双眼多焦点人工晶状体ReSTOR植入术后视功能观察

目的 通过比较植入单、多焦人工晶状体(IOL)术后双眼视功能情况,以了解国人植入多焦点IOL的有效性及安全性.方法 选择年龄相关性白内障患者43例,按患者意愿植入多焦点或单焦点IOL.单焦点人工晶状体(MoIOL)组:双眼植入AcrysofNatural25例50只眼.多焦点人工晶状体(MIOL)组:双眼植入AcrysofReSTOR 18例36只眼.观察两组组患者术后双眼裸眼远视力(UCDVA)、裸眼近视力(UCNVA)、最佳矫正远视力(BCDVA)、最佳矫正近视力(BCNVA)、远矫正下的近视力(DCNVA),中间距离视力(40、60、80cm),对比敏感度(CS),视觉症状.结果 MIOL组UCNVA、DCNVA、中间距离视力均优于单焦点人工晶状体MoIOL组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组之间,CS无明显差异.MIOL组术后视觉症状较轻,脱镜率80%,患者满意度高.结论 双眼植入MIOL能提供更好的近、中距离视力,视觉症状轻,更好地提高白内障患者术后生活质量.     

高度近视合并白内障植入Symfony与ZMB00 IOL视觉质量比较

目的：对比高度近视合并白内障患者植入tecnis Symfony人工晶状体(IOL)与tecnis ZMB00多焦点IOL的术后视觉质量。

方法：采用前瞻性非随机对照研究,纳入2020-06/2021-07在包头医学院第一附属医院行超声乳化吸除联合IOL植入术的高度近视合并白内障患者。依据患者所选IOL不同,分为Symfony组32例32眼和ZMB00组31例31眼。术后随访3mo,主要观察指标：比较术后1、3mo等效球镜,裸眼、最佳矫正远视力(5m),裸眼、最佳矫正远视力下中(80、60cm)、近(33cm)距离视力,术后3mo离焦曲线、对比敏感度、IOL偏心量及倾斜度。次要指标：术后3mo残余散光耐受度(90°、180°轴位,正、负柱镜)、视觉质量问卷。

结果：术后1、3mo两组裸眼、最佳矫正远视力、等效球镜比较均无差异(P>0.05),Symfony组裸眼、最佳矫正远视力下中视力优于ZMB00组,ZMB00组裸眼、最佳矫正远视力下近视力高于Symfony组(均P<0.05)。术后3mo Symfony组在+1.0～-3.0D跨度上,离焦曲线形成缓慢下降的平台期、视力优于0.3LogMAR,且在-1.0～-2.5D跨度上优于ZMB00组(均P<0.05); ZMB00组离焦曲线呈双峰状、在0、-3.00D上为波峰,-3.0～-3.5D跨度上优于Symfony组(P<0.05)。暗环境空间频率(3、6、12、18c/d)对比敏感度(CS),Symfony组优于ZMB00组(均P<0.05)。术后3mo两组IOL偏心量、倾斜度及视觉质量评分比较均无差异(P>0.05)。残余散光耐受度ZMB00组在+0.75D和-1.00D,Symfony组在+1.00D和-1.50D上表现出不适及视力低于0.3LogMAR(均P<0.05)。术后两组均不同程度出现眩光、光晕等不适,但随时间的推移症状大部分适应或消失。

结论：在高度近视合并白内障术后,两种IOL都有良好的囊袋稳定性及居中性,均能提供优秀的视觉质量。Symfony IOL可提供有效的连续视程、中视力更有优势、近视力表现略有不足,而ZMB00 IOL更适合对近距离视力有高要求者,Symfony IOL表现出更好的术后残余散光耐受度。     

高度近视白内障植入非球面与球面IOL视觉质量观察

目的：观察高度近视合并白内障植入非球面与球面人工晶状体术后视觉质量。

方法：回顾性分析高度近视合并白内障患者42眼,其中植入非球面IOL(Alcon SN60WF)22眼,植入球面IOL(Alcon SN60AT)20眼,所有病例术后裸眼视力均>0.2,术后6mo对视力、表观调节力、对比敏感度等视功能检查。

结果：术后6mo非球面IOL和球面IOL两组的矫正远视力、矫正远视力后的近视力、表观调节力比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),在暗视及暗视眩光状态下,低、中空间频率非球面IOL组CS和GCS优于球面IOL组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在高频区、明视及明视眩光状态下两组间CS和GCS差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：高度近视合并白内障患者非球面IOL植入术后CS和GCS优于球面IOL植入术后,可以改善视觉质量。     

两种TECNIS多焦点人工晶状体不同组合方式植入术后视力对比

目的：对比双眼均植入Tecnis Symfony ZXR00(ZXR00)、双眼分别植入ZXR00和Tecnis ZMB00(ZMB00)以及双眼均植入ZMB00患者术后视力、视觉质量及患者满意度。

方法：回顾性病例对照研究。收集2020-08/2021-12行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体(IOL)植入的白内障患者117例(234眼),根据IOL不同分为三组：37例(74眼)双眼植入ZMB00为MM组; 44例(88眼)双眼分别植入ZXR00和ZMB00为MR组; 36例(72眼)双眼均植入ZXR00为RR组。观察三组患者术后3 mo裸眼远视力(UDVA,5 m)、裸眼中视力(UIVA,80 cm)、裸眼近视力(UNVA,40 cm)、矫正远视力(CDVA)、离焦曲线、立体视及VF-14、QoV视觉质量评分表问卷调查。

结果：MM和MR组UNVA优于RR组(P<0.05); 而MM组与MR组不具有统计学差异。RR组UIVA最优。三组的UDVA、CDVA和立体视均不具有统计学意义(P>0.05)。 术后3 mo时MR、MM、RR组40 cm近立体视锐度分别为107.27±80.53、105.67±83.79、108.69±97.66(20-400)弧秒(P>0.05)。MR、MM、RR组的满意度均达到90%以上。

结论：三组术后均具有良好的远、中、近视力和双眼近立体视。其中,MR组具有更优异的全程视力。三组患者术后满意度均较高,可以根据患者的不同需求选择合适的多焦点人工晶状体。     

飞秒激光辅助超乳联合Toric IOL植入术矫正高度近视白内障合并角膜规则散光

目的:通过飞秒激光技术,量化撕囊口直径,测量高度近视白内障合并角膜散光患者术后远、中、近视力,近立体视功能等指标,评估Toric IOL在高度近视的可行性及必要性。方法:前瞻性病例对照研究。选择我院双眼高度近视白内障合并角膜规则散光,并双眼均接受飞秒激光辅助白内障手术的患者,按人工晶状体不同分为两组：A组：Toric IOL组20例40眼,B组：IQ IOL组20例40眼。对比两组患者术前角膜散光、等效球镜及术后7d, 1、3mo最佳矫正远视力、裸眼中视力、近视力、实际残留散光、近立体视锐度、全眼高阶像差、全眼球差等指标。结果:高度近视白内障合并角膜散光患者植入Toric IOL,较IQ组,显著改善了术后7d, 1、3mo裸眼中、近视力,Titmus近立体视锐度及残留散光度(均P<0.05),减少了术后对眼镜的依赖程度;而术后7d, 1、3mo两组最佳矫正远视力、全眼高阶像差及全眼球差无差异(均P>0.05)。结论:高度近视白内障合并角膜散光患者植入Toric IOL,能有效矫正角膜规则散光,提高术后裸眼中、近视力及近立体视功能,减少高度近视患者术后对眼镜的依赖程度,提升双...     

三种不同IOL植入术后短期的视力和视觉干扰现象及脱镜率的对比

目的：对比分析单眼植入三焦点、多焦点及连续视程人工晶状体(IOL)术后短期的视力、视觉干扰现象及脱镜率。方法：回顾性分析2019-03/2022-12行超声乳化白内障吸除联合IOL植入术的白内障患者67例67眼。35例35眼植入Symfony连续视程IOL； 21例21眼植入AcrySof IQ ReSTOR+3D多焦点IOL； 11例11眼植入AcrySof IQ PanOptix三焦点IOL。记录术前及术后3 mo裸眼远视力(UDVA)、中视力(UIVA)、近视力(UNVA)，术后3 mo离焦曲线、视觉干扰现象及脱镜率。结果：术后3 mo，三组间UDVA无差异(P&#x003E;0.05)； Symfony组及PanOptix组UIVA优于ReSTOR组(均P&#x003C;0.01)； ReSTOR组及PanOptix组UNVA优于Symfony组(均P&#x003C;0.01)。离焦曲线显示，在中视力区间(-1.00--1.50 D)，Symfony组视力优于ReSTOR组(P&#x003C;0.05)； 在近视力区间(-2.50--3.50 D)，ReSTOR组视力优于Symfony组(P&#x003C;0.05)； PanOptix组在近视力区间(-2.00--3.50 D)的视力优于Symfony组(P&#x003C;0.05)，同时在中视力区间(-1.00--2.00 D)的视力优于ReSTOR组(P&#x003C;0.05)。三组间眩光或光晕的发生率及双眼相互干扰现象发生率均无差异(P&#x003E;0.05)。PanOptix组和ReSTOR组脱镜率比Symfony组高(P&#x003C;0.0167)。结论：与Symfony连续视程IOL和ReSTOR多焦点IOL相比，PanOptix三焦点IOL能够兼顾远中近视力，眩光和光晕发生率不高，脱镜率较高； 单眼植入老视矫正型IOL仍需慎重。     

单眼和双眼三焦点IOL植入术后视觉相关生活质量的比较

目的:对比分析双眼三焦点IOL(AT LISA tri 839MP IOL)植入与一眼植入AT LISA tri 839MP IOL而另一眼植入非球面单焦点IOL患者术后视觉相关生活质量。方法:前瞻性临床研究。收集2018-05/2019-08在我院行白内障超声乳化联合三焦点AT LISA tri 839MP IOL植入的患者45例,按是否双眼植入AT LISA tri 839MP IOL分为两组,双眼植入者24例纳入双眼三焦点组;一眼植入AT LISA tri 839MP IOL而另一眼植入非球面单焦点IOL者21例纳入单眼三焦点组。术后3mo,检测两组患者裸眼视力及等效球镜度,并通过中国版视功能指数量表(VF-14-CN)评价视觉相关生活质量,评估日常生活脱镜率及满意度。结果:术后3mo,双眼三焦点组和单眼三焦点组患者双眼裸眼远、中、近视力均无明显差异(P>0.05),两组患者VF-14-CN问卷得分(96.2±0.50、92.43±1.32分)、日常生活脱镜率(96%、90%)及患者主观满意度(96%、95%)均无差异(P>0.05)。结论:双眼植入AT LISA tri 839MP IOL和一眼植入AT LISA tri 839MP IOL而另一眼植入非球面单焦点IOL的患者术后均具有良好的双眼裸眼远、中、近视力,术后视觉相关生活质量、脱镜率、满意度无明显差异。对一眼不适合植入三焦点IOL或既往一眼已植入非球面单焦点IOL的患者,可考虑另一眼行三焦点IOL植入以满足患者双眼全程视力的要求。     

连续视程IOL植入术后患者主观视觉质量及阅读能力的临床观察

目的:比较双眼及单眼植入Tecnis Symfony连续视程人工晶状体(IOL)术后患者主观视觉质量、阅读流畅性及术后满意度的差异.方法:对我院48例71眼行白内障超声乳化吸除联合IOL植入术的患者进行回顾性分析,根据植入IOL类型不同分为2组,其中23例46眼双眼植入Symfony IOL为双眼组,25例25眼一眼植...     

Tecnis Z9000人工晶状体植入术后的视功能改变

目的:评价非球面人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)TecnisZ9000对提高年龄相关性白内障患者术后视功能的作用。方法:选取年龄相关性白内障患者34例36眼,其中18眼为Tecnis Z9000组,18眼为传统球面人工晶状体组。检查术后3mo最佳矫正远视力,不同亮度环境及有、无散瞳条件下的对比敏感度(contrast sensitivity,CS)。结果:手术后3mo最佳矫正远视力Tecnis Z9000组为0.89±0.17,球面人工晶状体组为0.76±0.16,两组差异有显著性(P<0.05)。正常瞳孔下,两组晶状体在不同空间频率(1.5,3,6,12,18c/d)、不同照明条件下CS无显著差别。散瞳后Tecnis组亮环境(亮度为85cd/m2)下的12,18c/dCS及暗环境(亮度为3cd/m2)下1.5,3c/dCS均分别与同条件下的球面人工晶状体组比较差异有显著性。结论:白内障术后早期,Tecnis Z9000可提高最佳矫正远视力和对比敏感度,改善术眼视功能。     

个性化多焦点人工晶状体植入术的初步临床研究

目的 探讨超声乳化白内障吸除联合双眼分别植入衍射型与折射型多焦点人工晶状体(MIOL)术后的视觉质量,评价CustomMatch个性化搭配模式的可行性.方法 前瞻性研究.将年龄相笑性白内障患者分为MIOL组与单焦点人工晶状体(SIOL)组符10例,行超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体(IOL)植入术.MIOL组为主视眼植入ReZoom NXGl IOL,对侧眼植入Tecnis ZM900 IOL;SIOL组为同期双眼植入Sensar AR40e IOL.观察患者术后不同光照条件下的远、中、近距离视力、阅读视力和阅读速度、焦点深度以及问卷调查.采用析因设计的方差分析,两两比较采用ISD检验.结果 术后1个月观察发现,在100 cd/m~2和6 cd/m~2光照度下,MIOL组患者可获得满意的双眼裸眼远视力和最佳矫正远视力.100 cd/m~2时,MIOL组在40 cm、63 am和100 cm的裸眼视力均在0.63以上,显著高于SIOL组(P=0.000);6 cd/m~2时,MIOL组在100 cm时的双眼裸眼视力与SIOL组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.360),在63 cm和40 cm时显著高于SIOL组(P=0.000).在明、暗光线下MIOL组患者的裸眼阅读视力和阅读速度显著高于SIOL组(P=0.000,0.000),与SIOL组矫正后的阅读能力比较,差异没有统计学意义.MIOL组的焦点深度可达5.5D,其在中、近距离工作和阅读时的脱镜率可达70%(7/10).结论 CustomMatch个性化搭配模式在一定范围内可给白内障术后患者提供良好的全程视力.     

Assessment of visual acuity by evoked potential recording: Ambiguity caused by temporal dependence of spatial frequency selectivity

The spatial-frequency selectivity of pattern evoked potentials depends on the stimulus repetition rate: responses to low spatial frequencies are emphasized by stimulating at 16–20 Hz, while responses to high spatial frequencies are emphasized at 5–8 Hz. These findings are consistent with the suggestion that pattern EP's are a mixture of pattern responses and responses to local flicker. To a first approximation the “local flicker” responses resemble EP's produced by flickering a light similar to the patterned stimulis in all respects except for absence of pattern. Any developmental changes in the temporal tuning of pattern responses and/or local flicker responses might distort the results of studies in which pattern EP's have been used as an index of either (a) the development of visual acuity or (b) acuity changes due to visual deprivation. Methods of minimizing this problem are suggested.     

Habitual vs optimal distance visual acuity

PURPOSE: The maintenance of a good level of vision is desirable for developmental and social reasons; it is also a requirement that should not be overlooked in the clinical research environment. This study set out to quantify and analyse any difference between 'habitual' (pre-sight test) and 'optimal' (post-refraction) distance visual acuity in an optometric population. It is intended that the outcome of this work will inform not only clinicians but also those undertaking vision research. METHODS: Binocular logMAR visual acuity was determined at 6 m before and after optometric intervention in patients attending optometric practice for a routine sight test. Cases were recorded seriatim but restricted to the 'core' refraction range representative of typical optometric practice; three further exemption criteria included subject illiteracy, the necessity for a non-standard test distance and contact lens wear. Over a 12-month period, two-thirds of patients examined satisfied the study inclusion criteria; it is the clinical data of these 1288 individuals that are described and analysed here. RESULTS: These data provide a quantitative demonstration that an optometric intervention will most likely improve the habitual distance visual acuity of subjects, irrespective of gender, age group, time interval since last test, refractive status and whether or not the subject is a habitual spectacle wearer. The improvement found was typically within one logMAR chart line (<5 letters), being greatest in spectacle-wearing teenagers and in individuals beyond retirement age (increasing to eight letters in elderly habitual non-spectacle wearers); also in non-wearers who left an interval of 2 years or more between sight tests. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical and laboratory-based investigators are advised that a current and optimal refractive correction should be worn by subjects of all ages enrolled in vision-related studies. Refractive defocus may introduce or exaggerate test outcome variability.     

弱视眼的激光干涉条纹视力测定与研究

测定了４２名（６１眼）斜视性／屈光参差性／屈光不正性弱视少儿的激光干涉条纹视力（Ｌａｓｅｒｉｎｔｅｒ－ｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｆｒｉｎｇｓｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙＩＶＡ）并与其Ｅ字母视力表视力（ＥＶＡ）作了比较和分析，弱视眼的ＩＶＡ多数高于ＥＶＡ（５９．２６～８６．３６％），相当一部分弱视眼（１３．６４～２２．２２％）的ＩＶＡ低于ＥＶＡ，０．００～１８．５２％的弱视眼ＩＶＡ等于ＥＶＡ。作者从视觉通道的角度讨     

A Review of Strategies for Screening of the Visual Fields

: Some strategies for rapid investigation of the visual fields are reviewed. Those aspects considered are the testing of central and peripheral fields, the pattern and density of sampling the visual field with static stimuli and the most suitable stimulus intensity at which to begin the screening of each subject. Some of the design features of 10 visual field screeners and 3 automated perimeters are tabulated to indicate the importance of control of perimetric variables and how strategies for screening have developed from earlier to later designs.     

Visual function and visual perception in cerebral palsied children

PURPOSE: To investigate visual function and perception in cerebral palsied (CP) children. METHODS: A total of 105 congenitally CP children (aged 6-15 years), without severe mental retardation, were classified into three groups: those with spastic quadriplegia, spastic diplegia and spastic hemiplegia. Data collected included patient history, IQ, refraction, far and near visual acuity, position of the eyes and eye movements, visual fields, colour perception, stereoacuity, slit lamp and fundoscopic examinations, and evaluation of visual perception. The results were compared with a control group from the general paediatric population. RESULTS: The IQ of the CP children ranged between 70 and 100. A total of 59% of them had best corrected distance visual acuity <6/6, with 25.5% <6/9. Near visual acuity was also reduced (70.1% scored <6/6 and 38.4% scored <6/9). Incidence of refractive errors was higher than in the control group (hypermetropia in 43.8% of the eyes, myopia 16.19% and astigmatism 40.9%) as was the incidence of strabismus (26.7% esotropic and 27.6% exotropic). In visual field testing, 80.95% of CP children were normal. A total of 94.28% had normal colour perception and 89.52% were free of ocular pathology. Stereopsis was abnormal or absent in 85.71% of the cases. Visual perception was markedly reduced: in 57.14% of the cases it was less than or equal to that of 6-year-old children; in 26.66% equal to that of 6- to 7.5-year-old children, and in 16.2% of the cases greater than or equal to that of 7.5-year-old children. CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of severe mental retardation, CP children have deficient visual skills. It is suggested that the poor visual skills of CP children are a separate, identifiable factor compounding the adverse effects of mental retardation.     

原发性青光眼早期诊断方法的对比研究

目的　比较图形视网膜电图(P-ERG),图形视觉诱发电位(P-VEP),中央视野视网膜光敏感度和眼部动脉血流速度在早期原发性青光眼诊断中诊断价值的大小。方法　对128例230只眼早期原发性开角型和慢性闭角型青光眼以及48例96只眼正常对照组进行上述4种诊断。方法　的检测,计算各方法的敏感度特异度和诊断指数,并对其进行相应的统计学检验.结果　各方法诊断指数间差异均有显著性(P<0.01),并得出这4种检测方法在原发性青光眼早期诊断中的价值为P-ERG>P-VEP>中央视野视网膜光敏感度>眼部动脉血流速度测量。结论　P-ERG,P-VEP和中央视野视网膜光敏感度较眼部动脉血流速度检测在早期原发性青光眼诊断上更有价值     

扫描翻转图像视觉诱发电位视力与对数视力表视力的比较

目的 对扫描图像视觉诱发电位视力(SPVER视力)与对数视力表视力进行比较。方法比较50例受试者的视力表和SPVER视力。在SPVER视力的测定中用了8个不同空间频率的光栅条纹连续扫描,所得数据经离散傅立叶分析后,获得振幅一空间频率曲线,并由外推法估计其视力。结果SPVER视力与视力表视力的总体相关系数r=0．699,在视力表视力大于0．5时,SPVER视力有低估现象,而在视力表视力小于0．5时SPVER视力有高估现象。结论SPVER视力与视力表视力有良好的相关性。由于视力表视力和SPVER视力所用于评估视力的指标不同,使两者结果不完全相同。     

Visual behaviours of neurologically impaired children with cerebral visual impairment: an ethological study

BACKGROUND/AIMS—Visual functions of neurologically impaired children with permanent cerebral visual impairment (CVI) can be difficult to determine. This study investigated the behavioural profile of CVI children by means of ethological observations in order to gain a better understanding of their visual functions.
METHODS—Video registrations of nine subjects who were unable to undergo more orthodox methods of visual function testing were observed and analysed by an ethologist.
RESULTS—A series of behaviours (direct signs) and supportive or confirming behavioural elements (indirect signs) indicating some visual perception in the children were found.
CONCLUSION—Detailed ethological observations of visual behaviour were shown to be useful for analysing visual functions of children with permanent CVI.

Keywords: cerebral visual impairment; visual function; visual behaviour; ethological analysis     

Perceptual visual dysfunction in children - An Indian perspective

Perceptual visual dysfunction (PVD) comprises a group of vision disorders resulting from dysfunction of the posterior parietal and/or temporal lobes. Often, affected children have normal/near normal visual acuities and/or visual fields, but have difficulties in activities of daily living involving the use of vision. PVDs are known to be common among children with risk factors such as a history of prematurity and/or neurodevelopmental disorders. The inferior temporal lobes and ventral stream transform visual signals into perception, while the posterior parietal lobes and dorsal stream transform visual signals to non-consciously map the scene to guide action and facilitate attention. Dysfunction of these can lead to specific visual impairments that need to be identified during history taking, triggering ascertainment of further details by a structured inventory approach. Clinical tests to elicit dorsal and ventral stream visual dysfunctions have good specificity but low sensitivity. Neuropsychologists are rarely available in the developing world to perform detailed assessments, but there are a few tests that can be used by eye care professionals with some training. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showing thinning of the ganglion cell layer and retinal nerve fiber layer is being explored as a potential tool for rapid assessment in the clinic. The behavioral outcomes of PVD can mimic psychological conditions including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disability, and intellectual impairment, and one needs to be aware of overlap among these differential diagnoses. A practical functional approach providing working solutions for each child''s set of difficulties in day-to-day activities is needed.