眼压和轴长在视网膜中央静脉阻塞中的意义

目的　探讨眼压和轴长在视网膜中央静脉阻塞中的意义。方法　应用TX- 10眼压计对4 6例(46只眼) CRVO患者的眼压进行测量。并使用A型超声仪对其中16例CRVO眼轴进行测量,对照组与病例组年龄和性别相配,例数相等。结果　36例CRVO阻塞眼眼压较对侧眼有不同程度降低。CRVO阻塞眼眼压显著低于对侧眼及正常对照眼(P <0 .0 1)。CRVO阻塞眼轴长显著短于对侧眼及正常对照眼(P <0 .0 1)。结论　CRVO可引起眼压降低,短眼轴是CRVO的危险因素。     

有效降低眼压联合尿激酶治疗视网膜静脉阻塞

视网膜静脉阻塞 (ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ ,ＲＶＯ )是较常见的视网膜血管性病变 ,常与静脉回流障碍有关 ,对视力危害较大 ,治疗有一定难度 ,本人于 1992～ 1999年采用有效控制眼压联合尿激酶等药治疗4 8例 (4 8只眼 )取得一定疗效 ,现报道如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　 4 8例ＲＶＯ患者 ,男 2 9例 ,女 19例 ,最大年龄 71岁 ,最小 32岁 ,平均年龄 54.6岁。中央静脉阻塞 14例 ,分支静脉阻塞 34例 ,单眼发病。 4 8例眼压均在正常范围。 4 3例有网膜动脉硬化 ,糖尿病 5例 ,高血压 19例。发病至就诊时间 1周之内 2 2例 ,1…     

眼压和眼轴长与视网膜静脉阻塞的关系

目的探讨眼压和眼轴长与视网膜静脉阻塞（RVO）的关系。方法应用CanonTX-F型眼压计对56例RVO患者的眼压进行测量,并用A超对其眼轴进行测量,对照组为年龄、性别相匹配的98例白内障摘除患者。结果视网膜中央静脉阻塞（CRVO）阻塞眼眼压显著低于对测眼及正常对照眼（P〈0.01）;视网膜分支静脉阻塞（BRVO）阻塞眼眼压与对测眼及正常对照眼比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。CRVO阻塞眼眼轴长与对照眼比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）;BRVO阻塞眼眼轴长与对照眼比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论眼轴长偏短是CR-VO的危险因素,CRVO可引起眼压降低;眼轴长偏短不是BRVO的危险因素,BRVO不能引起眼压降低。     

视网膜电图在视网膜中央静脉阻塞分型中的应用价值

我们选择不同的刺激条件，对32例早期视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)患者进行视网膜电图(electroretinogram,ERG)的检测．缺血型CRVO13例的a、b波潜伏期延长，b波振幅明显下降：非缺血型CRVO19例的a、b波潜伏期延长，b波振幅表现为轻度降低、升高或正常．提示b波振幅和b/a是区分缺血型与非缺血型CRVO的最敏感指标．我们还探讨了ERG在早期CRVO分型中的应用价值。 （中华眼底病杂志，1994，10：7-10）     

双眼视网膜静脉阻塞

报告23例双眼视网膜静脉阻塞，占同期收治视网膜静脉阻塞病例的5.85%.其中男性18例，女性5例，平均年龄55.4岁．双眼视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)2例；1眼CRVO，另1眼视网膜半侧静脉阻塞(HRVO)2例；1眼CRVO，另1眼视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)6例；双眼BRVOl3例。中央和视网膜半侧静脉阻塞14眼，分支静脉阻塞32眼．缺血型19眼，占41%；非缺血型27眼，占59%。双眼发病间隔平均3年零5个月。双眼与单眼发病的危险因素比，统计学差异无显著性。 （中华眼底病杂志，1994，10：174-175）     

视网膜电图在视网膜中央静脉阻塞分型中的应用价值

我们选择不同的刺激条件，对３２例早期视网膜中央静脉阻塞（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｒｅｔｉｎａｌｖｅｉｎｏｃｃｌｕｓｉｏｎ，ＶＲＶＯ）患者进行视网膜电图（ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｒｅｔｉｎｏｇｒａｍ，ＥＲＧ）的检测。缺血型ＣＲＶＯｌ３例的ａ、ｂ波潜伏期延长，ｂ波振幅明显下降；非缺血型ＣＲＶＯ１９例的ａ、ｂ波潜伏期延长，ｂ波振幅表现为轻度降低、升高或正常。提示ｂ波振幅和ｂ／ａ值是区分缺血型与非缺血型ＣＲＶＯ的最敏感指标。我们还探讨了ＥＲＧ在早期ＣＲＶＯ分型中的应用价值。     

中青年性视网膜静脉阻塞

视网膜中央静脉阻塞（ＣＲＶＯ）经常见于老年人，并且与全身血管疾病有关。在中青年中也中见ＣＲＶＯ，多数全身情况良好且无其它眼部疾患。中青年性ＣＲＶＯ多考虑感染为病因之一，又常称视乳头静脉炎。自觉症状有视物模糊，有闪光感等，眼底检查可见单侧性视盘水肿。视网膜静脉纡曲扩张、程度不同的视网膜出血等。献上有称视乳头炎，轻度视网膜血管炎，视盘血客炎，非缺血性ＲＣＶＯ，盲点增大综合征。现已有对中青年性ＣＲＶＯ     

视网膜静脉阻塞分型探讨

视网膜静脉阻塞分型探讨张惠蓉视网膜静脉阻塞病因复杂，阻塞部位和阻塞程度均不同，其并发症和视力预后也各异，因此有必要进行分型。临床上，对如何分型比较合理尚有争议。现根据作者的临床经验和国外学者的分型意见进行探讨。一、分型的两种不同看法Ｈａｙｒｅｈ［１］...     

视网膜黄斑分支静脉阻塞

本文报告黄斑分支静脉阻塞４４例，分析了该病的临床表现和视力预后。黄斑分支静脉阻塞与主干分支静脉阻塞相同，恒发生在动，静脉交叉处。本组阻塞点处动脉位于静脉之上者占９３．０２％，阻塞部位以位于黄斑等第二分支者最多占５９．１％，。     

Central retinal vein occlusion in pseudoexfoliation of the lens capsule

In surveying an extensive group of patients with unilateral pseudoexfoliation of the lens capsule certain interesting points emerged, particularly on the incidence of central retinal vein occlusion in this condition,and perhaps in glaucoma also. A total of 284 patients with unilateral pseudo-exfoliation of the lens capsule were examined clinically after an ophthalmic and general history were taken. Mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was 30.9 mmHg in the affected eye and 18.1 mmHg in the unaffected eye. Central retinal vein occlusion occurred in 10 affected eyes but no unaffected eyes and always in affected eyes with a rise in IOP. Average IOP in the affected eye with central retinal vein occlusion was 37.5 mmHg (range 26-54 mmHg);in the unaffected fellow eye it was 18.0 mmHg (range 11-28 mmHg). Although the process involved in producing pseudo-exfoliation of the lens capsule may contribute to the precipitation of central retinal vein occlusion, these findings suggest the rise in IOP is the more important cause. This may also be so in other forms of glaucoma.     

Ischemic retinal vein occlusion: characterizing the more severe spectrum of retinal vein occlusion

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO)-including central RVO, branch RVO, and hemicentral and hemispheric RVO—is the second most common vascular cause of visual loss, surpassed only by diabetic retinopathy. The presence and extent of retinal ischemia in RVO is associated with a worse prognosis. On this basis, most previously conducted studies considered ischemic retinal vein occlusion (iRVO) and non-iRVO as separate entities based on set thresholds of existing retinal ischemia as determined by fundus fluorescein angiography. Other diagnostic technologies have been used specifically in the differentiation of ischemic central retinal vein occlusion and nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion. To date, there is no fully accepted definition for iRVO. Some clinicians and researchers may favor establishing a clear differentiation between these forms of RVO; others may prefer not to consider iRVO as a separate entity. Whatever the case, retinal ischemia in RVO confers a higher risk of visual loss and neovascular complications; thus, it should be determined as accurately as possible in patients with this disease and be considered in clinical and experimental studies. Most recently conducted clinical trials evaluating new treatments for macular edema secondary to RVO included none or only few patients with iRVO based on previous definitions (i.e., few patients with sizeable areas of retinal ischemia were recruited in these trials), and thus it is unclear whether the results observed in recruited patients could be extrapolated to those with retinal ischemia. There has been scant research aiming at developing and/or testing treatments for retinal ischemia, as well as to prevent new vessel formation as a result of RVO. We provide a detailed review of the knowledge gathered over the years on iRVO, from controversies on its definition and diagnosis to the understanding of its epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis, the structural and functional effects of this disease in the eye and its complications, natural history, and outcomes after treatment. In each section, the definition of iRVO used is given so, independently of whether iRVO is considered a separate clinical entity or a more severe end of the spectrum of RVO, the information will be useful to clinicians to determine patient's risk, guide therapeutic decisions, and counsel patients and for researchers to design future studies.     

Central retinal vein occlusion in a young adult

This report describes a case of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) which was classified as papillophlebitis in a young female adult. In this age group, CRVO is relatively rare and tends to be mild in both its short-term and long-term visual consequences. The patient in this case showed a concurrent episode of bilateral intra-ocular pressure (IOP) elevation and the presence of cilio-retinal arteries in the affected eye. Despite extremely poor vision at presentation and the poor prognostic sign of cilio-retinal arteries, the patient made an excellent visual recovery with only mild paracentral field damage. (Clin Exp Optom 1995; 78: 2: 60–64)     

视网膜分支静脉阻塞的临床分析

目的 为了了解视网膜分支静脉阻塞患者的合并症发生的情况。 方法 回顾性地分析本院1995年10月到1999年10月277例（277只眼）视网膜分支静脉阻塞的病例。 结果 70%以上的病例发病年龄均在55岁以上，81.58%的分支静脉阻塞发生于颞上及颞下象限。分支静脉阻塞合并症的发生率与阻塞的位置密切相关，愈大的分支静脉阻塞，其无灌注区及新生血管的发生率也就愈高。 结论 视网膜分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿发生在发病的早期，无灌注区的出现多在7～12个月，而新生血管的出现，多半在一年以后，因此对这些患者应当有更长期的追踪观察。 （中华眼底病杂志，2002，18：17-19）     

视网膜静脉阻塞的治疗进展

我们从药物治疗、激光治疗和手术治疗等3个方面阐述了视网膜静脉阻塞的治疗近况,并提出了视网膜静脉阻塞未来治疗的展望。     

视网膜静脉阻塞的治疗进展

视网膜静脉阻塞是临床上常见的视网膜疾病,常因严重的并发症致视力下降甚至盲目,到目前尚无针对病因的确切有效的治疗方法。随着对该病发病机制的认识以及眼科技术的发展,国内外学致力研究的方法在动物实验和临床试验都取得了一定成效。     

视网膜静脉阻塞的治疗趋势

视网膜静脉阻塞是仅次于糖尿病视网膜病变的常见视网膜血管病,在疾病的认识史上,它“古老”而“陌生”。致病的多因素及其慢性积累、突然发作,是此病重要特点。目前,在其病因、自然病程和治疗方面仍存在很多争议。眼科治疗的目的主要是控制黄斑水肿、新生血管形成等并发症。抗VEGF疗法的持续应用与玻璃体内注射曲安奈德以及视网膜光凝等联合疗法,形成了目前的治疗趋势。     

视网膜静脉阻塞的预后分析

对近年来关于视网膜静脉阻塞预后的研究进展进行综述，包括影响视网膜静脉阻塞预后的相关因素，各种治疗措施对其预后的影响及判断预后的辅助检查方法。认为临床中应积极防治并发症，争取患者最佳预后视力。     

视网膜静脉阻塞的危险因素分析

目的 分析视网膜中央静脉阻塞(central retinal vein occlusion,CRVO)和视网膜分支静脉阻塞(branch retinal vein occlusion,BRVO)的危险因素;并对CRVO和BRVO危险因素进行直接比较.方法 对46例CRVO(CRVO组)、33例BRVO(BRVO组)与79例老年性白内障或屈光不正患者(对照组)行危险因素和血脂谱分析,并对比观察.结果 多元线性回归分析结果显示:高同型半胱氨酸血症(P＜0.000 1)、高总胆固醇(P=0.003 0)、高脂蛋白a(P =0.027 0)、高血压(P =0.022 0)、短眼轴(P ＜0.000 1)与CRVO显著相关;而高同型半胱氨酸血症(P＜0.0001)、高总胆固醇(P =0.008 0)、高血压(P=0.002 0)、高体质量指数(P=0.004 0)、短眼轴(P=0.001 0)与BRVO相关.一元线性回归分析示CRVO和BRVO上述危险因素比较没有明显差别.结论 CRVO、BRVO危险因素包括系统(高血脂、高血压、高同型半胱氨酸)和眼部(短眼轴)的多种因素,但是这些危险因素在CRVO和BRVO之间没有显著差异.