基于Linux操作系统嵌入式心电记录仪的设计

介绍了一种基于ARM9和Linux操作系统的心电记录仪。该记录仪以32位低功耗ARM9微处理器S3C2410X为核心,在其上移植了Linux操作系统,利用轻量级的图形用户界面支持系统MiniGUI进行软件界面开发,实现了心电信号的实时采集显示、心率计算、心律失常分析并利用GPRS进行心律失常报警等功能。为了检验系统的性能,使用心电信号模拟发生器(MPS450多参数模拟器)产生各种类型的心电信号,用该记录仪进行采集分析,记录仪分析获得的心率值与模拟发生器产生的心率值基本相同,当模拟发生器产生异常心电时,记录仪通过GPRS发出报警信息,同时在主界面上显示心律失常类型。实验结果表明,该记录仪能实时采集显示心电波形,当发生心动过速、心动过缓、心律不齐、漏搏、停搏时,能通过GPRS进行实时报警,实现了心电信号的无线远程实时监护。     

基于颞肌表面肌电信号控制的无线鼠标

鼠标作为计算机的输入设备在现代生活中已必不可少,而现有的鼠标主要是由健康人的手来操控的,还没有截肢伤残人士专用的鼠标,但是对于这些伤残者来说,在很多情况下也需要使用计算机和鼠标。近年来国内外均已展开助残鼠标的研究:上海科生假肢有限公司的兆峰、罗永昭等人发     

基于ARM9的心电监护系统

背景：针对传统心电监护系统操作不便,成本较高,功耗较大的缺点,研制基于ARM9和嵌入式Linux操作系统的心电监护系统。目的：设计基于ARM9和嵌入式Linux操作系统的心电监护系统硬件、软件平台。方法：硬件平台方面,采用S3C2440处理器作为处理器,采用AD620作为信号采集放大模块,利用S3C2440内部集成的CMOS模数转换器实现A/D转换功能,人机交互界面采用TFT液晶触摸屏。软件方面,移植Linux操作系统并对心电信号按Mallat算法进行小波变换,实现QRS波识别。结果与结论：基于S3C2440和嵌入式Linux操作系统的心电监护系统,能够有效地降低成本,减小设备体积。良好的人机交互界面简单易学,能满足日常家庭使用需要。     

基于ARM9的心电监护系统

背景:针对传统心电监护系统操作不便,成本较高,功耗较大的缺点,研制基于ARM9和嵌入式Linux操作系统的心电监护系统。目的:设计基于ARM9和嵌入式Linux操作系统的心电监护系统硬件、软件平台。方法:硬件平台方面,采用S3C2440处理器作为处理器,采用AD620作为信号采集放大模块,利用S3C2440内部集成的CMOS模数转换器实现A/D转换功能,人机交互界面采用TFT液晶触摸屏。软件方面,移植Linux操作系统并对心电信号按Mallat算法进行小波变换,实现QRS波识别。结果与结论:基于S3C2440和嵌入式Linux操作系统的心电监护系统,能够有效地降低成本,减小设备体积。良好的人机交互界面简单易学,能满足日常家庭使用需要。     

数字化血液标本采集质量培训模块的研制与应用

目的 探讨用医院数字化信息系统设计培训模块,对护士进行血液标本采集质量培训,以提高其血液标本采集质量.方法 根据检验科记录的不合格标本类型,用循证方法收集证据资料,分别制作成检验项目目录、试管选择、标本血量、患者准备及理论依据、影响质量因素、质量信息等模块,用模块内容对护士进行培训.结果 培训前、培训后同季节的3个月,血液标本不合格率分别为0.56%和0.34%.经χ~2检验,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义.结论 数字化血液标本采集质量培训模块对护士血液标本采集质量的提高有实际指导意义.     

医用CO2浓度检测系统设计及信号处理方法研究

目的 研究一种基于NDIR非分光红外吸收气体检测原理的医用CO2浓度实时检测系统.方法 采用单光源双光路的主流式一体化方法进行传感器气室设计,以ADμC7026为主控芯片实现硬件系统控制,并利用该芯片的资源优势和数据处理优势进行温度补偿,参数校准以及数据映射等信号处理.结果 通过实验证明,该系统运行稳定,响应快,数据准确可靠,基本误差较小.结论 该系统能够用于对呼吸CO2浓度进行连续地实时监测和参数计算,为医生了解患者病情提供直观的参考信息.     

医疗环境中电脑键盘及鼠标带菌状况的调查

伴随着医院信息化建设及日益增长的医疗业务开展,几乎所有的临床科室和行政科室都有电脑的使用.这些使用中的电脑,通常会受到医院各种环境因素的影响,而污染大量医院环境中可能存在的致病菌或条件致病菌.     

JK-Ⅰ型心电信号电话传输系统的研究

应用JK-Ⅰ型心电信号电话传输系统进行了系统内直接传输及各类电话长短途传输对照实验,对37人次359帧心电图进行对照分析,并对5887个基本波形逐个分析比较,结果表明该系统对心电信号的传输质量稳定可靠,准确清晰。对12例心脏病或伴心律失常患者进行模拟心脏康复家庭病房的家庭—医院心电信号电话传输,初步结果显示对重危层心血管康复患者的实时应急诊断,对病情不稳定的中危层患者监测及对低危层患者的定期复查提供了迅速简便而有效的远距离监护手段,为建立心脏康复家庭病房创造了决定性条件。     

基于脑电信号模式识别与采集的假肢控制系统

介绍了脑电信号产生的原理、部位和所包含的生理信息，分析了对脑电信号进行模式识别的目的、方法、步骤，以及脑电信号采集领域的最新发展与相关医学原理。其中脑电信号模式识别的步骤包括信息获取、预处理、特征提取和选择、分类决策与识别。通过研究脑电信号和假肢运动的联系，得出利用脑电信号控制假肢的可行性结论设计出以头皮电极、假肢电极为起点，经过差动放大电路、假肢驱动电路、前置放大电路、陷波电路、中级放大电路和滤波电路到达终点模，数转换器的基于脑电信号模式识别与采集的假肢控制系统，实践证明其能够满足脑电假肢的各种要求。     

基于经验模式分解与独立分量分析的心电信号消噪方法

针对小波独立分量分析法(W-ICA)在心电信号消噪中小波变换缺乏自适应性,且较难选取最优小波基的问题,提出了一种将经验模式分解与独立分量分析相结合的小波独立分量分析法.该方法结合经验模式分解与独立分量分析各自的优点,利用经验模式分解对心电信号进行自适应分解,然后应用独立分量分析法对选取的本征模态函数进行分离,将分离后的分量进行两层重构,从而得消噪后的心电信号.通过利用MIT-BIH心率失常数据库中的数据进行仿真实验,结果表明该方法可以较好地消除心电信号中的噪声,消噪后信号与原信号的相关系数可达0.96.     

基于嵌入式Linux和GPRS远程心电监护的终端设计

实验设计了一种基于嵌入式Linux和GPRS的多任务远程心电监护终端，实现了心电信号的实时采集、显示、分析、存储及远程无线传输，同时实现了人机交互，扩展了终端的功能。硬件方面，采用ARM9核心的$3C2410A作为处理器，采用Q2403A作为GPRS通信模块，采用TFT液晶触摸屏作为人机交互界面。软件方面，移植了2．6．15版本内核的Linux操作系统，整个终端的软件设计基于嵌入式Linux。文章重点讨论了软件设计部分3个关键问题的实现方法。①任务模块的划分：根据心电监护终端的多任务要求和系统的结构化要求，将软件部分划分为6个任务模块。②多任务的实现及实时性的保障：终端多任务的实现运用了Linux的多线程机制；实时性的保障除了运用多线程外，还对Linux内核的时钟中断函数进行了一定的改造。⑧GPRS的实现：利用Linux本身的TCP／IP协议栈和其拨号程序完成GPRS网络的接入，之后通过Socket编程实现监护终端与远程心电监护中心的双向数据传输。     

Translating an academic module into an online resource

Blended learning, which combines face-to-face sessions with online work, is used to provide flexible learning and courses for students who are geographically dispersed. Canterbury Christ Church University recognised the importance of developing an academic module for dispensing opticians across the UK and the requirement to address the needs of an increasingly diverse population of students. Following interest in the module from the Association of British Dispensing Opticians, a decision was made to reformat the module into an online resource. This article describes some of the pedagogical processes involved in developing the online resource. Quantitative and qualitative data are analysed to identify challenges and successes. The importance of developing an educational biography to achieve depth of understanding and thought is acknowledged. The article concludes that some face-to-face interaction is still necessary, not least for helping to reduce students' anxiety.     

A system for portable sleep apnea diagnosis using an embedded data capturing module

Sleep apnea (SA) is a very common disease with serious health consequences, yet is very under-diagnosed, partially because of the high cost and limited accessibility of in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG). The purpose of this work is to introduce a newly developed portable system for the diagnosis of SA at home that is both reliable and easy to use. The system includes personal devices for recording breath sounds and airflow during sleep and diagnostic algorithms to process the recorded data. The data capturing device consists of a wearable face frame with an embedded electronic module featuring a unidirectional microphone, a differential microphone preamplifier, a microcontroller with an onboard differential analogue to digital converter, and a microSD memory card. The device provides continuous data capturing for 8 h. Upon completion of the recording session, the memory card is returned to a location for acoustic analysis. We recruited 49 subjects who used the device independently at home, after which each subject answered a usability questionnaire. Random data samples were selected to measure the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a gauge of hardware functionality. A subset of 11 subjects used the device on 2 different nights and their results were compared to examine diagnostic reproducibility. Independent of those, system’s performance was evaluated against PSG in the lab environment in 32 subject. The overall success rate of applying the device in un-attended settings was 94 % and the overall rating for ease-of-use was ‘excellent’. Signal examination showed excellent capturing of breath sounds with an average SNR of 31.7 dB. Nine of the 11 (82 %) subjects had equivalent results on both nights, which is consistent with reported inter-night variability. The system showed 96 % correlation with simultaneously performed in-lab PSG. Conclusion: Our results suggest excellent usability and performance of this system and provide a strong rationale to further improve it and test its robustness in a larger study.     

Incorporating a built environment module into an accelerated second-degree community health nursing course

ABSTRACT Environmental quality is a leading indicator of population health. Environmental health content has been integrated into the curriculum of an Accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing program for second-degree students through development of an environmental health nursing module for the final-semester community health nursing course. The module was developed through collaboration between two professional schools at Duke University (the School of Nursing and the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences). It focused on the role of the built environment in community health and featured a mix of teaching strategies, including five components: (1) classroom lecture with associated readings, (2) two rounds of online small-group student discussions, (3) assessment of the built environment in local neighborhoods by student teams, (4) team presentation of the neighborhood assessments, and (5) individual student papers synthesizing the conclusions from all team presentations. The goal of the module was to provide nursing students with an organizing framework for integrating environmental health into clinical practice and an innovative tool for understanding community-level components of public health.     

Crossing boundaries: implementing an interprofessional module into uniprofessional Bachelor programmes

In accordance with the curriculum reforms within health education in Norway, the Faculty of Health Sciences at Oslo University College introduced in 1998 an interprofessional module, entitled "VEKS", for eight different professional programmes. A shared module of 30 credits (15 for technically oriented programmes) was introduced into the three-year programmes. A problem-based and project-oriented format was chosen as the teaching and learning model to enhance the interactive, experiential and collaborative learning. This paper describes experience gained during the five-year implementation period. Empirical data were collected through participatory observations, students' and tutors' evaluations and group interviews with tutors and faculty leaders. The innovative project described challenged traditional educational boundaries and structures, frames of thought and habits. It broadened perspectives within the particular professional programmes as well as preparing students for their future professional careers. Lessons learned can be summed up as: Time, resources and a certain staff consensus are needed to deal with and overcome traditions and attitudes, the students' learning is a socialization process which needs to be developed over time; intermittent interprofessional interventions during the three-year period was found to be inadequate, and the tutor role is essential in order to support the students' learning process.     

Crossing boundaries: Implementing an interprofessional module into uniprofessional Bachelor programmes

In accordance with the curriculum reforms within health education in Norway, the Faculty of Health Sciences at Oslo University College introduced in 1998 an interprofessional module, entitled “VEKS”, for eight different professional programmes. A shared module of 30 credits (15 for technically oriented programmes) was introduced into the three-year programmes. A problem-based and project-oriented format was chosen as the teaching and learning model to enhance the interactive, experiential and collaborative learning. This paper describes experience gained during the five-year implementation period. Empirical data were collected through participatory observations, students' and tutors' evaluations and group interviews with tutors and faculty leaders. The innovative project described challenged traditional educational boundaries and structures, frames of thought and habits. It broadened perspectives within the particular professional programmes as well as preparing students for their future professional careers. Lessons learned can be summed up as: Time, resources and a certain staff consensus are needed to deal with and overcome traditions and attitudes, the students' learning is a socialization process which needs to be developed over time; intermittent interprofessional interventions during the three-year period was found to be inadequate, and the tutor role is essential in order to support the students' learning process.     

组织工程生物反应器嵌入式实时检测控制系统的设计

背景:组织工程生物反应器通过模拟体内环境,可为细胞或组织提供适宜的生长条件,并能培养出与体内结构和功能相似的三维细胞或组织.目的:对水平旋转生物反应器培养细胞或组织的环境需求进行分析,针对其特殊的环境需求提出了基于Linux和ARM9嵌入式处理器的生物反应器检测控制系统设计.方法:以系统对实验室自制的生物反应器进行控制监测.实验主要完成支架材料制备,实验用主要仪器(自动台式灭菌器,气液膜,液液膜电子分析天平等)准备,实验材料-骨髓间充质干细胞的原代、传代培养及制备,以及系统对反应器的转速和蠕动泵控制,温度,pO2,pH值的检测.结果与结论:与单片机控制检测系统相比,改进系统驱动控制方式,提高了控制精度,增强检测灵敏度.同时新设计增加了养分压以及pH值检测,进一步完善了反应器的功能.     

基于嵌入式系统便携式音乐治疗仪的设计

音乐疗法与传统医学电刺激疗法相结合产生的音乐电疗法是一种新型数字化医学技术.实验研究开发了一种便携式音乐治疗仪,该治疗仪能够提供电刺激输出和音频信号输出,通过LCD提供视觉信号,在治疗的同时能够播放视频、动画和游戏,具备良好的人机交互功能.系统采用嵌入式ARM-WinCE开发而成,系统硬件核心为ARM9处理器S3C2440,GUI开发工具为Windows CE.结果提示,完成了该便携式音乐治疗仪的开发和测试.系统具有体积小、可靠性高、低成本、人机交互能力强等特点,作为临床医学研究和家庭保健医疗仪器具有较大的实际意义.