平衡仪评定和治疗痉挛型脑瘫患儿平衡功能的研究

目的观察平衡仪在测试和改善痉挛型脑瘫患儿平衡功能的作用。方法2～5岁痉挛型脑瘫患儿96例,随机分成试验组48例,采用平衡仪训练结合Bobath训练法;对照组48例仅采用Bobath训练法。治疗前、治疗2个月后应用平衡仪进行测试。结果两组治疗后各平衡参数的反映结果均优于治疗前（P<0.05）,且试验组各平衡参数的结果均优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论平衡仪训练能加强Bobath训练对脑瘫患儿的平衡功能的疗效。     

强化患侧下肢负重训练对脑卒中患者平衡与功能性步行能力的影响

目的：探讨强化患侧下肢负重训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡与功能性步行能力的影响。方法：将符合入选标准的脑卒中偏瘫患者随机分为观察组和对照组（各20例）。两组患者均采用常规康复治疗和平衡训练法,在此基础上,观察组加入负重率生物反馈下强化患侧下肢负重的训练方法。以上平衡训练两组均进行30min/d,6d/周,共6周。分别于治疗前、后用Berg平衡量表（BBS）、起立-行走计时测试（TUGT）和改良功能性前伸测试（MFRT）评定平衡与步行功能。结果：6周治疗后,两组的BBS和MFRT值均较治疗前明显提高（P<0.01）,TUGT较治疗前缩短（P<0.01）;观察组的BBS、TUGT和MFRT值均优于对照组（P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05）。结论：在常规平衡训练基础上,负重率反馈下强化患侧下肢负重的训练能更有效地改善脑卒中偏瘫患者的平衡与功能性步行能力。     

核心稳定训练结合平衡仪反馈训练法对脑卒中后偏瘫患者平衡能力的影响

目的观察核心稳定训练结合平衡仪反馈训练法对脑卒中后偏瘫患者平衡能力的影响。方法采用随机数字表将50例脑卒中后偏瘫患者随机分成观察组(25例)与对照组(25例)。对照组采用常规运动疗法和平衡仪反馈训练法治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上结合核心稳定训练治疗。比较两组患者干预前后Berg平衡功能量表、功能性步行量表评分。结果 6周后观察组和对照组的Berg平衡功能量表得分、功能性步行量表级别均高于治疗前(P0.05),且治疗后观察组的Berg平衡功能量表得分、功能性步行量表级别均高于对照组(P0.05)。结论核心稳定训练结合平衡仪反馈训练法可有效改善脑卒中后偏瘫患者的平衡能力。     

基于视觉反馈的姿势控制训练改善帕金森病患者平衡功能及日常生活活动能力的临床观察

目的：探讨基于视觉反馈的姿势控制训练对帕金森病患者的平衡功能及日常生活活动能力的影响。方法：纳入2018年1月至2021年12月于我院就诊的帕金森病患者60例,按照随机数字表法随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组接受常规的康复训练,试验组在对照组的基础上给予基于视觉反馈的动态平衡训练及核心肌群控制训练,共治疗8周。两组在治疗前、治疗8周后均进行Berg平衡量表（BBS）、起立-行走计时测试（timed“up and go”test,TUGT）及改良的Barthel指数（MBI）评定,并对两组患者的临床疗效及康复训练满意度进行分析比较。结果：治疗后,两组患者BBS[(49.00±1.97)vs.(44.77±1.78)]、TUGT[(10.17±2.31)vs.(13.67±2.26)]、MBI[(64.83±6.09)vs.(54.33±7.51)]评分均优于治疗前,具有显著性差异（P<0.05）;与对照组比较,试验组BBS(49.00±1.97)、TUGT(10.17±2.31)、MBI(64.83±6.09)均优于对照组,差异有显著性（P<0.05）;试验组患者...     

基于音乐节律性刺激疗法联合动静态平衡训练对帕金森病患者平衡及步行功能影响的临床观察

摘要 目的：观察基于音乐节律性刺激疗法联合动静态平衡仪训练对帕金森病患者平衡功能及步行功能的影响。 方法：筛选2020年1月—2022年12月于我院治疗的符合纳入标准的66例帕金森病患者随机分为试验组（33例）和对照组（33例）。对照组接受常规的康复训练及动静态平衡仪训练,试验组在对照组的基础上给予基于音乐的节律性刺激治疗,共治疗8周。两组在治疗前、治疗8周后均进行Berg平衡量表（BBS）、计时起立-行走测试（TUGT）、改良Barthel指数（MBI）、帕金森病生活质量问卷（PDQ-39）评定及满意度调查,以组内和组间比较治疗前后平衡功能、步行功能及PDQ-39的变化,并对两组患者的康复训练满意度进行分析比较。 结果：与治疗前比较,经过8周治疗后试验组和对照组的BBS、TUGT、MBI、PDQ-39及满意度均有所改善（P＜0.05）,而试验组的BBS、TUGT、MBI、PDQ-39及满意度均显著优于对照组（P＜0.05）。 结论：基于音乐节律性刺激疗法联合动静态平衡训练能够提高帕金森病患者的平衡功能及步行功能,具有一定的临床推广价值。     

Pro-kin视觉反馈平衡训练对脑卒中患者平衡与步态的影响

目的：探讨Pro-kin视觉反馈平衡训练对脑卒中患者平衡与步态的影响。方法：纳入脑卒中偏瘫患者50例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组25例。对照组给予常规康复治疗,观察组在此基础上,采用Pro-kin平衡训练仪进行视觉反馈平衡训练。治疗前后,采用Berg平衡量表、计时起立行走测试、Pro-kin平衡仪、数字化跑台监控仪进行平衡与步态评估。结果：治疗2周后,2组BBS评分均较治疗前有明显提高（均P<0.01）,且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）;2组TUGT评分、睁眼及闭眼状态下运动长度和运动椭圆面积数值均较治疗前有明显下降（均P<0.01）,且观察组均低于对照组（均P<0.05）。治疗后,2组平均步长及步频均较治疗前明显增加（P<0.01）,步长变异性均较治疗前明显减小（P<0.01）,且观察组平均步长优于对照组（P<0.05）,步频及步长变异性2组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论：Pro-kin视觉反馈平衡训练可以改善脑卒中患者的平衡与步态功能。     

电脑平衡仪视觉反馈训练对偏瘫患者平衡功能和步行能力的影响

目的观察平衡仪视觉反馈训练对偏瘫患者平衡功能和步行能力的影响。方法40例脑卒中后偏瘫患者分为视觉反馈组和平衡板训练组各20例;在常规康复训练的基础上,视觉反馈组采用平衡仪提供的模式进行平衡训练;平衡板组应用平衡板进行平衡功能训练,采用Berg平衡量表(BBS)和 Holden步行能力评分在治疗前和治疗5周后对两组患者进行评定。结果治疗前,两组患者的BBS和Holden步行能力无显著性差异(P>0.05);治疗后,视觉反馈组改善的程度大于平衡板组(P<0.01)。结论平衡仪视觉反馈训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者的平衡功能和步行能力的具有明显的促进作用。     

可穿戴式智能足底压力视觉反馈技术对脑卒中患者平衡功能的影响

目的:研究可穿戴式智能足底压力视觉反馈技术对脑卒中患者平衡功能的影响,并探讨此技术在临床平衡功能训练中的应用方式和价值。方法:选择病程为8个月内的脑卒中患者30例,随机分配到试验组和对照组,每组15例。对照组接受常规平衡训练,试验组在可穿戴式智能足底压力视觉反馈技术配合下进行平衡训练,每次30min,每周5次,共训练4周。比较训练前及训练4周后两组患者的平衡功能评分,包括Berg平衡量表(BBS),"起立—行走"计时测试(TUG)和采用可穿戴式智能足底压力视觉反馈鞋垫记录的睁眼和闭眼静态平衡率,以评估训练的有效性和对照组与试验组间训练效果的差异。结果:训练前两组患者的一般资料、BBS及TUG评分和静态平衡率均无显著性差异(P0.05);训练后,试验组和对照组患者各观察指标与训练前相比均有显著改善(P0.05)。试验组的训练后与训练前各平衡功能评分差值与对照组相较更大,且有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:应用可穿戴式智能足底压力视觉反馈技术进行平衡功能训练可以改善偏瘫患者的平衡功能,且较常规方法更有效。     

虚拟现实技术对脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡稳定性的影响

目的：探讨虚拟现实技术（virtual reality,VR）对脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡稳定性的影响。方法：采用随机数字表法,将40例脑卒中偏瘫患者随机分为试验组和对照组各20例,对照组给予传统平衡康复训练,试验组给予虚拟现实技术训练治疗。观察分析治疗前、治疗4周后部分核心肌群表面肌电图（surface electromyography,sEMG）、Berg平衡量表（Berg balance scale,BBS）、Dynstable系统中的“Assessment”（评测）程序稳定极限（limits of stability）、稳定时间（time to stability）。结果：治疗前两组受试者一般资料及s EMG、BBS、稳定极限、稳定时间无显著性差异（P>0.05）。治疗4周后,两组BBS较治疗前显著改善（P<0.05）,且试验组优于对照组（P<0.05）;竖脊肌、多裂肌以及腹直肌的s EMG、稳定极限及稳定时间均较治疗前改善（P<0.05）,且试验组优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：虚拟现实技术可更有效地改善脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡稳定性。     

强化髋外展肌群对脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡功能和步行安全性的影响

目的：探讨强化髋外展肌群对脑卒中偏瘫患者平衡功能和步行安全性的影响。方法：将符合入选标准的脑卒中偏瘫患者随机分为观察组（20例）和对照组（20例），两组患者均采用以Bobath为主的现代康复技术进行平衡训练和步行训练，在此基础上，观察组加入强化髋外展肌群的训练方法，在治疗前和6周治疗结束后，分别用Berg平衡评分量表和Holden功能步行分类对两组患者进行平衡功能和步行能力的评定，随访并统计治疗结束后半年期间两组患者的跌倒发生率。结果：6周治疗后，两组的BBS和Holden功能步行分类的级别均较治疗前有明显提高（P＜0.01）。观察组的BBS和Holden功能步行分类的级别均优于对照组，差异具有显著性意义（P＜0.05，P＜0.01）。通过随访，治疗结束半年内观察组的跌倒发生率比对照组低，差异有非常显著性意义（P＜0.01）。结论：在常规平衡训练的基础上，强化患侧髋外展肌群的训练，能更有效地提高脑卒中偏瘫患者的平衡功能，增加步行的安全性。     

Balance and mobility following stroke: effects of physical therapy interventions with and without biofeedback/forceplate training

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Visual biofeedback/forceplate systems are often used for treatment of balance disorders. In this study, the researchers investigated whether the addition of visual biofeedback/forceplate training could enhance the effects of other physical therapy interventions on balance and mobility following stroke. SUBJECTS: The study included a sample of convenience of 13 outpatients with hemiplegia who ranged in age from 30 to 77 years (mean=60.4, SD=15.4) and were 15 to 538 days poststroke. METHODS: Subjects were assigned randomly to either an experimental group or a control group when the study began, and their cognitive and visual-perceptual skills were tested by a psychologist. Subjects were also assessed using the Berg Balance Scale and the Timed "Up & Go" Test before and after 4 weeks of physical therapy. Both groups received physical therapy interventions designed to improve balance and mobility 2 to 3 times per week. The experimental group trained on the NeuroCom Balance Master for 15 minutes of each 50-minute treatment session. The control group received other physical therapy for 50 minutes. RESULTS: Following intervention, both groups scored higher on the Berg Balance Scale and required less time to perform the Timed "Up & Go" Test. These improvements corresponded to increased independence of balance and mobility in the study population. However, a comparison of mean changes revealed no differences between groups. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Although both groups demonstrated improvement following 4 weeks of physical therapy interventions, no additional effects were found in the group that received visual biofeedback/forceplate training combined with other physical therapy.     

Effect of coordination movement using the PNF pattern underwater on the balance and gait of stroke patients

[Purpose] To investigate the effect of coordination movement using the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation pattern underwater on the balance and gait of stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty stroke patients were randomly assigned to an experimental group that performed coordination movement using the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation pattern underwater and a control group (n =10 each). Both the groups underwent neurodevelopmental treatment, and the experimental group performed coordination movement using the Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern underwater. Balance was measured using the Berg Balance Scale and Functional Reach Test, and gait was measured using the 10-Meter Walk Test and Timed Up and Go Test. To compare in-group data before and after the intervention, paired t-test was used. Independent t-test was used to compare differences in the results of the Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, 10-Meter Walk Test, and Timed Up and Go Test before and after the intervention between the groups. [Results] Comparison within the groups showed significant differences in the results of the Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, 10-Meter Walk Test, and Timed Up and Go Test before and after the experimental intervention. On comparison between the groups, there were greater improvements in the scores of the Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, 10-Meter Walk Test, and Timed Up and Go Test in the experimental group. [Conclusion] The findings demonstrate that coordination movement using the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation pattern under water has a significant effect on the balance and gait of stroke patients.Key words: Coordination movement using the PNF pattern, Balance, Gait     

An efficacy study on improving balance and gait in subacute stroke patients by balance training with additional motor imagery: a pilot study

[Purpose] The few studies conducted on subacute stroke patients have focused only on gait function improvement. This study therefore aimed to confirm the effect of balance training with additional motor imagery on balance and gait improvement in subacute stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Participants were divided into an experimental or control group. The experimental group received balance training for 20 minutes/day with mental imagery for 10 minutes/day, three days/week, for four weeks. The control group received only balance training for 30 minutes. Before and after the 12 sessions, balance and gait ability were assessed by the researcher and a physical therapist. [Results] After completion of the 4-week intervention, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach Test, and Four Square Step test scores significantly increased in the experimental group. In the control group, Berg Balance Scale and Functional Reach Test scores significantly improved. Changes in the Timed Up and Go test, Functional Reach Test, and Four Square Step Test scores after intervention were significantly higher in the experimental than in the control group. [Conclusion] Specific balance training with additional motor imagery may result in better rehabilitation outcomes of gait and balance ability than balance training alone.Key words: Balance, Gait, Motor imagery     

Effect of a virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks on the balance and gait of stroke patients

[Purpose] This study aimed to assess the effect of a virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks on the balance and gait of stroke patients. [Subjects] Twenty stroke patients were randomly assigned to two groups 10 to an experimental group that performed a virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks and 10 to a control group. The control group performed a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise program. Balance was measured with the Berg Balance Scale. Gait was assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test. The paired t-test was used to compare groups before and after the experiment. The independent t-test was conducted to assess differences in the degree of change between the two groups before and after the experiment. [Results] Within-group comparison in the experimental group showed significant differences in the Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go Test. In a comparison between groups, the differences in the Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go Test in the experimental group appeared significant compared with the control group. [Conclusion] The results of the experiment indicate that a virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks has a positive effect on the balance and gait of stroke patients.Key words: Virtual reality exercise program accompanied by cognitive tasks, Balance, Gait     

Specific balance training included in an endurance-resistance exercise program improves postural balance in elderly patients undergoing haemodialysis

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 6 months of specific balance training included in endurance-resistance program on postural balance in haemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: Forty-nine male patients undergoing HD were randomly assigned to an intervention group (balance training included in an endurance-resistance training, n?=?26) or a control group (resistance-endurance training only, n?=?23). Postural control was assessed using six clinical tests; Timed Up and Go test, Tinetti Mobility Test, Berg Balance Scale, Unipodal Stance test, Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test and Activities Balance Confidence scale.

Results: All balance measures increased significantly after the period of rehabilitation training in the intervention group. Only the Timed Up and Go, Berg Balance Scale, Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test and Activities Balance Confidence scores were improved in the control group. The ranges of change in these tests were greater in the balance training group.

Conclusions: In HD patients, specific balance training included in a usual endurance-resistance training program improves static and dynamic balance better than endurance-resistance training only.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Rehabilitation using exercise in haemodialysis patients improved global mobility and functional abilities.

• Specific balance training included in usual endurance resistance training program could lead to improved static and dynamic balance.

     

Effect of space balance 3D training using visual feedback on balance and mobility in acute stroke patients

[Purpose] The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of balance training with Space Balance 3D, which is a computerized measurement and visual feedback balance assessment system, on balance and mobility in acute stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] This was a randomized controlled trial in which 52 subjects were assigned randomly into either an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group, which contained 26 subjects, received balance training with a Space Balance 3D exercise program and conventional physical therapy interventions 5 times per week during 3 weeks. Outcome measures were examined before and after the 3-week interventions using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (PASS). The data were analyzed by a two-way repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 19.0. [Results] The results revealed a nonsignificant interaction effect between group and time period for both groups before and after the interventions in the BBS score, TUG score, and PASS score. In addition, the experimental group showed more improvement than the control group in the BBS, TUG and PASS scores, but the differences were not significant. In the comparisons within the groups by time, both groups showed significant improvement in BBS, TUG, and PASS scores. [Conclusion] The Space Balance 3D training with conventional physical therapy intervention is recommended for improvement of balance and mobility in acute stroke patients.Key words: Balance training, Visual feedback, Acute stroke patients     

视觉反馈平衡训练对髋部骨折术后患者平衡和行走功能的影响

目的:观察视觉反馈平衡功能训练对髋部骨折术后患者平衡和行走功能的影响。方法:髋部骨折术后患者120例,随机分为观察组和对照组各60例,均配合常规康复训练,观察组于术后2～12周时利用MTD平衡仪进行视觉反馈法静、动态平衡功能训练。训练1周和12周时2组分别采用MTD平衡测定训练仪进行站立平衡功能评定,采用Tinetti步态及平衡试验和"起立-走"计时试验评定步态和静动态平衡、行走能力。结果:治疗1周时2组各项评定指标比较差异无统计学意义。治疗12周时2组MTD平衡测定,其平均压力峰值差和百分比差均较1周时明显缩小;Tinetti步态及平衡试验评分明显提高;"起立-走"计时试验所需时间明显减少(均P0.05),且观察组较对照组表现更显著(P0.05)。结论:在常规康复训练的基础上加MTD平衡仪进行视觉反馈平衡功能训练对改善髋部骨折术后患者的平衡和行走功能有明显促进作用。     

Berg平衡量表在脑卒中患者中的内在信度和同时效度

目的：探讨Berg平衡量表在脑卒中患者中的内在信度和同时效度。方法：40例符合入选标准的脑卒中偏瘫患者参与本研究。对患者进行Berg平衡量表、计时起立-步行测验和Barthel指数的评价。结果：Berg平衡量表的Cronbach α系数为0.864,14项目的Cronbach α系数范围为0.844—0.869,Berg平衡量表折半信度系数为0.915。Berg平衡量表与效标工具计时起立-步行测验和Barthel指数之间显著相关。结论：Berg平衡量表在脑卒中患者中具有良好的内在信度和同时效度。     

Therapeutic effects of reaching with forward bending of trunk on postural stability,dynamic balance,and gait in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke

[Purpose] The objective of this study was to perform forward bending of the trunk and reaching training in chronic stroke patients and to investigate subsequent changes in trunk control, dynamic balance, and gait. [Subject] Twenty-three chronic stroke patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 10 patients in the forward bending of the trunk and reaching group and 13 patients in the control group. [Methods] Both groups underwent 30 minutes of rehabilitation therapy, five days a week, for four weeks. The forward bending of the trunk and reaching group additionally performed forward bending of the trunk and reaching training five times a week for four weeks, which involved four sets of pressing buttons 35 times, for a total of 140 button presses per session. The subjects were tested before and after training using the Trunk Impairment Scale, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, Six-Minute Walking Test, and 10-Meter Walking Test. Trunk control, dynamic balance, and walking ability were compared between the two groups. [Result] The results of the study showed that the results of the Trunk Impairment Scale, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, Six-Minute Walking Test improved significantly in the FBR group, while there were no significant differences in the control group. [Conclusion] This study results suggest that forward bending of the trunk and reaching training can be an effective exercise method for chronic stroke patients.Key words: Postural control, Stroke, Trunk     

自适应平衡康复训练装置对老年脑卒中患者平衡功能及害怕跌倒的影响

目的观察自适应平衡康复训练装置对老年脑卒中患者平衡功能及害怕跌倒的影响,探讨其改善平衡功能,降低害怕跌倒,提高移动能力的作用。方法选取2018年3月至2020年10月在大连康复疗养中心接受康复治疗的老年脑卒中患者46例,采用随机数字表分为对照组和实验组,每组各23例。对照组给予常规康复训练,实验组在常规康复训练基础上,给予自行研制的自适应平衡康复训练装置治疗。于治疗前(M0)、治疗1个月(M1),治疗3个月(M3)后分别采用Berg平衡量表(BBS)、中文修订版跌倒效能量表(MFES)及起立-行走测试(TUGT)对两组患者进行疗效评定。结果在M0、M1两组各项评分比较,均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。M3,实验组BBS评分(39.48±2.35)分、MFES评分(87.47±11.67)分、TUGT计时(21.06±1.80)s较对照组BBS评分(38.09±1.13)分、MFES评分(80.76±10.45)分、TUGT计时(22.82±2.10)s均有改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论自适应平衡康复训练装置能够有效改善老年脑卒中后平衡功能,降低害怕跌倒,提...