A case of metastatic lung tumor mimicking left atrial myxoma by echocardiography

We report a case of lung metastatic tumor originated from submandibular osteosarcoma, which shows rare advancement and findings. This lung metastatic tumor advanced from left lower lung to left atrium through the left lower pulmonary vein, which penetrated to the left ventricle in the diastolic phase mimicking left atrial myxoma. 67Ga-citrate images showed that hot accumulation were recognized behind the heart in planar image and clear advancement from the lung to the heart in the SPECT image. 67Ga-citrate SPECT image should be available for cardiac tumors.     

The missing left atrial appendage

A 34 year old man underwent a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) prior to implantation of a biventricular ICD and DC cardioversion, to exclude left atrium and left atrial appendage thrombus. He had a history of repaired tetralogy of Fallot as a child, Stickler syndrome, atrial flutter and was status post recent mitral valve replacement, pulmonary valve replacement and tricuspid valve repair. The left atrial appendage was not visualized on TEE. A cardiac CT clarified that there was a left atrial appendage and provided an explanation as to why it was not visualized on TEE, highlighting the importance of multimodality imaging in patients with complex congenital heart disease.     

左心耳封堵器临床研究进展

心房颤动是常见心律失常,是老年人缺血性脑卒中的主要原因之一.左心耳是非瓣膜性房颤(NVAF)形成血栓的主要部位.研究表明封堵左心耳可有效地减少NVAF患者缺血性脑卒中发作,其疗效不亚于华法林预防治疗作用.理想的左心耳封堵器是完成左心耳封堵的关键因素.经过数十年研究,目前临床上常用的左心耳封堵器有Watchman封堵器、ACP封堵器,还有部分封堵器处于临床前试验研究阶段.该文就目前左心耳封堵器研究和临床应用现状作一简要综述.     

Angiographic demonstration of tumor vascularity in left atrial myxoma: A case report

We describe a 63-year-old woman with a large sessile left atrial myxoma and coexisting mitral valve stenosis and regurgitation. The diagnosis of a left atrial tumor was confirmed by echocardiography and coronary angiography. This case reveals the rare finding of tumor vascularity originating from both the right coronary artery and left circumflex artery.     

A rare case of left atrial myxofibromyosarcoma

Myxofibrosarcoma is an aggressive soft tissue sarcoma, previously known as myxoid variant of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Primary cardiac myxofibrosarcomas are the rarest forms of cardiac malignant tumors that often remain asymptomatic until metastasis occurs. In this case report, we describe a rare left atrial cardiac myxofibrosarcoma in a patient with recurrent renal cell carcinoma. We discuss the multimodality imaging approach to diagnose and evaluate cardiac masses as well as imaging characteristics to differentiate cardiac masses from thrombus.     

LAMaxTM plus左心耳封堵器封堵犬双叶宽开口左心耳的可行性和即刻有效性

目的 初步探究一种新型国产左心耳封堵器(LAMaxTM plus)经皮封堵犬双叶宽开口左心耳的可行性及即刻有效性.方法 选取3只双叶型宽开口左心耳健康犬使用LAMaxTM plus封堵器行经皮左心耳封堵术,术后即刻复查左心耳造影及经食管超声心动图评价封堵效果,以彩色多普勒超声观测无残余分流或残余分流直径＜3 mm为封堵成功.结果 3只犬中1例使用单叶型封堵器封堵不全,更换为双叶封堵器后封堵成功;其余2例均一次封堵成功,且均未见新发二尖瓣反流,封堵器未影响肺静脉开口,无心包穿孔等手术或器械相关的并发症.结论 本研究初步证实了LAMaxTM plus左心耳封堵器用于封堵犬双叶左心耳的可行性和即刻有效性.目前LA MaxTM plus封堵器后续动物试验正在进行中,关于其安全性和有效性进一步研究结果值得期待.     

A rare case of lung adenocarcinoma mimicking a primary pleural tumor

Most pleural masses are metastatic tumors from other locations; however, some tumors arise primarily from the pleura, albeit rare. Both primary and metastatic pleural tumors may present similar radiological features, which could lead to a misdiagnosis. We aimed to report a fifty-one-year-old Indonesian male with a lung adenocarcinoma mimicking a primary pleural tumor.     

A giant left atrial appendage aneurysm with recurrent chest tightness and atrial tachycardia: Multimodal imaging findings

Left atrial appendage aneurysm (LAAA) is a rare cardiac anomaly that is usually incidentally found in middle-aged patients. Though initially asymptomatic, LAAA can cause some serious complications: atrial tachyarrhythmia, thromboembolism, peripheral compression, and cardiac dysfunction. Multimodal imaging technologies, especially echocardiography and computed tomography (CT) scanning play an important role in the diagnosis of LAAA. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is generally used for preliminary evaluation and diagnosis of the aneurysm. CT scanning can further confirm the diagnosis by demonstrating the spatial structure relationships and eliminating the possibility of other cardiac tumors. The following case study pertains to a 54-year-old patient with recurrent chest tightness and atrial tachycardia. The patient was diagnosed with a giant LAAA by multimodal imaging technology, and the aneurysm was surgically removed under cardiopulmonary bypass. After 4 years of follow-up, the patient reported living a healthy life without chest discomfort, complications, or medication. Multimodal imaging can provide important information for the diagnosis and treatment of left atrial appendage aneurysms, and aneurysm resection can be an effective therapeutic approach with a good long-term prognosis.     

Etiologic significance of enlargement of the left atrial appendage in adults

Fifty-one patients were divided into two groups: 20 patients with proven rheumatic mitral valve disease (RMVD) and 31 patients with left atrial enlargement (LAE) of a nonrheumatic etiology. The latter group included patients with ischemic papillary muscle dysfunction, mitral valve prolapse, and congestive cardiomyopathy. Radiographic studies showed that enlargement of the left atrial appendage (LAAE) was present in 18 of 20 rheumatics but in only one of 31 non-rheumatics. There was no direct relationship between enlargement of the LAA and radiographic or echocardiographic left atrial size, degree of pulmonary venous hypertension (PVH), or presence of atrial fibrillation. It is postulated that rheumatic inflammation of the LAA allows it to dilate out of proportion to the body of the left atrium. In the adult patient with radiographic findings of PVH, LAAE is a valuable and specific radiographic sign of rheumatic mitral valve disease.     

A rare case of retroperitoneal gossypiboma mimicking renal tumor

An unusual case of gossypiboma, a foreign cotton body, in a 75-year-old male patient, who underwent staging studies for colon adenocarcinoma, is presented. A lower pole mass on his right kidney appeared on the preoperative workup, which was revealed to be a retained gauze, during the surgical exploration. A history of renal stone surgery, 32 years before was the possible reason of this situation. There are relatively few reports in the literature concerning gossypibomas, however, their true incidence might be underestimated due to underreporting because of legal implications.     

Thrombus detection in the left atrial appendage using contrast-enhanced MRI: a pilot study

OBJECTIVE: Left atrial thrombi are an important cause for embolism-related morbidity and mortality. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), the clinical reference, is semiinvasive; thus, we aimed to assess the value of contrast-enhanced cardiovascular MRI for the detection of thrombus in the left atrial appendage. CONCLUSION: The image quality was good for both 2D perfusion (grade 4 +/- 1) and 3D turbo fast low-angle shot (FLASH) (grade 4 +/- 1, n.s.). Compared with TEE, 2D perfusion, 3D turboFLASH, and the combination of both techniques yielded sensitivities of 47/35/44%, specificities of 50/67/67%, positive predictive values of 73/75/80%, and negative predictive values of 25/27/29%, respectively. The size of the thrombus was overestimated by 2D perfusion (66%) and by 3D turboFLASH (25%) and agreement for location and shape of thrombus was 50% and 75% for 2D perfusion and 75% and 50% for 3D turboFLASH, respectively. The TEE thrombus size was significantly larger in patients with true-positive diagnoses by 2D perfusion (148%) and by 3D turboFLASH (151%) when compared with patients with false-negative diagnoses (p < 0.05 for both). No such difference was found for image quality, time delay between TEE and MRI examination, and location and shape of thrombi. Contrast-enhanced MRI lacks diagnostic accuracy for the detection of thrombi in the left atrial appendage. Future technical improvements are essential to establish this technique as a noninvasive alternative to TEE.     

Impact of anatomical features of the left atrial appendage on outcomes after cryoablation for atrial fibrillation

AimsPulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using cryoballoon has been accepted as a safe and effective method for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite advances in catheter-based technologies, some patients still experience AF recurrence. In this study, we aimed to compare left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology in AF patients and subjects with sinus rhythm and also investigate the association between LAA morphology and success of PVI using cryoballoon in subjects with AF.MethodsIn this prospective study, 359 AF patients who underwent pre-ablation computed tomographic angiography (CTA) scan between January 2013–March 2016 were included as the patient group. 100 age and gender-matched subjects in sinus rhythm who had no AF episodes in 24-h Holter monitoring that underwent CTA were included as the control group.ResultsNon-chicken wing LAA morphology was more common in AF patients (p < 0.001). LAA was significantly deeper (p < 0.001) and short-axis diameter of LAA orifice and LAA orifice area were significantly larger (p < 0.001) in AF patients. Low take-off type morphology of LAA was more common in controls compared to AF patients (p = 0.006). At a median follow-up of 37 months, only longitudinal-axis left atrial diameter on CT (p = 0.003) and cauliflower-type LAA morphology (p = 0.004) were independent predictors of AF recurrence.ConclusionThis is the first study in the literature that investigates the relationship between anatomical variations of LAA and AF recurrence following cryoablation. Our findings demonstrate that cauliflower-type LAA morphology is associated with two-fold increased risk of AF recurrence.     

CT assessment of the left atrial appendage post-transcatheter occlusion – A systematic review and meta analysis

BackgroundTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the standard imaging modality used to assess the left atrial appendage (LAA) after transcatheter device occlusion. Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) offers an alternative non-invasive modality in these patients. We aimed to conduct a comparison of the two modalities.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive systematic review of the current literature pertaining to CCTA to establish its usefulness during follow-up for patients undergoing LAA device closure. Studies that reported the prevalence of inadequate LAA closure on both CCTA and TEE were further evaluated in a meta-analysis. 19 studies were used in the systematic review, and six studies were used in the meta-analysis.ResultsThe use of CCTA was associated with a higher likelihood of detecting LAA patency than the use of TEE (OR, 2.79, 95% CI 1.34–5.80, p ?= ?0.006, I² ?= ?70.4%). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of peridevice gap ≥5 ?mm (OR, 3.04, 95% CI 0.70–13.17, p ?= ?0.13, I² ?= ?0%) between the two modalities. Studies that reported LAA assessment in early and delayed phase techniques detected a 25%–50% higher prevalence of LAA patency on the delayed imaging.ConclusionCCTA can be used as an alternative to TEE for LAA assessment post occlusion. Standardized CCTA acquisition and interpretation protocols should be developed for clinical practice.     

骨化性肌炎误诊恶性肿瘤1例

1病例报告1.1一般情况患者,女,26岁。2006年4月底无诱因出现左大腿疼痛,未治疗,至2006年5月10日,左大腿疼痛加重,发现左大腿、左小腿、左膝关节肿胀,左大腿上段前外侧可触及包块,行走跛行,无局部红热,有压痛,无上感,发热症状,自服芬必得和头孢拉啶1周后,自觉左大腿疼痛症状减轻     

左腹股沟区胃肠道外间质瘤一例

患者女,46岁.反复左下肢肿胀7年,左腹股沟区进行性肿胀5年.体检:左腹股沟可见-15 cm×15 cm肿块,活动度差,表面皮肤无明显发红、发热表现,轻压痛.左侧足背动脉搏动良好.实验室检查:未见明显异常.