闭角型青光眼早期合并白内障超声乳化吸出术的临床观察

目的　探讨晶状体超声乳化吸出术 ,对缩瞳剂可以控制眼压的闭角型青光眼的抗青光眼治疗作用。方法　对有青光眼病史需使用缩瞳剂控制眼压的白内障病人在了解房角、眼压等情况后行晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果　 16只眼用缩瞳剂 (其中有 2只眼需联合使用噻吗心安 )可以控制眼压的青光眼 ,行晶状体超声乳化吸出术后全部病人在不使用抗青光眼药物的情况下眼压正常。结论　晶状体超声乳化吸出术可以改变晶状体虹膜膈、前房及房角的解剖结构和关系 ,从而消除闭角型青光眼发生的某些解剖基础 ,达到根治闭角型青光眼的目的     

晶状体不全脱位白内障的超声乳化术探讨

目的 探讨晶状体不全脱位的行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的手术技巧.方法 回顾性系统病例研究.晶状体不全脱位的白内障患者进行低能量超声乳化人工晶状体植入术16例（16眼）,其病例资料进行分析.手术根据晶状体脱位情况,行低能量白内障超声乳化吸出＋人工晶状体植入术或低能量白内障超声乳化吸出＋囊袋张力环植入＋人工晶状体植入术,出院后随访2～6月,平均（4.0±2.3）月.结果 16例术后裸眼视力及最佳矫正视力均较术前提高,术后眼压较术前明显下降,所有术眼人工晶状体位置居中,术后无晶状体脱位、眼压升高或玻璃体脱出等严重并发症.结论 晶状体不全脱位的白内障低能量超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,能减轻术后前房反应,减少并发症,效果良好.     

白内障超声乳化吸除术后近期眼压变化的探讨

目的研究小切口白内障超声乳化联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术后近期眼压的波动及影响因素.方法154例189眼行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术,测量术前及术后6 h、24h、3 d、1wk、1mo和2mo的眼压,进行总体和分组统计比较.结果术后6 h和24h平均眼压较术前高,有统计学意义.术后3 d平均眼压与术前无差异;术后1 wk、1 mo和2 mo眼压平均值持续下降.统计表明术后眼压的变化与黏弹剂的应用、术中有无晶状体后囊破裂、核硬度和超声能量等因素有关.结论白内障超声乳化联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术后会产生眼压的波动,特别早期产生一过性眼压升高,而术后1wk后眼压有逐步下降的趋势.     

晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗闭角型青光眼

目的观察分析晶状体超声乳化吸出术联合后房人工晶状体植入术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法对我院治疗的合并白内障的闭角型青光眼48例(48眼),术前查前房角,前房角关闭粘连小于180°范围者行晶状体超声乳化吸出术联合后房型人工晶状体植入术。术前、术后分析比较眼压、视功能及前房深度,随访6～12个月。结果术后48眼眼压全部控制在21.0 mmHg以下,无严重并发症。46眼视力均有不同程度的提高,2眼视力无变化。术前术后视力及眼压差异有统计学意义。结论对于合并有白内障的前房角关闭粘连小于180°的急性闭角型青光眼可行单纯晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗。     

透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化治疗原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的评价透明角膜切口白内障晶状体超声乳化吸出后房人工晶状体植入术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效。方法回顾性分析闭角型青光眼伴白内障14例(27眼)。单纯行透明角膜切口白内障晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房型人工晶状体植入术,术后随访8~20个月。结果所有患者术中术后无严重并发症,术后视力较术前明显提高,术后平均眼压(12.64±3.37)mmHg与术前用药后平均眼压(16.72±4.26)mmHg相比差异有统计学意义(配对t检验,P<0.01),周边前房较术前明显加深,前房角均重新开放或部分开放增宽。结论单纯透明角膜切口白内障晶状体超声乳化吸出后房型折叠人工晶状体植入术,可有效治疗合并白内障的闭角型青光眼。     

白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术后24小时眼压变化的临床分析

目的分析白内障超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术后24h眼压变化。方法选取125例（140只眼）进行白内障超声乳化吸出植入折叠式人工晶状体术患者,术中无并发症,在术前、术后4～8h、术后24h测眼压进行观察和分析。结果术后4～8h为眼压升高峰值期,眼压升高发生率为32.14%,眼压≥24mmHg为10.71%,最高值可达到40mmHg,术后24h后眼压逐渐下降。结论术后眼压的变化与粘弹剂的应用、核硬度及超声能量等因素有关。要重视白内障超声乳化术后早期眼压的监测,特别是术后4～8h的眼压测量。术中应该注意选择优质的粘弹剂或者合理的结合使用,并早期进行眼压观察。     

晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入治疗原发性闭角型青光眼

目的探讨晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房人工晶状体植入术,治疗白内障合并原发性闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法本院收治白内障合并原发性闭角型青光眼37例(37眼),术前控制眼压,经视力、眼压、前房角镜和裂隙灯显微镜等检查后,均单独采用晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房人工晶状体植入。结果术后随访6~18个月,视力较术前提高,视力>0.5者20眼,占54.05%,22例术后眼压<18mmHg,另5例用1种降眼压药物眼压控制在18mmHg以下。结论晶状体超声乳化后房人工晶状体植入可有效地治疗合并白内障的原发性闭角型青光眼。     

白内障继发青光眼的晶状体超声乳化手术

目的　评价白内障继发青光眼超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入手术的疗效。方法　32例白内障继发青光眼行连续环形撕囊的超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术 ,观察术后并发症、眼压、前房角和视力的变化情况。结果　术中、术后均未出现严重并发症 ,术后 3月 ,视力明显改善 ,眼压 1 4 57～ 2 0 55mmHg明显低于术前 2 8 97～ 41 38mmHg(P <0 0 5) ,前房角较术前开放 ,但前房角粘连改变不明显。结论　超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入是治疗白内障继发青光眼的理想选择     

超乳治疗慢性闭角型青光眼临床观察

目的观察透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入治疗慢性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效。方法原发性慢性闭角型青光眼20例(22眼),视力<0.1,晶状体不同程度浑浊,行晶状体超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术。结果术前用药后眼压(28.63±13.27)mmHg,术后为(15.42±3.86)mmHg(t=4.243,P<0.05);术后房角不同程度开放。结论透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术可有效地治疗因晶状体阻滞合并白内障的慢性闭角型青光眼。     

青光眼术后白内障晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入

目的 探讨青光眼术后白内障透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出术的方法及疗效评价.方法 对42例(44眼)青光眼术后白内障施行透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,术后随访3～6个月,观察视力、眼压及并发症情况.结果 44眼术后视力明显提高,术后所有患者跟压控制在正常范围.结论 行透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术是治疗青光眼术后复杂白内障有效方法.     

超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术后早期眼压改变

目的探讨超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术后早期的眼压变化。方法对４９例（５３只眼）白内障患者进行手术前及术后定期眼压测量。结果发现无论术毕对切口缝合与否,术后１０～１２小时眼压均较术前明显升高;缝合切口组眼压的升高程度明显高于不缝合切口组（ｔ分别为４．４１和３．３２,Ｐ分别为０．０００１和０．００２０）。术后１６只眼眼压＞３．００ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）,其中缝合切口组１０只眼（１０／２０,５０．０％）,不缝合切口组６只眼（６／３３,１８．２％）,两组间的差异有显著性（χ２＝５．９８２０,Ｐ＝０．０１４）。术后２２～２４小时眼压已明显降低,４６～４８小时已降至术前水平。结论超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶体植入术后早期眼压有不同程度升高,缝合切口者眼压升高更为显著,应于术后注意测量眼压,以便及时作相应处理,提高手术疗效。     

Preoperative latanoprost to prevent ocular hypertension after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of latanoprost given 2 hours preoperatively to prevent ocular hypertension in the early period after phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation. SETTING: Departments of Ophthalmology, United Christian Hospital and Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China. METHODS: Sixty-four eyes of 64 patients with uncomplicated cataract having phacoemulsification with PC IOL implantation were included in this prospective randomized double-masked clinical trial. The eyes were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups: application of latanoprost 0.005% 2 hours before surgery or no latanoprost (control). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured 3 and 24 hours postoperatively. The anterior chamber was examined for the level of cells and flare using a slitlamp biomicroscope. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS: The decrease in the mean IOP was not statistically significantly different between eyes receiving latanoprost 2 hours preoperatively and control eyes 3 hours (P =.843) and 24 hours (P =.721) postoperatively. CONCLUSION: A single application of latanoprost given 2 hours before phacoemulsification and PC IOL implantation did not produce a statistically significant IOP-lowering effect when compared with a control group in the first 24 hours after surgery.     

周边虹膜切除术与超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗早期原发性闭角型青光眼的疗效比较

目的比较周边虹膜切除术与超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗早期原发性闭角型青光眼的临床效果。方法选择仅局部用药即可控制眼压在正常范围内的早期闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者48例(54眼),应用周边虹膜切除术对28例(32眼)早期闭角型青光眼进行手术治疗,其结果与同类病人(20例22眼)的超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗结果进行比较。术前,术后一个月内每周一次,半年内每月一次,半年后三个月一次做眼压、裂隙灯检查直至1年。比较两者在术后眼压控制、视力恢复及前房情况,并作统计学分析。结果应用周边虹膜切除术治疗组术后平均眼内压为15.2±3.1mmHg,而同类病人经超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗后平均眼内压为14.9±2.6mmHg。分别经周边虹膜切除术和超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗,两类病人眼内压在术后早期无明显差异(P>0.05)。经超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗,18眼(81.8%)最佳矫正视力提高,0.4者占63.6%,经周边虹膜切除术治疗术后最佳矫正视力无明显提高,其中8眼视力不增反降,最佳矫正视力0.4者占18.8%,两者差异有显著性(P<0.05)。经周边虹膜切除术治疗术后中央前房深度无明显变化,而经超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗术后中央前房深度显著加深,两者差异性明显(P<0.05)。结论原发性闭角型青光眼早期患者施行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术,术后房角显著加宽,中央前房深度显著加深,矫正视力也不同程度提高,且并发症少。     

超声乳化与小梁切除治疗闭角型青光眼的对比

目的 对比研究超声乳化人工晶状体植入术与小梁切除术对初次发作的原发性急性闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法 将58例（58眼）初次发作的原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障者随机分为两组，每组29例（29眼），A组行超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术，B组行穿透性小梁切除术。术后随访3～6月。结果 术后随访期间两组视力均有提高，以A组提高明显。A组术后前房深度增加；B组术后前房深度减少，并且有5例术后早期发生了浅前房。术后两组眼压均比术前明显降低，早期以B组下降明显，A组有6例术后1天眼压高于21mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa），经局部用药后降至正常。结论 初次发作的合并有白内障的原发性急性闭角型青光眼，若无明显前房角粘连，经药物治疗眼压控制不佳者，采用晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术可以有效地降低眼压恢复视功能，且术后并发症较传统的小梁切除术为少。     

Effect of intracameral acetylcholine on latanoprost in preventing ocular hypertension after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of intracameral acetylcholine on latanoprost in preventing ocular hypertension in the early period after phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China. METHODS: Patients with uncomplicated cataract having phacoemulsification with PC IOL implantation were included in this prospective randomized double-masked clinical trial. The eyes were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups based on postoperative application of latanoprost 0.005% alone (Group 1), latanoprost 0.005% with intracameral acetylcholine (Group 2), intracameral acetylcholine alone (Group 3), and no medication (controls (Group 4). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured 3 and 24 hours postoperatively. The anterior chamber was examined for the level of cells and flare using slitlamp biomicroscopy. RESULTS: Three and 24 hours after surgery, the decrease in mean IOP in eyes receiving latanoprost alone was not statistically significantly different from that in control eyes (P >.05). Eyes receiving intracameral acetylcholine alone had a significant decrease in the mean IOP at 3 hours (P <.05) but not at 24 hours compared to control eyes (P >.05). There were no significant differences in the mean postoperative IOP decrease between eyes receiving latanoprost with intracameral acetylcholine and those receiving intracameral acetylcholine alone (P >.05). CONCLUSIONS: A single application of latanoprost did not significantly lower IOP in the first 24 hours after phacoemulsification with PC IOL implantation. Eyes receiving intracameral acetylcholine alone had a significantly greater decrease in IOP than control eyes at 3 hours but not at 24 hours. The addition of intracameral acetylcholine to latanoprost did not enhance or reduce latanoprost's IOP-lowering effect.     

糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的临床观察

目的：观察糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效。方法：选择36例(36眼)糖尿病患者行白内障超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术，并设36例(36眼)老年性白内障患者行白内障超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术为对照。结果：糖尿病患者白内障术后角膜内皮水肿、房水混浊、纤维素样渗出、瞳孔后粘连、后囊混浊等前段手术并发症发生率高于老年性白内障，但经过正确处理，总体预后两组并无显著性差异。结论：糖尿病患者空腹血糖控制在8．33mmoL／L以下时，行白内障超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入是安全的：术中尽量减少器械在前房的操作次数，减少对角膜内皮和虹膜的损伤，能有效减少术后并发症的发生；术后使用激素眼药水滴眼，有效活动瞳孔，是治疗糖尿病患者白内障人工晶状体植入术后并发症的有效措施。     

白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术后高眼压危险因素分析

目的:探讨白内障超声乳化工晶状体植入术后高眼压的相关危险因素、发生的原因及防治。方法:对我院2006-01/2012-10完成的白内障超声乳化工晶状体植入术1258例1318眼临床资料进行回顾分析。结果:术后发生高眼压共54眼,发生率为4.10%。术后眼压升高的幅度为22～60mmHg,大多数患者出现高眼压的时间为术后2～24h。54眼中先天性白内障1眼,外伤性白内障2眼,合并糖尿病15眼,合并高血压病12眼,陈旧性色素膜炎2眼,玻璃体切割术后1眼,合并高度近视11眼,未合并全身疾病的白内障10眼。裂隙灯观察高眼压患者可见部分皮质残留以及黏弹剂残留或晶状体后囊膜破裂玻璃体溢入前房或严重的炎症反应。结论:黏弹剂残留和炎症反应是引起术后高眼压的主要原因,合并有糖尿病、高度近视、陈旧性色素膜炎、眼外伤等疾病的白内障患者更容易出现术后高眼压。     

Latanoprost versus timolol gel to prevent ocular hypertension after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of latanoprost and timolol gel in preventing ocular hypertension in the early period after phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China. METHODS: This prospective randomized double-masked clinical trial comprised patients with uncomplicated cataract having phacoemulsification with PC IOL implantation. They were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: postoperative application of timolol 0.5% gel-forming solution (Timoptol-XE(R)) (Group 1), latanoprost 0.005% (Group 2), and control (Group 3). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured 2, 4, and 24 hours postoperatively. The anterior chamber was examined for the levels of cells and flare using slitlamp biomicroscopy. RESULTS: Group 1 had a significantly greater reduction in mean IOP 2, 4, and 24 hours after phacoemulsification and PC IOL implantation than Group 3 (P <.05). There were no significant differences between Groups 2 and 3 at any interval (P. 05). No excessive postoperative anterior chamber inflammation was observed in any group. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of latanoprost given after phacoemulsification and PC IOL implantation did not produce a significant IOP-lowering effect when compared with a control group in the first 24 hours postoperatively. A single dose of timolol gel produced a significant postoperative IOP decrease as soon as 2 hours and up to 24 hours after surgery. Timolol gel and latanoprost are safe, but timolol is more effective than latanoprost in preventing postoperative ocular hypertension.     

白内障超声乳化术后眼压和前房深度的变化

目的观察白内障超声乳化吸除联合囊袋内植入人工晶状体术后眼压、前房的变化。方法对2007年3月到2008年12月收治的老年性白内障60例（60只眼）,行巩膜隧道切口白内障超声乳化吸除联合囊袋内人工晶状体植入手术。术后随访3～6个月。观察术前、术后3 d、1周、1个月时眼压、前方深度的变化。结果术后所有患眼眼压较术前均有下降,差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。术后所有患眼中央前方深度较术前均有加深,两者比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。结论巩膜隧道切口白内障超声乳化吸除联合囊袋内人工晶状体植入术,术后眼压下降,中央前方深度加深。为合并白内障的急性、慢性闭角型青光眼患者的治疗手段提供了一个新的思路。     

The effect of latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost on intraocular pressure after cataract surgery.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative topical latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost administration on postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) after phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation. METHODS: This prospective, randomized, double-masked study included 120 eyes of 120 consecutive, normotensive, uncomplicated cataract patients having phacoemulsification surgery with PC IOL implantation. They were randomized into 1 of 4 treatment groups, each of which had 30 patients. Two (2) h before the surgery, the patients received 0.005% latanoprost (Group 1), 0.004% bimatoprost (Group 2), 0.03% travoprost (Group 3), or placebo (Group 4, artificial tears). IOP was measured at preoperative, 4, 8, and 24 h postoperative with a Goldmann applanation tonometer. The anterior chamber was examined postoperatively 24 h for levels of cell and flare using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. RESULTS: The preoperative mean IOP was not statistically significant different among the four groups. In Groups 1 and 3, the mean IOP at 4, 8 and 24 h were significantly lower than the control (Group 4; P < 0.05). However, in Group 2, there was no significant difference in IOP during the study period, compared to the control (Group 4; P > 0.05). In addition, the mean postoperative IOP at 24 h in Groups 1 and 3 were significantly lower than the preoperative IOP (P < 0.05). No severe anterior chamber reaction was observed in any group. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that a single-dose topical of latanoprost and travoprost can prevent early postoperative IOP elevation after phacoemulsification surgery without any sideeffects.