐水(10ml.kg-1.d-1)灌胃,吡咯列酮组予吡咯列酮(10mg.kg-1.d-1),大黄酸组予大黄酸(100mg.kg-1.d-1)分别灌胃8周。测定大鼠附睾脂肪垫抵抗素的基因表达、血浆游离脂肪酸(FFA)及血脂水平。结果:与模型组相比,大黄酸与吡咯列酮具有相似的下调脂肪组织抵抗素的表达,使FFA、TC、TG、LDL明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:大黄酸能降低糖尿病肥胖大鼠脂肪组织抵抗素表达,降低血浆游离脂肪酸。这可能是大黄酸改善胰岛素抵抗的机制之一。     

益气除湿活血汤对肥胖大鼠糖、脂代谢的影响

目的:研究中药益气除湿活血汤对肥胖大鼠糖、脂代谢的影响及其分子机制。方法:40只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、肥胖组、肥胖+益气汤组和肥胖+二甲双胍组,每组各10只。以高脂、高糖饲料喂养大鼠12周制备肥胖大鼠模型,对照组大鼠给予基础饲料喂养。肥胖+益气汤组、肥胖+二甲双胍组和肥胖组动物分别给予8周益气除湿活血汤、二甲双胍、生理盐水灌胃处理。测定动物体质量并计算Lee′s指数,取血测定空腹血糖(FBG)及血胆固醇和三酰甘油浓度、胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和脂联素水平。结果:与对照组大鼠相比较,肥胖组大鼠体质量、Lee′s指数、FBG、总胆固醇、三酰甘油和IRI均显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),血清脂联素明显降低(P<0.01),TNF-α明显升高(P<0.01)。与肥胖组大鼠相比较,肥胖+二甲双胍组大鼠体质量、Lee′s指数、FBG和IRI明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),脂联素水平明显升高(P<0.05);肥胖+益气汤组大鼠体质量、Lee′s指数、FBG、IRI、总胆固醇和三酰甘油明显降低(P<0.05)外,血清TNF-α明显降低,脂联素明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:益气除湿活血汤可改善肥胖大鼠糖、脂代谢紊乱和胰岛素抵抗,此作用可能通过升高血脂联素、降低TNF-α所实现。     

Anti-diabetic activity and potential mechanism of total flavonoids of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring in rats induced by high fat diet and low dose STZ

Aim of the study

To evaluate the anti-diabetic effects of the total flavonoids of Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring (TFST), and to explore the pertinent mechanism.

Materials and methods

High fat diet and STZ (35 mg/kg) induced diabetic rats were administered with TFST at graded oral doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day, ig.) for 8 weeks. A range of parameters, including blood glucose and lipid, serum insulin and glucagon, glucose tolerance, were tested to evaluate its anti-diabetic effects. The determination of protein expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in adipose tissue and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) in hepatic and skeletal muscle tissues was used to study the mechanism of TFST. Moreover, the preliminary study of TFST on the antioxidant activity was performed.

Results

The TFST possessed anti-diabetic activities as shown by the decreased serum levels of fast blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobulin A1C (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acid (FFA), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and glucagon, as well as increased serum levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), insulin and C-peptide. TFST also improved the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to a certain degree. Furthermore, TFST increased the protein expression of PPAR-γ in adipose tissue, and increased the protein expressions of IRS-1 in hepatic and skeletal muscle tissues. These benefits were associated with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum.

Conclusions

TFST exert beneficial effects on hyperglycosemia and hyperlipoidemia in diabetic rats possibly through regulating the levers of PPAR-γ in adipose tissue and IRS-1 in hepatic and skeletal muscle tissues.     

葛根芩连汤治疗糖尿病骨质疏松大鼠的效果及机制

目的:研究葛根芩连汤治疗糖尿病性骨质疏松大鼠的效果及机制。方法:雌性SD大鼠60只,随机均分为3组。对照组20只无处理,余40只腹腔注射链脲佐菌素35 mg/kg,建立大鼠糖尿病模型。葛根芩连汤组:按生药量10 g/kg葛根芩连汤灌胃,模型组同法以0.9% NaCl灌胃,持续灌胃12周。行大鼠空腹胰岛素水平(Fins)、空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)及素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)检测。RT-PCR、Western Blot检测椎体BMP-2/Smad表达变化,进一步行骨密度、骨钙含量及生物力学性能测定及HE染色。结果:模型组素HOMA-IR,FBG水平较对照组均升高,Fins及ISI降低(P<0.05)。葛根芩连汤组大鼠HOMA-IR,FBG水平与模型组比较降低,Fins及ISI均升高(P<0.05)。模型组大鼠椎体BMP-2、Smad1、Smad4基因和蛋白的表达较对照组降低(P<0.05)。葛根芩连汤组大鼠椎体BMP-2、Smad1、Smad4基因和蛋白较模型组升高(P<0.05)。模型组大鼠骨密度、骨钙含量、极限载荷、极限应力和弹性模量较对照组降低(P<0.05);葛根芩连汤组大鼠骨密度、骨钙含量、极限载荷、极限应力和弹性模量与模型组比较升高(P<0.05),HE染色示葛根芩连汤治疗后大鼠骨质疏松减轻。结论:葛根芩连汤在降低DOP大鼠血糖水平,减轻胰岛素抵抗,通过调高BMP-2/Smad通路发挥治疗大鼠DOP的作用。     

调脂降糖片对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的干预作用

目的观察调脂降糖片对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)的干预作用。方法采用一次性腹腔注射小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)30mg/kg体重配合高脂饲料喂养建立2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗大鼠模型。用调脂降糖片干预治疗,以二甲双胍片作为阳性对照。8周后采用血糖钳技术检测大鼠葡萄糖输注率(GIR),测定大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、血清游离脂肪酸(FFAs)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),并计算高密度脂蛋白胆固醇/总胆固醇比值(HDL-C/ TC)、胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)。对大鼠的胰岛素敏感性和脂代谢情况进行评估。结果与模型对照组相比,调脂降糖片治疗后大鼠TC、TG、HDL-C/TC、FINS、FFAs显著下降,而ISI、GIR明显增加,其作用与二甲双胍片基本相似。结论调脂降糖片能够增加2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素敏感性,并改善糖、脂代谢异常。     

银杏叶提取物对2型糖尿病大鼠骨骼肌GLUT4 mRNA表达的影响

 目的通过观察银杏叶提取物(ginkgo biloba extract,EGB)对2型糖尿病大鼠模型骨骼肌中葡萄糖转运因子4(GLUT4)的mRNA表达的影响,研究EGB对2型糖尿病的改善作用及探讨其机制。方法以高脂高糖饮食加链脲佐菌素制作2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗大鼠模型,观察EGB对大鼠葡萄糖耐量(oral glucose tolerance test,OGTT)、血胰岛素含量(serum insulin, INS)以及计算胰岛素抵抗指数(insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR),运用RT-PCR方法检测大鼠模型骨骼肌中GLUT4的mRNA表达。结果EGB可明显改善糖尿病大鼠的OGTT,降低INS,增加大鼠模型骨骼肌中GLUT4的mRNA表达,使HOMA-IR降低。结论EGB具有较好的降血糖、降胰岛素、改善胰岛素抵抗、防治糖尿病及其并发症的作用。     

桑叶提取物调控IRS-1/PI3K/GLUT4通路影响2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗机制研究

目的:提取桑叶中的黄酮类及多酚类物质,观察其对2型糖尿病(T2DM)模型大鼠降血糖及改善胰岛素抵抗(IR的作用,并探讨其分子机制。方法:取雄性SD大鼠,分为正常组、模型组、二甲双胍组、桑叶提取物组,除正常组以外建立T2DM模型,灌胃干预4周,观察药物对模型大鼠一般情况、生化指标、骨骼肌病理等的影响。测定胰岛素受体底物-1 (IRS-1)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)中的p85α、葡萄糖转运体-4 (GLUT4)在骨骼肌组织中的信使核糖核酸(mRNA)及蛋白表达水平。结果:与正常组比较,模型组空腹血糖(FBG)、IR稳态模型指数(HOMA-IR)、血清胰岛素、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白水平升高(P<0.05);IRS-1、PI3K p85α、GLUT4的mRNA及蛋白表达明显下降(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,桑叶提取物组FBG、HOMA-IR、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白水平下降(P<0.05);IRS-1、PI3K p85α、GLUT4的mRNA及蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05);二甲双胍组FBG有所下降,但差异无统计学意义,血清胰岛素及HOMA-...     

葛根螺旋藻颗粒对实验性2型糖尿病大鼠血糖和血脂的影响

目的：观察葛根螺旋藻颗粒对实验性2型糖尿病大鼠糖代谢和脂代谢紊乱的影响。方法：采用SD大鼠喂饲高脂饲料4周后,一次性腹腔注射链脲佐菌素复制2型糖尿病动物模型。葛根螺旋藻颗粒以0.3、0.6、1.2g/kg的剂量灌胃给药,给药4周后检测空腹血糖、胰岛素和血脂水平。结果：与模型组比较,葛根螺旋藻颗粒高剂量组空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹血清胰岛素（FIns）、胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和游离脂肪酸（FFA）显著降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;中剂量组FBG、TG、TC、LDL-C和FFA均显著降低（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,ISI有升高趋势。结论：葛根螺旋藻颗粒对实验性2型糖尿病大鼠模型有降低血糖,调节血脂,改善糖脂代谢紊乱的作用。     

葛根素对胰岛素抵抗大鼠骨骼肌中GSK-3表达的影响

目的观察葛根素对高脂高糖饮食诱导的胰岛素抵抗模型大鼠骨骼肌中糖原合成酶激酶-3(GSK-3)表达的影响.方法将30只Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和葛根素组,每组10只.模型组和葛根素组均喂以高糖高脂饲料,4周后葛根素组大鼠给予100mg/kg葛根素腹腔注射,连续6周.定期检测其体重、血甘油三酯和胆固醇、空腹血糖和胰岛素水平,并计算胰岛素敏感指数.实验结束后采用Western blot法检测各组大鼠骨骼肌中GSK-3的含量.结果模型组大鼠骨骼肌中GSK-3的含量较正常组增高70.20%(P＜0.01),给予葛根素治疗6周后,大鼠骨骼肌中GSK-3的含量较模型组减少26.54%(P＜0.01),较正常组增高25.02%(P＜0.05).结论葛根素可降低胰岛素抵抗大鼠骨骼肌细胞GSK-3蛋白表达水平,从而加强葡萄糖的摄取和利用,改善胰岛素抵抗.     

蒲公英水提取物对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的作用研究

目的观察蒲公英水提取物对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗的影响,并探讨其改善胰岛素抵抗的作用机制。方法用高脂高糖饮食联合小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗模型。将成模大鼠随机分为模型组,蒲公英水提取物高、中、低剂量组及吡格列酮组,并设正常组作对照。蒲公英水提取物高、中、低剂量组分别灌胃500、250、125 mg·kg^-1蒲公英水提取物稀释液,吡格列酮组灌胃3.15 mg·kg^-1吡格列酮溶液,正常组及模型组灌胃等体积生理盐水,每日1次,连续4周。观察大鼠一般状态及测定体质量;测定大鼠空腹血糖(FBG),行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)并计算血糖曲线下面积(AUC);测定大鼠血清胰岛素(FINS)并计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)及胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI);测定大鼠血清白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及肝脏组织IkB激酶β(IKK-β)、核因子κB(NF-κB)mRNA表达;HE染色观察大鼠胰岛形态;免疫组化染色观察大鼠胰岛β细胞数目及胰岛素表达。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠多饮、多食、多尿现象明显,精神不振、活动减少,体质量下降明显(P<0.01);FBG、OGTT各时间点血糖、AUC均明显升高(P<0.01);FINS、IRI明显升高(P<0.01),ISI明显降低(P<0.01);IL-6、TNF-α、IKK-β、NF-κB均明显增加(P<0.01);HE染色胰岛形态不规则,边界模糊,胰岛细胞数目明显减少;免疫组化染色胰岛β细胞数目及胰岛素表达均明显减少。与模型组比较,蒲公英水提取物高、中剂量组大鼠的多饮、多食、多尿现象及精神状态明显改善,体质量增加明显(P<0.01,P<0.05);FBG、OGTT各时间点血糖及AUC均明显降低(P<0.01,P<0.05);FINS、IRI明显降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),ISI明显升高(P<0.01);IL-6、TNF-α、IKK-β、NF-κB均明显减少(P<0.01,P<0.05);HE染色胰岛形态及胰岛细胞数目改善明显,以高剂量组为佳;免疫组化染色胰岛β细胞数目及胰岛素表达明显增加,以高剂量组为佳。结论蒲公英水提取物可以有效改善2型糖尿病大鼠的胰岛素抵抗,以高剂量为佳,其机制可能与下调IKK-β/NF-κB信号通路中IKK-β、NF-κB的表达,减少炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α的生成有关。     

黄芪注射液对高果糖饮食诱导的大鼠胰岛素抵抗和氧化应激的影响

目的:探讨黄芪注射液对高果糖饮食大鼠胰岛素抵抗和氧化应激的抑制作用.方法:SD大鼠经高果糖饲料喂养4周后,随机分为模型组,黄芪注射液高、低剂量(相当于生药量ip 5,2.5 g·kg-1)组、罗格列酮(3 mg·kg-1,ig)组,连续给药4周,继续给予高果糖饲料4周.同时设立正常组,普通饲料喂养.测定体重、空腹血糖、血浆胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、氧化应激指标.结果:模型组体重与正常组无明显区别;空腹血糖、血浆胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗指数、丙二醛(MDA)含量明显高于正常组(P＜0.05);过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著低于正常组(P＜0.05).与模型组相比,黄芪注射液组、罗格列酮组空腹血糖、血浆胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗指数、MDA含量降低,CAT,SOD,GSH-Px活性升高,高剂量组与模型组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:黄芪注射液可减轻高果糖饮食所引起的胰岛素抵抗及氧化应激.