Effect of topical brimonidine on intraocular pressure after small incision cataract surgery

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of brimonidine 0.2% on intraocular pressure (IOP) after small incision cataract surgery. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. METHODS: This prospective randomized study comprised 80 eyes of 40 patients scheduled for small incision cataract surgery in both eyes. In each patient, 1 eye was randomly assigned to receive 1 drop of brimonidine 0.2% or no treatment (control) immediately after surgery. The fellow eye received the other assigned treatment. All patients had standardized surgery by the same surgeon with sodium hyaluronate 1%, a temporal 3.5 mm sutureless posterior limbal incision, phacoemulsification, and implantation of a foldable intraocular lens. The IOP was measured preoperatively as well as 6 and 20 to 24 hours and 1 week postoperatively. RESULTS: Six hours after surgery, the mean increase in IOP was 4.7 mm Hg +/- 6.1 (SD) in the brimonidine group and 4.6 +/- 5.3 mm Hg in the control group. In each group, 17 eyes (43%) had an IOP increase of 5 mm Hg or more. Twenty to 24 hours after surgery, the mean increase in IOP was 1.5 +/- 4.2 mm Hg in the brimonidine group and 1.6 +/- 4.4 mm Hg in the control group. There were no statistically significant between-group differences at any measurement. CONCLUSIONS: In both groups, IOP significantly increased 6 hours and 20 to 24 hours after small incision cataract surgery. Brimonidine 0.2% failed to reduce the IOP increase observed after small incision cataract surgery.     

Effect of latanoprost/timolol and dorzolamide/tiomolol on intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification surgery

AIM: To evalaute the effect of fixed-combination latanoprost 0.005%/timolol maleate 0.5% and dorzolamide hydrochloride 2%/timolol maleate 0.5% on postoperative intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification cataract surgery. METHODS: This study is a prospective, randomized, double-masked and placebo-controlled. The study included 90 eyes of 90 patients which were scheduled to have phacoemulsification surgery. Patients were randomly assigned preoperatively to 1 of 3 groups (30 eyes of 30 patients). Two hour before surgery, the patients received one drop latanoprost/timolol (group 1), dorzolamide/timolol (group 2) and placebo (group 3, control group). The IOPs were measured at preoperative and postoperative 4, 8, and 24 hours. RESULTS: The preoperative mean intraocular pressure was not statistically significant between both drug groups and control group. In group 1 and 2, the postoperative mean IOP [group1: (14.03±3.15)mmHg and group 2: (14.16±4.43)mmHg] at 24 hours were significantly lower than the control group [(16.93±3.70)mmHg, (P<0.05)]. In addition, the postoperative mean IOP of group 1 [(14.90±3.69)mmHg] at 8 hours was significantly lower than the control group [(17.70±3.89)mmHg, (P<0.05)], but there was no significant difference between group 2 [(16.16±5.23)mmHg] and control group at 8 hours (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: When compared with placebo, the use of preoperative fixed combination of latanoprost/ timolol and dorzolamide/timolol is an effective method for preventing intraocular pressure elevation in 24 hours after phacoemulsification surgery, but did not completely prevent IOP spikes.     

Intraindividual comparison of the effects of a fixed dorzolamide-timolol combination and latanoprost on intraocular pressure after small incision cataract surgery

To compare the effect of a fixed dorzolamide-timolol combination with that of latanoprost on intraocular pressure (IOP) after small incision cataract surgery.Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.This prospective randomized study comprised 60 eyes of 30 patients scheduled for small incision cataract surgery in both eyes. The patients were randomly assigned to receive 1 drop of a fixed dorzolamide-timolol combination or latanoprost immediately after cataract surgery in the first eye. The second eye received the other antiglaucomatous agent. Cataract surgery was performed under sodium hyaluronate 1% with a temporal 3.5 mm sutureless posterior limbal incision, phacoemulsification, and implantation of a foldable intraocular lens. The IOP was measured preoperatively as well as 6 and 20 to 24 hours and 1 week postoperatively.Six hours after surgery, the mean IOP decreased by -0.8 mm Hg +/- 3.2 (SD) (P =.184) in the dorzolamide-timolol group and increased by 3.6 mm Hg +/- 3.5 (P <.001) in the latanoprost group. Twenty to 24 hours after surgery, the mean IOP decreased by -2.8 +/- 2.4 mm Hg (P <.001) in the dorzolamide-timolol group and increased by 0.6 +/- 3.5 mm Hg (P =.353) in the latanoprost group. The differences between groups were significant at 6 hours (P <.001) and 20 to 24 hours (P <.001).The fixed dorzolamide-timolol combination was more effective than latanoprost in reducing IOP after small incision cataract surgery. Only the fixed dorzolamide-timolol combination prevented a postoperative IOP increase and occasional IOP spikes of 30 mm Hg or higher.     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术后早期高眼压

目的:针对小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术后早期高眼压进行临床观察与分析,检测其发生率,探讨其发生机制,以指导临床工作。方法:对2011-01/06在我院行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术的116例116眼进行回顾性分析。结果:患者116眼中有35眼(30.2%)术后早期出现眼压升高。眼压升高峰值期在术后6～24h,最高56mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),高眼压的88.6%也发生在术后>6～24h内,此时间段眼压升高发生率明显高于其他时段(P<0.05)。高眼压的62.9%为轻度升高(<30mmHg)。结论:小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术后早期高眼压发生率较高,但大多为轻度增高。残留的黏弹剂或晶状体残余皮质堆积在房角上阻塞小梁网、术中或术后的眼内出血致变性的红细胞-血影细胞及吞噬了血红蛋白的巨噬细胞或其他物质如色素颗粒阻塞了小梁网,房水流出受阻为眼压升高最常见的原因。     

两种粘弹剂对小切口白内障术后眼压的影响

目的 评价分散粘弹剂羟丙甲基纤维素(20g·L~(-1))及硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠(30g·L~(-1))对小切口双侧白内障摘出术后眼压的影响。方法 老年性白内障患者20例40眼,全部进行小切口双侧白内障手术。于一眼白内障手术时随机选择1种粘弹剂,另眼时给予另1种粘弹剂。手术采用角膜缘反眉弓切口,长5mm,切开后环形撕囊,水分离,碎核刀碎核,晶状体圈娩出晶状体核,冲洗皮质。然后植入后房型聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯人工晶状体,不缝合。术前测眼压,术后6、24h及1周各测眼压1次。结果 术后6h羟丙甲基纤维素组眼压升高(3.8±5.0)mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg,P<0.001),硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠组升高(7.7±7.6)mmHg(P<0.001),硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠组眼压升高比羟丙甲基纤维素组明显(P=0.008)。眼压>30mmHg羟丙甲基纤维素组1眼、硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠组5眼(P<0.05)。术后24h及术后1周平均眼内压无明显差异。结论 研究结果表明,硫酸软骨素钠-透明质酸钠在小切口白内障早期引起的眼压升高比羟丙甲基纤维素更明显。     

青光眼术后白内障小切口非超声乳化摘出术

目的　探讨抗青光眼滤过手术后白内障的手术方法。方法　对抗青光眼滤过手术后白内障 36例 (38眼 )采用颞上象限小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术 ,随访 3月。结果　白内障手术后患者视力均有明显提高 ,视力≥ 0 5者占 65 8%。均有功能性滤过泡 ,未见瘢痕化。术后平均眼压 (1 4 6± 2 62 )mmHg。结论　抗青光眼滤过手术后白内障患者进行颞上象限小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入可明显提高视力 ,保持滤过泡功能 ,维持正常眼压     

Effect of bimatoprost on intraocular pressure after cataract surgery

Background: An increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) frequently occurs after otherwise uneventful phacoemulsification cataract surgery. This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of bimatoprost 0.03% drops given preoperatively in preventing IOP rise following phacoemulsification cataract surgery.Methods: In this prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study, 91 eyes of 85 patients scheduled to have clear corneal phacoemulsification cataract surgery were randomly divided into 2 groups. One hour before surgery, 1 group (48 eyes) received 1 drop of bimatoprost 0.03%, and the other group (43 eyes) received 1 drop of a balanced saline solution (placebo). A masked observer measured IOP preoperatively, and 3 and 24 hours postoperatively. Anterior chamber cellular reaction was measured on the first day after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative central corneal thickness (CCT) was assessed.Results: The mean IOP changes from baseline were not statistically different between the 2 groups at 3 hours (p = 0.618). At 24 hours, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean IOP changes of the groups (p = 0.001). The incidence of IOP elevation greater than 5 or 10 mm Hg at 24 hours was significantly higher in the control group (9 of 43 eyes) than the bimatoprost group (3 of 48 eyes) (p = 0.039). Anterior chamber reaction was not increased by bimatoprost. Mean CCT change was not different between the groups at 24 hours (p = 0.615).Interpretation: When compared with placebo, prophylactic use of 1 drop of bimatoprost before phacoemulsification cataract surgery failed to produce a significantly different effect on IOP levels from placebo at 3 hours postoperatively, but it caused a significant IOP reduction at 24 hours.     

The effect of latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost on intraocular pressure after cataract surgery.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative topical latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost administration on postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) after phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, double-masked study included 120 eyes of 120 consecutive, normotensive, uncomplicated cataract patients having phacoemulsification surgery with PC IOL implantation. They were randomized into 1 of 4 treatment groups, each of which had 30 patients. Two (2) h before the surgery, the patients received 0.005% latanoprost (Group 1), 0.004% bimatoprost (Group 2), 0.03% travoprost (Group 3), or placebo (Group 4, artificial tears). IOP was measured at preoperative, 4, 8, and 24 h postoperative with a Goldmann applanation tonometer. The anterior chamber was examined postoperatively 24 h for levels of cell and flare using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. RESULTS: The preoperative mean IOP was not statistically significant different among the four groups. In Groups 1 and 3, the mean IOP at 4, 8 and 24 h were significantly lower than the control (Group 4; P < 0.05). However, in Group 2, there was no significant difference in IOP during the study period, compared to the control (Group 4; P > 0.05). In addition, the mean postoperative IOP at 24 h in Groups 1 and 3 were significantly lower than the preoperative IOP (P < 0.05). No severe anterior chamber reaction was observed in any group. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that a single-dose topical of latanoprost and travoprost can prevent early postoperative IOP elevation after phacoemulsification surgery without any sideeffects.     

Intraocular pressure after small incision cataract surgery with Healon5 and Viscoat

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of Healon5 (sodium hyaluronate) and Viscoat (sodium chondroitin sulfate-sodium hyaluronate) on intraocular pressure (IOP) after bilateral small incision cataract surgery. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. METHODS: This prospective randomized study comprised 70 eyes of 35 consecutive patients with age-related cataract in both eyes scheduled for bilateral small incision cataract surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to receive Healon5 or Viscoat during cataract surgery in the first eye. The second eye received the other viscoelastic substance. Cataract surgery was performed in an identical fashion in both eyes, with a temporal 3.5 mm sutureless posterior limbal incision, phacoemulsification, and implantation of a foldable silicone intraocular lens. The IOP was measured preoperatively and 6 hours, 20 to 24 hours, and 1 week postoperatively. RESULTS: At 6 hours after surgery, the mean IOP increased by 5.2 mm Hg +/- 5.3 (SD) in the Healon5 group (P < .0001) and by 10.1 +/- 8.7 mm Hg in the Viscoat group (P < .0001). The increase was significantly higher in the Viscoat group than in the Healon5 group (P = .0016). Intraocular pressure spikes of 30 mm Hg or more occurred in 2 eyes in the Healon5 group and in 10 eyes in the Viscoat group (P = .0112). Twenty to 24 hours and 1 week postoperatively, the mean IOP in the 2 groups was not statistically different. CONCLUSIONS: Viscoat caused a significantly higher IOP increase and significantly more IOP spikes than Healon5 in the early period after small incision cataract surgery.     

Intraocular pressure after small incision cataract surgery: temporal sclerocorneal versus clear corneal incision

PURPOSE: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) after phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation using a temporal sclerocorneal or clear corneal incision. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany. METHODS: One hundred patients (100 eyes) with cataract having phacoemulsification with posterior chamber IOL implantation were randomly assigned to receive a temporal sclerocorneal or clear corneal tunnel incision. Intraocular pressure was measured preoperatively and 6 hours, 1, 2, and 3 days, and 5 months postoperatively. Statistical significance was determined by nonparametric group comparisons using 2-sample random Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: Six hours postoperatively, the median IOP increase was significantly higher in the sclerocorneal tunnel group (57%) than in the clear corneal incision group (18%) (P <.001). No significant between-group difference in IOP was found at 1, 2, or 3 days or 5 months. At 5 months, IOP was 0.6 mm Hg lower than preoperatively in the sclerocorneal tunnel group and 1.5 mm Hg lower in the clear corneal group. CONCLUSIONS: After phacoemulsification and foldable IOL implantation, the immediate postoperative IOP increase was higher in eyes having a sclerocorneal incision than in those having a clear corneal tunnel incision. These results could be important in eyes with decreased outflow facility or preexisting optic nerve damage.     

Additive effect of latanoprost and dorzolamide in patients with elevated intraocular pressure

Purpose : To evaluate the additive ocular hypotensive effect of latanoprost and dorzolamide in combination, on intraocular pressure reduction in patients with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods : Thirty patients with ocular hypertension or early capsular or primary open-angle glaucoma and elevated IOP were randomly assigned to two parallel treatment groups. The treatment period was twenty days. Fifteen patients (Group 1) received latanoprost once daily during the first ten days and, in addition, dorzolamide three times daily during the second ten days. Fifteen patients (Group 2) received dorzolamide three times daily during the first ten days and, in addition latanoprost, once daily during the second ten days. IOP was measured and conjunctival hyperemia was evaluated. Results : In Group 1, the mean IOP on day 0 was 26.8 mmHg; on day 10, 18.7 mmHg; and on day 20, 15.9 mmHg. In Group 2, the mean IOP on day 0 was 26.3 mmHg; on day 10, 21.2 mmHg; and on day 20, 16.1 mmHg. Both groups had clinically significant IOP- lowering effect on day 10 as compared with baseline day (30.2% and 19.4% respectively) (p < 0.01). When dorzolamide was added to latanoprost, the additional IOP reduction was 2.8 mmHg (15%) (p<0.01) compared with 5.1 mmHg (24.1%) (p<0.01when latanoprost was added to dorzolamide. No local serious adverse reactions were observed. A mild but statistically significant increase in conjunctival hyperemia was seen in latanoprost applied patients. Conclusions : The results showed that latanoprost and dorzolamide can be combined successfully to reduce IOP with their additive effects.     

小切口白内障术后角膜散光变化

本文采用改良的巩膜隧道式眉状小切口（弦长６ｍｍ），观察５０例（５８只眼）白内障囊外摘除联合后房型人工晶体植入术后三个月内不同时间的角膜散光变化，发现术后散光在短时间内迅速下降，一个月时散光已基本稳定，为０．９４±０．８４Ｄ，与术前０．７５±０．６８Ｄ比较无显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），而且裸视力达到０．５以上的有３６只眼占６２％。提示该种小切口手术能在术后早期获得较快的视力恢复，不失为一种较好的手术方法。     

曲伏前列腺素和卡巴胆碱对白内障术后眼压的影响

目的 评估白内障术中使用曲伏前列腺素和卡巴胆碱对术后眼压的影响.方法 将120例顺利行超声乳化加人工晶状体植入术的白内障患者平均分为4组.A组患者术毕结膜囊内滴入曲伏前列腺素滴眼液1滴,B组患者术毕前房注射卡巴胆碱0.2 mL加结膜囊内滴入曲伏前列腺素滴眼液1滴,C组患者术毕前房注射卡巴胆碱0.2 mL,D组患者术毕不使用药物,作为对照.分别于术前1 d及术后12、24、48 h对4组患者进行眼压测量,并对各组间的测量结果 进行比较.结果 A组、D组间各时间点眼压相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组、C组术后12、24 h眼压与D组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),但术后48 h眼压与D组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组、C组各时间点间眼压相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05). 结论 与对照组相比,白内障超声乳化加人工晶状体植入术中使用曲伏前列腺素不能降低患者术后眼压;使用卡巴胆碱可在术后早期(24 h内)明显降低眼压;曲伏前列腺素和卡巴胆碱联合应用不会产生协同或拮抗作用.(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2009,9:155-156)     

青光眼术后经颞侧行小切口白内障手术

目的:探讨表面麻醉联合球结膜下麻醉经颞侧施行小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入手术效果。方法:对32例40眼青光眼小梁切除术后的白内障患者用倍诺喜表面麻醉联合球结膜下注射20g/L利多卡因麻醉,行改良小切口白内障囊外摘出联合后房型人工晶状体植入术,分析手术的麻醉效果及手术后的治疗效果。结果:全部患眼均能达到理想的麻醉镇痛效果,顺利完成手术,术后视力<0.1者5眼(12.5%),视力0.1～0.4者9眼(22.5%),术后视力≥0.5者26眼(65.0%),所有患眼术后视力与术前比较均有提高。结论:表面麻醉联合球结膜下麻醉经颞侧施行小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入手术,是治疗青光眼小梁切除术后白内障有效的手术方式,手术操作简便,不需要昂贵的手术设备,适用于基层医院开展。     

Premature elevated intraocular pressure after cataract surgery

We evaluated the frequency of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) the first 1-3 postoperative days for a group of patients undergoing standard or phacoemulsification extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). IOP was measured in the pre and postoperative period using non-contact tonometer. From the 356 operated patients, 21 patients (6%) had early elevated IOP. The frequency of elevated IOP was greater among the patients that received anterior chamber (AC) IOL (25%) as compared to that of patients that received posterior chamber (PC) IOL (5.5%). The viscoelastic substance was responsible for a great percentage of cases (51%). The results show that the majority of elevated IOP is transient, recovered spontaneously or by treatment with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors or beta-adrenergic blockers. Elevated postoperative IOP occurs more frequently in the presence of glaucoma, cataract associated with systemic diseases, in complicated and traumatic cataract.     

青光眼滤过术后颞侧小切口白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术临床应用观察

目的 探讨青光眼术后颞侧小切口非超乳白内障摘除及人丁晶状体植入术的疗效.方法 对54例(72眼)青光眼滤过术后白内障患者采用颞上象限或颞侧小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,术后随访3～12个月,观察术后视力、眼压及并发症.结果 65眼术后视力均有明显提高,7眼视力不变.术中、术后未见严重并发症,术后平均眼压(13.40±3.56)mmHg.功能性滤过泡保留完整,未见瘢痕化及渗漏.结论 颞侧小切口非超乳白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入手术对青光眼术后白内障患者操作简单,视力提高明显,术后并发症少,眼压控制稳定.     

印度式手法小切口白内障摘除术的临床实用性

目的:探讨印度式手法小切口白内障摘除术的临床实用性.方法:实验组46眼(46例)行手法小切口白内障摘除术,对照组52眼(52例)行超声乳化白内障吸除术,均联合人工晶状体植入术,比较两组术后视力、手术源性散光、并发症差异.结果:术后3mo,实验组平均手术源性散光为-0.53±0.14D,而对照组为-0.48±0.1 0D,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).两组术后3mo视力分别为0.71±0.14和0.72±0.12,差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:手法小切口白内障摘除术是一种简单易行、学习曲线短、效果理想的白内障手术方式.     

Effect of apraclonidine versus dorzolamide on intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of 1% apraclonidine hydrochloride and 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride in controlling postoperative intraocular pressure elevation in patients undergoing phacoemulsification. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted. Seventy-five patients were randomized to receive either 1% apraclonidine hydrochloride, 2% dorzolamide hydrochloride, or artificial tears immediately after uncomplicated phacoemulsification. Intraocular pressure was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometer 1 to 3 hours preoperatively and 24 hours and 5 days postoperatively. RESULTS: Mean intraocular pressure measured at 24 hours and 5 days after surgery was not significantly different between groups. None of the patients had an elevated intraocular pressure of 30 mm Hg or higher. No marked difference was observed in patient age, preoperative intraocular pressure, mean ultrasound time, degree of nuclear hardness, and amount of postoperative intraocular inflammation between groups. CONCLUSION: Uneventful phacoemulsification involving meticulous cortical and viscoelastic removal does not cause a significant increase in intraocular pressure 24 hours following surgery.