The Initial Economic Burden of Femur Fractures on Informal Caregivers in Dar es Salaam,Tanzania

BackgroundFemur fracture patients require significant in-hospital care. The burden incurred by caregivers of such patients amplifies the direct costs of these injuries and remains unquantified.AimHere we aim to establish the in-hospital economic burden faced by informal caregivers of femur fracture patients.Methods70 unique caregivers for 46 femoral shaft fracture patients were interviewed. Incurred economic burden was determined by the Human Capital Approach, using standardized income data to quantify productivity loss (in $USD). Linear regression assessed the relationship between caregiver burden and patient time-in-hospital.ResultsThe average economic burden incurred was $149, 9% of a caregiver''s annual income and positively correlated with patient time in hospital (p<0.01).ConclusionCaregivers of patients treated operatively for femur fractures lost a large portion of their annual income, and this loss increased with patient time in hospital. These indirect costs of femur fracture treatment constitute an important component of the total injury burden.     

深圳市龙岗区中小学生超重、肥胖状况调查分析

目的分析深圳市龙岗区中小学生超重与肥胖状况。方法采用多级分层整群抽样法对深圳市龙岗区7所中小学校7～18岁的学生进行体格检查和问卷调查。应用"中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体质指数分类标准"筛查出各年龄组男女生超重与肥胖人数,分析比较各年龄组男女生超重与肥胖检出率。结果深圳市龙岗区中小学生男生超重、肥胖率分别为12.27%和7.65%,女生超重、肥胖率分别为8.71%和5.25%,男女生超重率均高于肥胖率。小学男、女生超重检出率分别为14.43%和10.20%(χ2=24.901,P<0.01),小学男、女生肥胖检出率分别为10.65%和7.19%(χ2=22.130,P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。中学男、女生超重检出率分别为10.10%和7.16%(χ2=16.148,P<0.01),中学男、女生肥胖检出率分别为4.62%和3.24%(χ2=24.990,P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。结论深圳市龙岗区中小学生超重与肥胖问题严重,尤其是小学男生。各学校、社区、家庭及有关管理部门应进一步加强中小学生的健康卫生教育工作,防止中小学生超重、肥胖进一步蔓延。     

学龄儿童单纯性肥胖对智商影响的meta分析

目的 应用meta分析正确评价学龄儿童单纯性肥胖对智商的影响。方法 对检索到的符合标准的11篇相关文献进行meta分析，选择随机效应模型进行统计处理。结果 单纯性肥胖组与对照组儿童智商比较，平均较应尺度为-0．3385，平均效应尺度的95％可信区间为-0．8036～0．1266。结论 单纯性肥胖对智商影响的meta分析结果无统计学意义。