脾脏包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的: 探讨脾脏包虫囊肿的CT表现特征和鉴别诊断.材料和方法: 回顾性分析经手术病理证实9例脾脏包虫囊肿的CT表现.结果: 9例10个囊肿中,单发8例,多发1例,单纯型6例,多子囊包虫囊肿型3例.CT主要表现: 圆形或椭圆形边缘光整,清晰,密度均匀的水样密度,囊性病变;可见到囊壁弧形线状、间断的钙化1例;母囊内有分隔或大小不等的子囊,囊壁很薄,子囊的密度总是低于母囊密度1例;囊肿破裂继发感染,囊内可见纤细条状及碎片影,密度不均匀,CT值升高1例;增强扫描外囊壁呈轻度增强3例.结论: 脾脏包虫囊肿CT表现较具特征性,CT是诊断该病安全可靠的的检查方法之一,对临床选择治疗方案有重要的意义.     

脾脏包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的：探讨脾脏包虫囊肿的CT表现特征和鉴别诊断。材料和方法：回顾性分析经手术病理证实9例脾脏包虫囊肿的CT表现。结果：9例10个囊肿中，单发8例，多发1例，单纯型6例，多子囊包虫囊肿型3例。CT主要表现：圆形或椭圆形边缘光整，清晰，密度均匀的水样密度，囊性病变；可见到囊壁弧形线状、间断的钙化1例；母囊内有分隔或大小不等的子囊，囊壁很薄，子囊的密度总是低于母囊密度1例；囊肿破裂继发感染，囊内可见纤细条状及碎片影，密度不均匀，CT值升高1例；增强扫描外囊壁呈轻度增强3例。结论：脾脏包虫囊肿CT表现较具特征性，CT是诊断该病安全可靠的的检查方法之一，对临床选择治疗方案有重要的意义。     

肾包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的 :探讨肾包虫囊肿及其破裂感染的CT表现及诊断意义。材料和方法 :本组 7例患者均行CT平扫与增强扫描 ,经手术病理或临床资料证实。结果 :3例单纯型囊肿 ,2例表现为肾实质内水样密度的囊性肿物 ,其边缘光滑 :4例多子囊型囊肿 ,内部含有多个更低密度子囊。 2例破裂 /感染型 ,其内外囊分离 ,1例囊腔内有塌陷折叠并且钙化的内囊膜 ;另 1例囊周水肿并增强。结论 :CT对肾包虫囊肿的定位和定性诊断、分型以及破裂感染的判断颇为准确 ,是目前诊断肾包虫囊肿安全可靠的检查方法     

盆腔棘球蚴病的CT诊断

目的 分析盆腔包虫囊肿的CT表现。评价CT检查的价值。方法 21例经临床和（或）手术病理资料证实为包虫囊肿的病人均经CT检查,分析CT表现特点,并对照手术病理结果。结果 3例单纯性包虫囊肿表现为盆腔内单发或多发的圆形或类圆形囊性低密度灶,不增强;17例多子囊性包虫囊肿,在囊性肿物内还可见更低密度大小不一的子囊;4例破裂感染者,因囊膜剥离而形成“双壁征”,“水蛇征”或“飘带征”,2例继发感染者囊液密度增高,囊壁及其内容物明显强化;囊肿钙化8例。表现为囊壁的弧线形钙化,或伴有内容物的钙化。结论 CT检查能准确地显示盆腔包虫囊肿的部位和形态特征。对该病的诊断和治疗有重要意义。     

颅内包虫病的CT诊断

目的探讨颅内包虫病的CT表现。方法分析经手术、病理证实的6例颅内包虫病的CT征象,其中单发脑内包虫囊肿3例,多发1例,硬膜外包虫囊肿1例,肝脑多发泡型棘球蚴病1例。结果颅内包虫病一般表现为典型囊肿性病变,轮廓清晰、锐利,CT值与脑脊液相似,囊内容物密度均一,囊壁无或轻度增强。脑泡型棘球蚴病无特异CT征象,有时表现酷似脑胶质瘤。结论CT是诊断颅内包虫病简捷、准确的影像学检查方法,密切结合临床资料正确诊断多无困难。     

感染性卵巢囊肿临床CT诊断

目的　分析感染性卵巢囊肿的临床CT表现。方法　全部病例均做CT平扫加增强 ,对其CT表现作回顾性分析。结果　囊肿位于左侧卵巢 14例 ,右侧卵巢 4例。最大囊肿 11cm× 10cm× 11cm ,最小者 4cm× 3cm× 3cm。囊壁见不同程度增厚 ,呈“逐渐形”增厚者 15例 ;呈“相对均匀形”增厚者 3例。囊壁增厚均在 1.0cm以上 ,最厚达 2 .0cm ,增厚壁的长度均大于囊肿的 1/2周长。但囊壁内缘光整。囊壁平扫呈软组织密度 ,增强后轻度强化。结论　感染性卵巢囊肿CT表现具有一定特征性     

眼眶上皮植入性囊肿的影像学表现

目的探讨眼眶上皮植入性囊肿的影像表现特征,以提高对其的诊断水平。资料与方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的11例眼眶上皮植入性囊肿患者的影像表现,11例均行MRI检查,其中5例行CT扫描。结果11例单发病灶位于眼眶的不同部位,其中8例位于眶隔后软组织内,2例位于眶隔前软组织内,1例位于外直肌附着处。7例为单房囊肿,3例为多房囊肿,1例为囊实性肿块。CT图像上5例表现为略低密度,MRT1WI10例为低信号,1例为高信号,T2WI均为高信号;增强扫描单房囊肿囊壁环形强化,多房囊肿囊壁及囊内分隔强化呈蜂窝状。在CT或MRI图像上,11例均显示眼眶外伤或术后改变。结论眼眶上皮植入性囊肿的影像表现具有一定的特征性;眼眶外伤或术后影像表现可提示该病的诊断。     

乳腺细粒棘球蚴病的影像特征及诊断

目的 分析乳腺细粒棘球蚴病(又称包虫病)的乳腺X线、CT表现,探讨其影像特点.方法 11例经手术病理证实的乳腺包虫病患者均行乳腺X线摄影,1例行CT检查.结果 11例乳腺包虫囊肿,9例为单发,2例为多发,其中1例单发者因外伤而破裂.乳腺X线征象表现为大小不等单发或多发类圆形阴影,密度高或低,边缘光滑锐利,5例出现钙化,2例表现为囊壁弧线形“蛋壳”样钙化,3例囊肿内有斑点状钙化,1例破裂后呈空洞样改变,出现“日环食”征.1例做CT扫描者见类似水样密度的囊状影,有完整包膜.结论 乳腺X线摄影能准确显示乳腺包虫病囊肿的部位和形态特征,结合临床及流行病学史能提高对乳腺包虫病的认识.     

脾肾包虫囊肿的CT诊断

目的：提高对脾肾包虫囊肿及其破裂感染CT表现的认识。方法：报告4例经手术病理证实的脾肾包虫囊肿CT所见，并讨论本病的破裂感染及鉴别诊断。结果：单纯型包虫囊肿1例，呈水样均匀低密度囊性肿物边缘光整。多子囊型2例，母囊内见多个更低密度的子囊。破裂感染型包虫囊肿1例，其内外囊分离内囊膜塌陷伴内外囊壁不规则钙化。结论：CT对脾肾包虫囊肿的诊断，分型及有无破裂感染的判断颇为准确。     

脾脏包虫囊肿的CT诊断（附6例报告）

报告了6例经手术、病理证实的脾包虫囊肿的CT表现。其主要征象是;(1)圆形或椭圆形边界清楚的水样密度囊性病变。(2)可见到囊壁和外囊壁的环形钙化。(3)母囊内有子囊,子囊的密度低于母囊密度。并讨论了本病的破裂感染和与某些少见病例的鉴别诊断。     

纵隔棘球蚴病的CT表现

目的:探讨纵隔棘球蚴病的CT表现。方法:回顾性分析10年以来的5例纵隔棘球蚴囊肿的CT影像特点。结果:5例病灶为圆形或椭圆形囊性肿块,壁略厚。2例病灶为单囊型,其中1例病灶囊肿壁钙化;3例病灶为多囊型,其中2例病灶囊肿壁有钙化。增强扫描棘球蚴囊肿壁均强化明显。结论:CT对纵隔棘球蚴病定位、定性有较高的诊断价值。     

CT and MRI findings in cerebral hydatid disease

Cerebal hydatid cysts account for 2% of all intracranial masses. Preoperative diagnosis is important since cyst rupture and spillage may cause an anaphylactic reaction. CT is the primary modality for the diagnosis. Two forms of cerebral hydatid cysts have been reported on the basis of CT appearances: unilocular and multilocular. Demostration of the cyst wall is important for the diagnosis. MRI is superior to CT for demostrating the cyst capsule and perifocal oedema. We retrospectively reviewed the CT and MRI findings of 6 surgically proven cases of cerebal hydatid cyst and compared the two modalities on the basis of their demonstration of findings helpful in the diagnosis, such as the capsule and perifocal oedema. In 1 case CT showed the capsule. In 2 cases MRI showed a hypointense capsule around the cyst on T2-weighted images. While CT is the modality of choice, in clinical practice MRI is superior for demonstrating the cys capsule, which is a helpful findings in the diagnosis and can be used in inconculsive cases. Correspondence to: U. Topal     

New diagnostic signs in hydatid disease; radiography, ultrasound, CT and MRI correlated to pathology

Seventeen of 70 patients with hydatid disease had verified Echinococcus granulosus infection of the chest. In 14 patients (20%), the primary location was the lung parenchyma. Two patients had primary and one secondary mediastinal hydatid cysts, and one patient a primary hydatid cyst of the chest wall. In three above-mentioned patients, secondary pleural involvement occurred, of which two were due to ruptured pulmonary cysts and one due to an hydatid cyst arising in the liver and having prolapsed into the chest. In all cases, clinical findings, radiography, ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were correlated to macroscopic and microscopic pathology. Characteristic signs made recognition of hydatid disease possible, sometimes even when serologic tests had been non-conclusive. Assessment of other cysts throughout the body with or without involvement of neighbouring organs or tissues allowed appropriate therapeutic management. CT and MRI also played a key role in recognizing complications (e.g., rupture, infection of cysts).     

肝棘球蚴病破入胆系的CT诊断

目的 分析肝棘球蚴病破入胆系的CT表现，评价CT诊断的价值。方法 回顾性分析15例经手术证实的肝棘球蚴病破人胆系的CT表现：结果 15例肝棘球蚴病共有囊肿20个，其中单房单囊9个，单房多囊6个，多房多囊5个。囊壁有钙化2例；15例肝棘球蚴病均破入肝内胆管，同时破入胆总管12例，破入胆囊者2例。主要CT表现为：肝棘球蚴病合并胆系扩张。结论 CT检查能明确揭示肝棘球蚴病破入胆系的影像特点，可为术前诊断提供可靠的依据。     

中肾管囊肿的CT与MRI诊断

目的：通过回顾分析手术病理证实的中肾管囊肿的CT或MRI表现,提高中肾管囊肿CT与MRI的影像诊断水平。方法：回顾分析25例手术病理证实的中肾管囊肿的CT或MRI表现,5例行CT平扫加增强,21例行MRI平扫加增强,其中1例同时行CT和MRI平扫加增强。结果：本组病例全部为女性,单发23例,多发2例,位于输卵管系膜内19例,其中双侧2例;子宫正后方1例,腹膜后3例,下腹部2例。CT表现为圆形或卵圆形,低密度薄壁囊性肿块,边界清楚,1例腹膜后中肾管囊肿壁见多发钙化并右肾下垂、旋转不良、右侧输尿管异位;MRI表现为长T1长T2薄壁囊性肿块,1例腹膜后中肾管囊肿后壁可见一小囊;增强扫描,4例位于输卵管系膜内中肾管囊肿表现为囊壁部分弧线状强化,其余病例囊壁及囊内未见强化。结论：中肾管囊肿有其典型的发病部位,结合临床,CT或MRI可以提示中肾管囊肿的诊断,显示钙化方面CT优于MRI,显示病灶囊变结构及与周围结构之间关系,MRI检查优于CT。     

Inferiorly located retrobulbar hydatid cyst: CT and MRI features

Orbital hydatid cyst is rare. Hydatid cysts in other organ systems are not mentioned in the previous papers emphasizing an orbital hydatid. Four cases of inferiorly located retrobulbar hydatid cysts have been reported previously. We present a rare inferiorly located retrobulbar hydatid cyst case in a Turkish child that also had multiple hydatid lesions in the lungs and the liver. We present the orbital CT and MRI findings. Preoperative diagnosis is important to avoid cyst rupture. Although hydatid disease is prevalent in South America, Australasia, the Middle East and Mediterranean countries, increased travel-isolated cases can be seen anywhere in the world.     

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings in cerebral hydatid disease

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the discriminative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of cerebral hydatid disease.Methods: The CT and MRI findings of four cases of surgically proven cerebral hydatid cysts were retrospectively reviewed. Results: CT demonstrated well-defined cystic lesions with no perilesional oedema and no contrast enhancement in all cases except one recurrent disease that showed both peripheral oedema and rim enhancement. MR images revealed well-defined cystic lesions with a quite clear rim that showed relative hypointensity limited to some aspects of the cyst walls on T2-weighted images. The cysts were spherical and obvious mass effect was observed on both CT and MR examinations. Conclusions: Although the cystic nature of intracranial hydatid disease could be equally well demonstrated on CT and MR examinations, CT is superior in detecting calcification of the cyst wall or septa, when present, and MR is better in demonstrating cyst capsule, detecting multiplicity and defining the anatomic relationship of the lesion with the adjacent structures and helps in surgical planning.