病人的饮食营养与营养教育

饮食营养不但关系到正常人的健康，对病人尤为重要，许多疾病需要营养配合治疗；有些疾病或创伤则主要依靠营养支持或调整；对于一般病人营养能够影响疾病珠转归，改善代谢，修补组织并使病人曰日痊愈，因此，临床护士珂通过对病人的营养评价，找出病人在营养上存在的主要问题，确定病的营养需要，为病人提供适宜的饮食营养。     

浅谈老年病人的营养饮食及护理

老年病人指60岁以上的老人，他们在生理、心里方面有着同其他年龄段人群不同的特点，在饮食营养方面也必然与众不同。因此，护理人员应结合老年人的生理、心里特点，为他们提供科学、周到的饮食营养护理要求。     

血液透析病人的饮食与营养

慢性肾衰竭、尿毒症期肾病(ESRD)是一种严重的常见的疾病,目前其治疗方法主要为肾移植、腹膜透析(PD)及血液透析(HD)3种[1].且国内外仍以HD为主,并呈逐年递增趋势,对于慢性维持性HD病人来说,在饮食方面与血液透析前的肾衰竭饮食有着明显的不同,除了规律性的血液透析外,饮食疗法具有十分重要的意义.饮食得当不仅可以补充和调节体内由代谢紊乱和分泌不足所引起的不良后果,预防并发症,还可以延长病人的生命.     

血液透析病人的饮食与营养

慢性肾衰竭、尿毒症期肾病（ESRD）是一种严重的常见的疾病,目前其治疗方法主要为肾移植、腹膜透析（PD）及血液透析（HD）3种。且国内外仍以HD为主,并呈逐年递增趋势,对于慢性维持性HD病人来说,在饮食方面与血液透析前的肾衰竭饮食有着明显的不同,除了规律性的血液透析外,饮食疗法具有十分重要的意义。饮食得当不仅可以补充和调节体内由代谢紊乱和分泌不足所引起的不良后果,     

病人饮食营养的护理进展

近代医学主张采取包括医疗、护理和营养三方面密切配合的综合治疗才能获得最好的疗效。营养不但关系到正常人的健康，对病人更是尤为重要。许多疾病需要营养配合治疗；有些疾病或创伤则主要依靠营养支持或调整；对于一般病人而言，营养能够影响疾病的转归，改善代谢，修补组织并使病人早日痊愈。可见，饮食治疗、护理与疾病治疗同样重要。因此运用营养学，医学及护理学的基本理论和学术观点指导临床护理工作并对病人开展饮食和营养教育，直接影响医院营养工作质量的护理效果。     

病人饮食营养的护理进展

近代医学主张采取包括医疗、护理和营养三方面密切配合的综合治疗才能获得最好的疗效。营养不但关系到正常人的健康,对病人更是尤为重要。许多疾病需要营养配合治疗;有些疾病或创伤则主要依靠营养支持或调整;对于一般病人而言,营养能够影响疾病的转归,改善代谢,修补组织并使病人早     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

目的 探讨饮食教育对骨科术后病人进食结构的影响,以及对预防便秘的作用.方法 将骨科手术的手术后病人随机分为试验组和对照组,试验组符合纳入标准48例,对照组49例.试验组于术后当日及术后第2天分2次接受专门的饮食教育,对照组接受常规指导.记录病人术后3 d内的进食种类、量及排便情况.结果 试验组术后2～3 d蔬菜进食率均明显高于对照组(X2=6.95;7.24;P均<0.05);试验组术后1～2 d主食进食量均明显高于对照组(t=2.077;3.084;P均<0.05);试验组术后2～3 d蔬菜进食量均明显高于对照组(t=2.205;2.341;P均<0.05);术后便秘症状评分,试验组为6.85±3.32,对照组为8.63±3.27(t=2.660,P<0.05),两组差异有显著性.结论 对病人进行饮食教育能够有效降低骨科术后病人便秘症状评分,即饮食教育能够降低术后便秘的发生;饮食结构不合理主要表现为术后3 d内主食类、蔬菜类的量不足.因此,进行饮食教育时应强调术后适宜的主食量和蔬菜量,特别应重视病人术后3 d内的进食情况.     

以学定教式饮食营养教育在直肠癌化疗病人营养干预中的应用

目的:探讨以学定教式饮食营养教育在直肠癌化疗病人营养干预中的应用效果。方法:按照随机数字表法将2017年6月—2020年6月收治的116例直肠癌化疗病人分为观察组及对照组各58例,对照组化疗期间行常规营养指导,观察组化疗期间实施以学定教式饮食营养教育。干预前后采用自行设计的化疗病人营养知识调查问卷、饮食依从性量表、欧洲癌症研究小组研制的癌症病人生活质量核心评定量表V3.0(EORTCQLQ-C30)中文版评价两组病人营养知识、饮食依从性及生活质量,比较两组病人干预前后营养状况及化疗副反应情况。结果:观察组病人干预后营养知识评分、饮食依从性评分及EORTCQLQ-C30总评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组病人干预后前白蛋白(PAB)、血清白蛋白(Alb)、血清血红蛋白(Hb)水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组病人消化道不良反应、神经毒性、骨髓毒性等副反应等级低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:以学定教式饮食营养教育可提高直肠癌化疗病人营养相关知识及饮食依从性,从而改善病人营养状况,减轻病人化疗副反应,提高病人化疗期间生活质量。     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

Objective To study the effect of diet education on preventing constipation among orthopedic inpafients, and the relationship between diet education and food - taking pattern of postoperative pa-tients. Methods 97 orthopedic inpafients who have been operated on spine were randomly divided into experimen-tal group (n =48) and control group (n = 49) . Patients in experimental group were given diet education at the operation day and second day after operation. Patients in control group were given routine intervention. The sorts and amounts of food taken in the three days after operation and defecation score were collected. Results The rate of vegetable taken by patients in the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group(X<'2> =6.95;7. 24;all P <0.05) ;The amount of staple food taken by patients at the first and sec-ond day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t= 2.077 ;3. 084;all P <0.05) ;The amount of vegetable taken by patients at the second and third day after operation in experimental group was higher than that in control group (t=0.025 ;2.341 ;all P<0.05 ). Defecation score of patients in experimental group (6.85±3.32) was lower than that of control group(8.63±3.27 ), (t=2.66 P<0.05 ). Conclusions Di-et education can prevent constipation of these patients after operation. The inadequate amount of staple food and vegetable were the main unreasonableness that exists among these patients. So the adequate amount of staple food and vegetable should be emphasized when diet education is given and we should take the condition of patients tak-ing food more serious in three days after operation.     

饮食教育预防骨科术后病人便秘的研究

目的:探讨饮食教育对骨科术后病人进食结构的影响,预防便秘的发生.方法:将骨科择期手术的116例术后病人随机分为实验组57例,对照组59例.实验组于术前1d及术后第2日分2次接受专门的饮食教育,对照组接受常规指导.记录病人术后6d内的进食种类、量及排便情况.结果:实验组术后第1、2日主食进食量及第3日蔬菜进食量均明显高于对照组(t=2.33、2.02、2.02,P均＜0.05);术后便秘评分,实验组3.06±3.61,对照组5.04±3.62(t=2.99,P＜0.05);与便秘相关的多因素的多元线性逐步回归分析显示,术后第1日主食量与术后便秘评分呈直线负相关.结论:对病人进行饮食教育能够有效降低骨科术后病人便秘评分,即饮食教育能够降低术后便秘的发生;饮食结构不合理可能主要由术后主食类、蔬菜类的量不足造成.因此进行饮食教育时应强调术后适宜的主食量和蔬菜量,特别应重视病人术后第1日的进食情况.