非霍奇金淋巴瘤针吸细胞学与免疫表型观察

目的：探讨针吸细胞学（FNAC）及免疫表型在非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）诊断中的价值。方法：运用针吸细胞学和免疫组化标记技术对19例NHL淋巴结进行观察研究。结果：19例（B-NHL12例，T-NHL7例）NHL中，FNAC诊断16例，诊断准确率84．2％（16A4），3例可疑病例结合免疫组化标记技术结果与病理组织完全一致，诊断符合率100％（36）。免疫表型：T细胞性CB、CD45BC）阳性，B细胞性CD20、CD79。阳性，T、B细胞CD68、CK和EMA均为阴性。结论：FNAC辅以免疫组化技术，是一种方便快捷，经济有效的NHL诊断方法。     

颈部淋巴结细针吸取细胞学与临床诊断分析(附1120例报告)

目的 探讨细针吸取细胞学检查对颈部肿大淋巴诊断价值。方法 对颈部肿大的淋巴结行细针穿刺细胞学检查并与临床确诊诊断对照分析。结果 1120例肿大淋巴结以淋巴结核、肿瘤及淋巴炎为主,穿刺细胞学诊断符合率达86.7％(971/1120),并发症发生率仅为0.6％(7/1120)。结论 细针吸取细胞学检查具有简单、安全、诊断符合率高等优点,可作为首选的诊断方法。     

超声引导下细针吸取细胞学检查在体表肿物诊断中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下细针吸取细胞学检查在体表肿物诊断中的应用价值。方法2010年8月-2012年8月对149例患者167个浅表肿物进行超声引导下细针吸取细胞学检查,将穿刺细胞学诊断资料与手术病理及临床随访结果进行对照分析。细胞学诊断结果分为良性、恶性、可疑恶性及吸出物不足4类。结果超声引导下167个结节共计实施穿刺操作293次,一次性穿刺成功率96．2％,二次穿刺成功率100％。167个结节中,经病理及临床随访证实20个结节为恶性,147个结节为良性;经细胞学诊断132个（79．0％）结节为良性,14个（8.4％）结节为恶性,6个（3．6％）结节为可疑恶性,15个（9．0％）结节为吸出物不足,细胞学诊断敏感性为79．2％,特异性为87．5％,准确性为91．0％。结论超声引导下细针吸取细胞学检查对于浅表肿物诊断具有实时观察、准确安全、创伤小等优点,标本满意率及病理诊断准确性高,可作为体表肿物诊断的首选方法。     

超声引导细针穿刺在甲状腺良恶性结节诊断中的应用

目的 探讨超声引导下细针抽吸活组织检查(ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy,US-FNAB)对甲状腺良恶性结节鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法 选取并分析2017年12月～2019年8月98例98个甲状腺结节的USFNAB结果,以及手术病理和随访结果。结果 98例患者98个结节中,细胞学诊断恶性者28个,良性者44个,可疑恶性者12个,取材涂片不满意者14个。经临床随访或术后病理证实为恶性结节38个,良性结节60个,细针吸取细胞学诊断灵敏度95. 0%,特异度96. 8%,与单纯超声检查相比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论 US-FNAB,是诊断甲状腺良恶性结节最为准确、可靠、有效、简便的方法。     

细针穿刺、超声及甲状腺球蛋白对分化型甲状腺癌清甲后颈部肿大淋巴结诊断价值的比较

目的 探讨DTC手术和131I治疗后细针穿刺细胞学（FNAC）检查对颈部肿大淋巴结定性诊断的价值,并与超声、Tg和TgAb检测作比较.方法 61例经手术和131I清除残余甲状腺组织（简称清甲）治疗后的DTC患者,经体格检查或超声检查发现颈部淋巴结肿大,随后1周内对可疑淋巴结行超声引导下FNAC检查,并将检查结果与同期超声、Tg和TgAb结果进行对比.最终诊断根据病理、治疗后131I全身显像（Rx-WBS）及临床随访作出.3种检查方法间诊断效能的比较采用x2检验和Fisher确切概率法.结果 61例患者中,共58例患者获FNAC诊断,3例不能定性,经综合评判,淋巴结恶性40例,良性18例.39例经FNAC检查确诊为恶性者中20例经手术切除,19例行131I清除转移灶治疗;FNAC与术后病理诊断符合率为100％ （20/20）,与Rx-WBS的符合率为78.9％（15/19）;19例经FNAC检查确诊为良性淋巴结者中15例持续随访3～6个月,余4例行131I治疗;FNAC与随访结果符合率为93.3％（14/15）,与Rx-WBS均符合（4/4）.FNAC检查、超声、Tg和TgAb检测诊断DTC转移淋巴结良恶性的灵敏度分别为97.5％ （39/40）、87.5％（35/40）、92.5％ （37/40）,特异性分别为100％（18/18）、55.6％ （10/18）、72.2％ （13/18）,准确性分别为98.3％（57/58）、77.6％（45/58）、86.2％（50/58）;FNAC检查的准确性明显高于超声、Tg和TgAb（x2=4.336和11.697,均P＜0.05）,而超声与Tg和TgAb检测之间准确性的比较差异无统计学意义（X2=1.450,P〉0.05）.超声与TS和TgAb检测结果一致者39例,与FNAC检查的符合率为97.4％ （38/39）;超声与Tg和TgAb检测结果不一致者19例,经FNAC检查证实4例为恶性,15例为良性.结论 对DTC患者颈部肿大淋巴结的良恶性诊断,FNAC检查明显优于超声与Tg和TgAb检测.当随访中超声与Tg和TgAb结果不一致,可作为FNAC检查的应用指征.     

European Radiology科学论著摘要（2012年5月、6月杂志）

腮腺肿瘤超声弹性图技术的评价与诊断 摘要超声为腮腺病变诊断的一线影像检查方法,然而,单凭超声检查不能鉴别良性与恶性病变。由于细针针吸细胞学活检（FNAC）结果正确率并非100%,而腮腺部分/全部切除又有面神经麻痹与Frey综合征的危险,能鉴别肿瘤良恶性的影像技术具有重大价值。超声弹性图为一新的影像技术,     

全自动细胞图像分析系统在良恶性胸水诊断中的价值

目的通过全自动细胞图像分析系统(Automatic Imaging Cytometer,AICM)进行细胞核DNA定量鉴别良恶性胸水。方法 111例良恶性胸水标本,经离心涂片,每例制成2张薄层细胞片。1张细胞片进行HE染色,用于常规细胞学检测,另1张行Feulgen染色,用全自动细胞图像分析系统进行细胞核DNA定量测定检查。结果 111例胸水标本经临床或病理诊断证实,71例为良性胸水,40例为恶性胸水。AICM-DNA倍体分析在判断良恶性胸腔积水中的敏感性、特异性、准确性及Youden指数分别为90%、100%、96.4%及0.9;而常规细胞学分别为62.5%、84.5%、76.6%和0.47。结论 AICM进行细胞核DNA测定有助于提高胸水阳性诊断率,在良、恶性胸水的鉴别诊断较常规细胞学方法更客观、敏感。     

腮腺肿瘤超声弹性图技术的评价与诊断

正摘要超声为腮腺病变诊断的一线影像检查方法,然而,单凭超声检查不能鉴别良性与恶性病变。由于细针针吸细胞学活检(FNAC)结果正确率并非100%,而腮腺部分/全部切除又有面神经麻痹与Frey综合征的危险,能鉴别肿瘤良恶性的影像技术具有重大价值。超声弹性图为一新的影像技术,已用于     

乳腺肿块针吸细胞学检查与组织学对比分析

目的探讨针吸细胞学在不同乳腺肿块诊断中的应用价值。方法对473例经手术病理组织学证实的针吸细胞学检查乳腺肿物的病例进行细胞学与组织学对比观察。结果针吸细胞学对不同类型乳腺肿块诊断准确率不同,总准确率为95.14%（450/473）;假阴性率为5.03%（19/378）,潜在假阳性（指FNAC可疑阳性,经组织学证实为阴性）率为4.21%（4/95）,总误诊率为4.87%（23/473）;无假阳性报告。结论乳腺肿块针吸细胞学诊断准确率高,能较准确地鉴别病变良恶性,对临床具有重要的指导意义。     

18例细针吸取细胞学超微结构观察

１８例细针吸取细胞学超微结构观察梁茹★邹赛英★关键词针吸活组织检查病理诊断学电镜中国图书资料分类法分类号Ｒ４４６．８细针穿刺细胞学诊断已广为应用，在临床病理诊断中有些特殊病例仅靠光镜诊断有一定困难，需借助免疫组织化学、电镜等手段来正确诊断。我室以细针...     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.