鼻内镜下自体软骨鼻整形同期鼻中隔偏曲矫正治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形的临床分析

目的对鼻内镜下自体软骨（鼻中隔软骨、耳软骨和肋软骨）鼻整形同期行鼻中隔偏曲矫正治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形的临床分析。方法收集2017~2018年20 例陈旧外伤性歪鼻畸形患者的临床资料,所有患者均行全麻下鼻小柱倒“V”型切口暴露松解并切除偏曲的鼻中隔软骨及骨质,针对不同患者设计使用不同软骨（鼻中隔软骨、耳软骨和肋软骨）矫正鼻中隔骨性或软骨性支架,对鼻尖、鼻背及外鼻重新塑形。结果随访3~12个月,行鼻内镜下自体软骨鼻整形同期鼻中隔偏曲矫正术的患者鼻外形及通气均有明显改善,手术效果更好,无鼻腔粘连、鼻中隔血肿及穿孔。结论鼻内镜下自体软骨鼻整形同期鼻中隔偏曲矫正治疗外伤性歪鼻畸形同期解决了鼻部畸形和鼻通气功能,实现了美容和功能的统一,同时减少了手术治疗的次数和费用,可行性高。     

自体耳屏软骨行鼻中隔穿孔修补的临床观察

目的观察自体耳屏软骨应用于鼻中隔穿孔修补中的效果。方法收集17例鼻中隔穿孔患者的临床资料,根据穿孔大小,选择不同的术式。结果手术17例,术后患者鼻中隔穿孔全部愈合,随访半年～1年,无穿孔复发以及不良反应。结论应用自体耳屏软骨修复鼻中隔穿孔疗效显著,且取材方便、费用低,值得推广。     

自体鼻中隔软骨联合耳廓软骨的鼻中隔延伸物移植术在鼻尖整形中的应用

目的:探讨运用鼻中隔软骨联合耳廓软骨构建鼻中隔延伸物复合体重置鼻尖位置和重塑鼻尖形态的可行性。方法:2018年9月至2019年10月,以中国医学科学院整形外科医院17例低鼻患者为研究对象,17例患者中男2例,女15例;年龄19~39岁,平均27岁。17例患者均为初次鼻整形病例。术中在全身麻醉下行鼻整形术。切取鼻中隔软骨...     

鼻内镜下鼻中隔成形术治疗外伤性鼻中隔偏曲

目的探讨鼻内镜下鼻中隔成形术治疗外伤性鼻中隔偏曲的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2006年9月～2011年2月诊治的86例外伤性鼻中隔偏曲患者行鼻内镜下鼻中隔成形术治疗的临床资料。结果 86例患者术后均Ⅰ期愈合,随访6个月至5年,无1例发生出血、穿孔、血肿、脓肿、鼻畸形等并发症,症状消失或明显改善。结论外伤性鼻中隔偏曲病情复杂,手术时应根据患者的病情制定个性化方案,手术中尽可能保存鼻中隔软骨及骨质结构。     

鼻内镜下完整保留鼻中隔软骨的鼻中隔矫正术128例临床分析

目的总结鼻内镜下鼻中隔矫正术的方法和完整保留鼻中隔软骨的可行性。方法2009年3月~2012年6月鼻内镜下行较完整保留鼻中隔软骨的鼻中隔矫正术128例,根据偏曲部位不同,选择不同的切口部位。鼻中隔软骨部单纯偏曲和/或上颌骨鼻突偏曲行偏曲侧Killian术式切口,复杂型偏曲均行左侧Killian术式切口,筛骨垂直板C型偏曲、棘突和梨骨嵴或棘突行偏曲前方0.5 cm处切口。术后随访6~12个月。结果 128例鼻中隔偏曲均一次性得以矫正,其中治愈112例（87.5%）,好转16例（12.5%）。所有患者术后双鼻腔通气良好。结论鼻内镜下行鼻中隔矫正术,具有视野清晰、微创、精准等优点,对不同类型鼻中隔偏曲选择个性化切口和术式可完整保留软骨支架、出血量少、并发症少,值得推广应用。     

鼻内镜下同种异体鼻中隔软骨移植术治疗鼻中隔穿孔

目的探讨鼻内镜下同种异体鼻中隔软骨移植术在鼻中隔穿孔修补中的疗效。方法收集2003—2011年采用夹层法治疗16例鼻中隔穿孔患者,在鼻内镜下行同种异体鼻中隔软骨移植术,术后定期鼻腔清洁和换药。结果15例穿孔I期愈合,1例Ⅱ期愈合,随访1—3年,无穿孔复发及不良反应,有效率100％。结论鼻内镜下同种异体鼻中隔软骨移植术在鼻中隔穿孔修补中疗效显著,具有较好的实用性。     

鼻底部软骨肉瘤1例

软骨肉瘤是起源于软骨细胞或间胚叶组织的一种少见的恶性肿瘤,好发于四肢长骨、骨盆、肋骨及上肢腕骨等处。头颈部少见,约占全身软骨肉瘤的10％,多发生于鼻腔及上颌窦,其他鼻窦少见。     

鼻底软骨瘤1例

患者,女,23岁,发现右鼻翼隆起长肿物于2004年3月14日来莒县中医院就诊。5年前患者发现右鼻孔底部隆起,因无红肿疼痛未引起重视。近1年来肿物长势增快,右鼻孔明显变细窄,右鼻翼隆起影响面容。体检：右鼻底及鼻前庭部隆起,触之质硬,皮肤黏膜正常,无压痛及波动感,鼻咽检查未见明显异常。局部CT扫描示鼻底实性占位性病变,肿物周边无骨质破坏。     

鼻内镜下鼻中隔软骨修复爆裂性眶内壁骨折18例

目的:探讨以鼻中隔软骨作为移植物,鼻内镜下经筛窦修复眼眶内壁爆裂性骨折的方法。方法:采用鼻内镜下经筛窦修复18例眶内壁骨折的患者,以鼻中隔软骨作为移植物,分析其疗效。结果:术后随访0.5～1.0年,18例患者全部达到治愈标准,无移植物脱出。结论:以鼻中隔软骨为移植物行鼻内镜下经筛窦眶内壁骨折修复是一种可行的手术方式,具有直观、微创、组织相容性良好等特点。     

自体鼻中隔软骨联合膨体聚四氟乙烯与自体耳软骨移植在鼻尖整形中的对照研究

目的 评价自体鼻中隔软骨联合膨体聚四氟乙烯移植与自体耳软骨移植在鼻尖整形中的临床效果.方法 对照观察自体鼻中隔软骨联合膨体聚四氟乙烯移植(A组:70例)与自体耳软骨移植(B组:48例)在鼻尖整形中的疗效、手术操作时间及术中术后并发症.以SPSS 12.0软件进行t检验或x2检验.结果A组手术操作平均((x)±s)时间短于B组,差异有统计学意义(t=13.258,P=0.000).A组鼻尖宽度在6～8 mm的67例(95.7％),B组46例(95.8％),差异无统计学意义(x2=0.001,P=0.996);2组患者鼻尖表现点、后旋角、鼻背与鼻小柱夹角、鼻尖高度差异均无统计学意义(x2值分别为0.001、0.069、0.149、0.073,P值均＞0.05).结论 自体鼻中隔软骨联合膨体聚四氟乙烯与自体耳软骨移植术临床效果相近.     

自体软骨移植在隆鼻术中的应用

目的：探讨自体软骨移植填充鼻尖在隆鼻术中的应用。方法：根据受术者鼻尖的形态及软组织厚度,本组119例患者中有57例采用自体耳软骨移植联合“L”形人工假体行鼻成形术,33例采用鼻翼软骨移植联合“L”形人工假体行鼻成形术,29例采用鼻中隔软骨移植联合柳叶形人工假体行鼻成形术。结果：所有患者术后鼻部美学效果均明显改善,其中64例随访3～12个月,鼻部形态良好,医患双方满意。结论：根据受术者鼻尖不同情况选择不同的自体软骨移植填充鼻尖联合假体植入行鼻成形术,组织相容性好,有效重塑鼻尖外形,鼻部整体形态符合美学效果。     

Semilunar conchal cartilage graft in saddle nose reconstruction

IntroductionThe saddle nose deformity is easily recognized by the loss of septal support and nasal dorsal height with adverse functional and aesthetic consequences.TechniqueWe treated a 50-year-old woman and a 54-year old man that presented with a moderate saddle nose deformity following a previous septorhinoplasty (female patient) and a posttraumatic severe saddle nose deformity (male patient). The patients were treated by open approach rhinoplasty under general anesthesia, and the saddle nose deformity was reconstructed with a semilunar conchal cartilage graft. A semilunar part of the conchal cartilage is excised, lending its name to the graft. A smaller leaf shaped cartilage part is excised and sutured upside-down with PDS 5-0 sutures on the opposite of the cartilage, so that the concave surfaces are facing each other. The newly formed graft is then sutured in its place on the nasal dorsum in the supratip saddle area over the triangular cartilages to widen the inner nasal valve angle. The lateral tips of the semilunar graft are placed below the lateral alar crura to improve external nasal valve functionality.DiscussionThis modified conchal cartilage graft presents itself as an excellent reconstructive option, especially considering its low morbidity, availability and ability to retrieve an adequate amount of cartilage in the vast majority of patients. These modifications of the conchal cartilage are previously unreported, and provide the needed height and elasticity in saddle nose reconstruction without the need for additional grafting. It is important to stress that when positioned properly, a beneficial effect in peak nasal inspiratory flow may be observed, adding to its usefulness in repairing both function and aesthetics.     

The influence of partial resections of the nasal septal cartilage on the growth of the upper jaw and the nose: an experimental study in rabbits

The influence of partial resections of the nasal septal cartilage on the growth of the upper jaw and the nose: an experimental study in rabbits After birth the facial skeleton grows more, and over a longer period, than the neurocranium. The facial skeleton shows an extra growth in comparison with the latter. In young rabbits the dorso-ventral continuity of the septal cartilage was interrupted by various partial resections. It appeared that a discontinuity of the septal cartilage does not prevent all growth of the nose and maxilla but interferes with their extra growth, in particular the lengthening of the nose and the upper jaw and the postnatal ventral displacement of the molar complex and maxilla.     

Usefulness of autologous cartilage and fibrin glue for the prevention of septal perforation during septal surgery: a preliminary report

OBJECTIVES: Septal surgery is one of the most common causes of nasal septal perforation. In cases in which a septal mucosal defect at the corresponding area has occurred, autologous cartilage is usually inserted between the injured mucosal flaps. In addition, we applied fibrin glue to the margins of injured mucosal surface to fix the inserted cartilage and to promote mucosal regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of this method in the prevention of nasal septal perforation. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of medical records. METHODS: A total of 463 septal surgeries were performed between March 2003 and August 2005. Septal mucosal defect at the corresponding area occurred in 34 patients. In group 1 (23 patients), septal or auricular cartilage was inserted between the injured mucosal flaps. In group 2 (11 patients), septal or auricular cartilage was inserted, and fibrin glue was applied on the mucosal margins of cartilage insertion site. We compared the perforation rate between the two groups. RESULTS: In group 1, nasal septal perforation occurred 8 of 23 (34.8%) patients, and in group 2, 1 of 11 (9.1%) patients experienced perforation. Although the occurrence rate of perforation was significantly lower in group 2, statistical significance between the two groups could not be established because of the small number of patients who experienced septal perforation. CONCLUSION: The application of fibrin glue at the bilaterally injured mucosal surface after cartilage insertion is thought to be very useful as a preventive measure of nasal septal perforation. We report these results as preliminary data for further study to determine the usefulness of fibrin glue in the prevention of nasal septal perforation.     

Cartilage grafts for the nasal tip

Control over nasal tip projection is essential in rhinoplasty. Nasal projection is defined as the length of the perpendicular drawn from the anterior facial plane to the tip-defining point. Between 1989 and 1991, 300 patients underwent an external rhinoplasty. In 94 (31%) an autologous graft for the nasal tip was used. The aesthetic result was pleasing to the vast majority of the patients. Nasal tip rigidity resolved in all patients within one year post-operatively. One patient needed revision surgery, because of graft resorption. The nasal lobule shield-type graft, made of autologous cartilage, is one of the most important methods to maintain projection. The graft may also control length, (counter)rotation of the nose and refinement of the tip. The external approach facilitates in-situ suturing and sculpting of the graft.     

Tissue-engineered human nasal septal cartilage using the alginate-recovered-chondrocyte method

OBJECTIVES: Tissue engineering of nasal septal cartilage has numerous potential applications in craniofacial reconstruction. Chondrocytes suspended in alginate gel have been shown to produce a substantial cell-associated matrix. The objective of this study was to determine whether cartilage tissue could be generated using the alginate-recovered-chondrocyte (ARC) method, in which chondrocytes are cultured in alginate as an intermediate step in tissue fabrication. METHODS: Nasal septal chondrocytes from five patient donors were isolated by enzymatic digestion, then expanded in monolayer culture. At confluency, a portion of those cells were seeded at high density onto a semipermeable membrane and cultured for 14, 21, or 28 days (monolayer group). The remaining cells were suspended in alginate and cultured until a cell-associated matrix was observed (10-17 days). Cells and their associated matrix were released from alginate (ARC group), seeded onto a semipermeable membrane, and cultured as already described. DNA (Hoechst 33258 Assay), glycosaminoglycan (GAG; dimethylmethylene blue assay), and collagen (hydroxyproline assay) were analyzed biochemically. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess expression of collagens type I and type II. Histochemistry was performed to localize cells accumulating sulfated GAG (Alcian blue stain). RESULTS: The ARC constructs, in contrast to the monolayer constructs, had substantial structural stability and the histologic and gross appearance of cartilaginous tissue. ARC constructs demonstrated significantly greater GAG and collagen accumulation than monolayer constructs (P <.05). Histologic analysis revealed substantial GAG and collagen type II production and only moderate collagen type I production. The composition of the matrix was thus similar to that of native human septal cartilage. CONCLUSIONS: Tissue-engineered human nasal septal cartilage using the ARC method has the histologic and gross appearance of native cartilage and has biochemical composition more like that of native cartilage than monolayer constructs. This is the first report of human nasal septal neocartilage formation without the use of biodegradable scaffolds.     

Tragal cartilage in the primary reconstruction of defects resulting from a nasal septal abscess

Immediate reconstruction of nasal septal sequestration following a septal abscess with autologous tragal cartilage graft is the method of choice in children and adolescents. On one hand autologous tissue is used, thus foreign body reaction with rejection or irregular resorption does not occur. On the other hand further defects in the posterior septal segment with additional damage to growth zones do not arise. Furthermore local tissue is saved, thus it will be available later, in case revision surgery will be necessary. But in contrast to costal cartilage tragal cartilage is easy to obtain in reconstruction of the nasal septum. No visible or functional defect arise at the donor site.