CT导向下无水酒精两次硬化法治疗有症状的单纯性肾囊肿123例报告

目的：利用全身CT机图像密度分辨率高和定位准确的特点，评价CT导向下无刨性穿刺、抽吸、硬化治疗有症状的单纯性肾囊肿疗效。方法：选择囊肿直径大干3．0cm的有临床症状的单纯性肾囊肿病人123例，采用自制金属定位栅实施抽吸囊液后二次无水酒精囊内硬化法，采用了四点无痛措施。术后6个月B超CT复查随访。结果：二．次无水酒精囊内硬化法疗效明显高于一次硬化法，囊肿消失、基本消失达98．37％。囊腔消失、受压肾实质复形、局部肾皮质皱缩机化钙化是影像学的基本愈合表现。结论：CT导向下无创性介入治疗有症状的单纯性肾囊肿多数情况下可以替代外科治疗，值得推广应用。     

超声引导下治疗非寄生虫性肝囊肿141例疗效分析

目的：分析超声引导下无水酒精治疗非寄生虫性肝囊肿141例的疗效。方法：采用超声引导下肝穿刺抽囊液后,反复注入无水酒精治疗非寄生虫性肝囊肿141例,其中单发77例,多发64例,肝左叶36例,右叶105例,肝囊肿最大径24cm,一次抽液量最多2200ml。结果：治疗效果与囊径大小有明显的关系,直径小于10cm,疗效较好,大于10cm者疗效较差。结论：非寄生虫性肝囊肿有症状的患者或囊径大于6cm者应积极治疗。     

CT导向下无水乙醇硬化治疗肝囊肿

目的评价在CT导向下经皮穿刺硬化治疗肝囊肿的临床价值。方法63例肝囊肿患者,其中41例单发,22例多发,均任CT导向下经皮穿刺注射无水乙醇行硬化治疗。结果63例患者随访3～15个月,疗效指数0级4例(6.3%),Ⅰ级8例(12.7%),Ⅱ级23例(36.5%),Ⅲ级28例(44.4%)。硬化治疗总有效率为93.6%。未出现严重的并发症。结论无水乙醇硬化治疗肝囊肿安全、经济、简单、有效。     

肝囊肿置管硬化后胆汁性引流液的产生原因与处理

目的 :探讨肝囊肿经皮穿刺置管硬化后出现胆汁性引流液的原因及相关处理。方法 :回顾性分析我院2008年1月至2017年6月行经皮穿刺置管引流无水酒精硬化治疗过程中引流液染有胆汁的肝囊肿患者9例,均行囊腔造影,3例引入留置导管后即抽吸出浅绿色黏液样液体,3例抽净囊液后稍加负压即抽出浅绿色液体,2例注射无水酒精15 min后抽出浅绿色浑浊液体,1例置管后持续抽吸出浅绿色黏性液体。结果:5例改变操作技术(抽吸囊液及注射酒精时轻柔缓慢、勿加压)、3例调整导管位置、1例延长留置导管引流时间(10 d)后,胆汁性引流液消失,继续硬化治疗。结论:肝囊肿穿刺置管后出现胆汁性引流液可能与囊内压改变、囊壁损伤和侧孔位置不当有关,应经导管行囊腔造影,确认无胆管显影,通过消除负压吸引、加压注射,调整导管位置及盘曲张力,延长引流,待引流液胆汁消失变清亮,再继续行囊腔硬化治疗。     

CT导引下肝肾囊肿抽吸硬化治疗

目的：总结CT导引下肝肾囊肿穿刺抽吸硬化治疗的疗效和操作经验。材料和方法：肝囊肿11，肾囊肿15例，多囊肾1例，囊肿大小为3．5－12cm，均用15cm长20GGreene针穿刺治疗，抽出囊液量为21－550ml，囊液抽净后注入99．7％的无水酒精。结果：治疗后症状均有明显好转或消失，本组随访肝囊肿7例、肾囊肿11例，疗效指数I级1例（多囊肾），Ⅱ级肝肾囊肿各2例，Ⅲ级肝囊肿5例肾囊肿8例。穿刺操作顺利，无严重并发症发生。结论：CT导引下肝肾囊肿抽吸硬化治疗操作简便、创伤小、疗效高可作为替代外科手术的有效的治疗方法，多囊肾的单纯抽吸治疗可明显减轻症状，改善肾功能，是一种较好的治疗手段。     

CT导引下经皮穿刺肾囊肿注射无水酒精治疗的应用

目的 探讨CT导引下经皮穿刺肾囊肿并注射无水酒精(PEI)的治疗技术、疗效、适应证及并发症，总结其操作特点。方法 在CT导引下对125例肾囊肿中的221个行PEI治疗，其中单发囊肿77例，多发囊肿47例，多囊肾1例。半年后复查并观察疗效。对其并发症对症治疗。结果 疗效0级-Ⅲ级分别为1．36％(3个)，86％（19个)，20．8％(46个)，69．2％(153个)，总有效率约98．6％。临床症状明显减轻或消失者84例，约67．2％，并发症12例，结论 CT导引下PEI是一种简单、安全、高效、低价的治疗方法。其关键在于成功注入酒精。其操作重点在于减轻或减少注入酒精时的疼痛。     

CT引导下肝囊肿穿刺无水乙醇硬化治疗39例分析

目的探讨CT引导下肝囊肿穿刺无水乙醇硬化及进一步提高肝囊肿介入治疗的疗效。方法本组39例患者均在CT引导下进行肝囊肿穿刺抽液，然后注入适量无水酒精行硬化治疗，术后随访0．5—3．0年，观察治疗效果。结果肝囊肿穿刺准确率100％，本组有效率94．9％。结论在CT引导下肝囊肿穿刺治疗术，定位准，简单，安全，创伤小，疗效好。     

CT导引下穿刺注射无水乙醇治疗肾囊肿

目的　评估CT导引经皮穿刺肾囊肿注射无水乙醇治疗的临床经验。方法　 4 4 5例 5 10个肾囊肿于CT导引下经皮穿刺肾囊肿抽液后注射无水乙醇治疗 ,4 4 5例中 385例为单发肾囊肿 ,5 3例多发肾囊肿 ,7例多囊肾。囊肿直径为 1.9～ 13.5cm。用 18～ 2 1G抽吸针穿刺抽吸 ,抽出囊液量为 3～780ml。注入 99.7%乙醇 ,乙醇量以抽出囊液的 2 5 %为合适。结果　本组 396例 (42 7个囊肿 )用CT扫描或超声检查随访 ,随访时间为 3个月到 1年以上 ,单发肾囊肿疗效为 97% ,其中囊腔消失为 82 % ,多发肾囊肿疗效为 95 % ,其中囊腔消失为 79% ,多囊肾疗效为 6 7%。并发症为局部疼痛 (2 8例 ) ,血尿 (4例 ) ,无严重并发症出现。结论　CT导引经皮穿刺肾囊肿乙醇治疗对单发肾囊肿和多发囊肿是一种有价值的治疗方法     

CT引导下无水乙醇硬化术介入治疗肝肾囊肿的再认识

目的：探讨CT引导下无水乙醇硬化个介入治疗术对肝、肾囊肿的治疗方法及适应症、以提高治愈率。方法：经US或CT或MRI发现的158例188个肝、肾囊肿，在CT引导下穿刺经负压吸引后，放置引流管．注入无水酒精进行硬化治疗术，其中单发166例，多发22例。男72例，女86例。年龄12—78岁，平均年龄58岁。经一次治疗35例．两次治疗80例，三次治疗22例，注入量10-62ml，留置时间10-15min。结果：治疗后1周、1月、6月、12月经CT或US随访评价，在经治疗的囊肿中，治愈率和有效率与随访的时间和治疗次数呈正比关系。经一次治疗的囊肿中，1月、6月、12月囊肿的消失率分别是41．3％、76．1％、82．6％，而经1—3次治疗的囊肿消失率分别是82．6％、92．5％、94．4％。结论：（1）CT引导下无水乙醇介入硬化术，治疗肝、肾囊肿的次数与囊肿的消失率呈正比．（2）肝肾的多发囊肿也适用硬化治疗术。（3）严格掌握适应症，接治疗原则进行，则会提高治愈率，减少并发症。     

超声导向无水酒精硬化治疗卵巢囊性病变

近年来，随着介入性超声技术的发展，超声导向穿刺技术目前已成为介入性超声的一个重要组成部分。超声导向穿刺注射无水酒精硬化治疗各脏器囊肿已逐步开展，使得无水酒精在硬化治疗的领域占有重要地位。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.