生脉注射液对大鼠阿霉素心肌损伤的保护作用及其抗细胞凋亡机制研究

目的探讨生脉注射液对阿霉素心肌损伤的作用是否为通过抗细胞凋亡机制。方法腹腔注射阿霉素建立大鼠阿霉素心肌损伤模型。观察大鼠心率变化,计算死亡率;测定各组大鼠肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）;TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡;免疫组化检测Bax、Bcl-2蛋白水平表达;RT-PCR检测Bax、Bcl-2mRNA水平表达。结果生脉注射液在蛋白、mRNA水平可明显使Bcl-2表达增加,Bax表达减少;减少CK-MB释放,减少死亡率。与模型组比较均有显著性意义（P〈0.01或0.05）,其疗效成一定剂量依赖性。结论生脉注射液对大鼠阿霉素心肌损伤有明显疗效,其机制可能与抑制细胞凋亡等作用有关。     

白藜芦醇对小鼠阿霉素性心肌损伤的保护作用及机制

目的研究白藜芦醇(Res)对阿霉素(ADM)诱导的心肌损伤的保护作用及机制。方法一次性腹腔注射ADM(15mg·kg-1),建立小鼠阿霉素急性心肌损伤模型,并观察白藜芦醇预防性给药的保护作用。结果与正常对照组相比,ADM可使小鼠心电图QRS波电压幅度下降(P<0.01),心律失常率发生达60%;心肌超微结构损伤明显;血清中MDA、NO含量及LDH活性升高,SOD活性降低;p53蛋白表达升高(P<0.01)。与ADM损伤组相比,5、10、15mg·kg-1白藜芦醇呈剂量依赖性降低血清LDH活性和MDA、NO含量,增加SOD活性;减少QRS波电压下降幅度和心律失常发生率;下调p53蛋白表达(P<0.01或P<0.05);减轻电镜下心肌超微结构损伤。白藜芦醇对正常小鼠仅升高SOD活性,对其余指标无明显影响。结论Res对阿霉素性心脏损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与其增强心肌SOD活力、抗脂质过氧化和抑制心肌细胞凋亡有关。     

褪黑素对阿霉素致心肌损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的观察褪黑素(Melatonin,MLT)对阿霉素(Adriamycin)诱导的原代乳鼠心肌细胞的保护作用及其量效关系。方法采用体外培养乳鼠心肌细胞,用阿霉素制备心肌细胞损伤模型,实验设正常对照组(C组)、阿霉素组(在培养液中加入阿霉素lmg/L)及在加入阿霉素前30分钟给予褪黑素(MLT)50、100、200 mol.L-1组(M1,M2,M3组)。观察褪黑素对体外培养的各组乳鼠心肌细胞脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)及MTT代谢率的影响。结果与阿霉素心肌细胞损伤组比较,褪黑素保护组的MDA释放量显著减少(P<0.01),而MTT代谢率显著增高(P<0.01),作用具剂量依赖性。结论 MLT对阿霉素诱导心肌细胞损伤有保护作用,并呈一定的剂量依赖性关系。     

西洋参茎叶皂甙对阿霉素损伤大鼠心肌保护作用

西洋参也叫花旗参,原产于美国,现已在我国引种成功。国内外对西洋参的研究表明,其作用是多方面的,主要有抗疲劳;抗缺氧;降低中枢兴奋药土的宁引起的惊厥率和死亡率;有抗应激的作用;止血作用;对心血管方面的作用有抗心律失常作用;对实验性心肌梗塞     

槲皮素对过氧化氢损伤小鼠成纤维细胞的保护作用

目的探讨槲皮素对过氧化氢(H_2O_2)损伤小鼠成纤维细胞(NIH-3T3)的保护作用。方法体外培养NIH-3T3细胞,取对数生长期的NIH-3T3细胞分成四个实验组。对照组(C)仅加含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。实验1(Q_1)组先用0．5mmol/LH_2O_2作用细胞30min,然后再用含有50μmol/L的槲皮素培养基作用24h。实验2(Q_2)组先用含有501μmol/L的槲皮素培养基作用24h,再换含有0．5mmol/L H_2O_2作用细胞30min。H_2O_2实验(H_2)组先用含有0．5mmol/L H_2O_2作用细胞30min,再换仅含有10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基作用24h。取培养细胞提取DNA和制备1×10~7/ml细胞悬液的滴片,应用TUNEL和Ladder电泳检测细胞凋亡率；应用Weaster blod和细胞免疫组化技术检测Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3、HSP-70、NF- kB蛋白质的表达。结果由TUNEL和Ladder实验得出,Q_1组的细胞凋亡率明显低于H_2组和Q_2组。由Weaster blod和细胞免疫组化技术检测分析得出,Q_1组与Q_2、H_2组相比,Bcl-2的表达明显增高,Bax、Caspase-3、NF-kB、HSP-70的表达减低。结论槲皮素可能主要是通过抑制NF-kB的表达,提高HSP-70的表达,对H_2O_2诱导的NIH-3T3细胞损伤产生保护作用。     

蒺藜皂苷对阿霉素损伤心肌细胞的保护作用

 观察蒺藜皂苷 (gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris, GSTT) 对阿霉素 (adriamycin, ADR) 诱导大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞损伤的保护作用, 并初步探讨其作用机制。分离出生1～3 d大鼠心肌细胞, 培养72 h后随机分为正常对照组、ADR (终浓度为2.0 mg·L⁻¹) 模型组和GSTT (100、30及10 mg·L⁻¹) 组, 继续培养24 h后, 应用MTT比色法检测细胞存活率, 测定培养基中肌酸激酶 (CK)、乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶 (AST) 释放量, 超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 活性, 丙二醛 (MDA)、一氧化氮 (NO) 含量, 并采用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡及应用Western blotting检测GSTT对凋亡相关蛋白caspase-3的作用。结果表明, 与正常对照组比较, ADR模型组心肌细胞存活数明显减少, 心肌细胞培养液中CK、LDH、AST释放量增加 (P < 0.01, P < 0.001), 同时SOD活力下降 (P < 0.01) 而MDA、NO含量升高 (P < 0.001); 与ADR模型组比较, GSTT (100和30 mg·L⁻¹) 组存活心肌细胞数增多 (P < 0.05, P < 0.001), 心肌细胞培养液中CK、LDH、AST含量明显降低, SOD活力增加、MDA和NO含量降低 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001)。流式细胞仪检测GSTT (100和30 mg·L⁻¹) 组心肌细胞凋亡数明显减少 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), caspase-3含量下降 (P < 0.05, P < 0.001)。GSTT对ADR损伤的心肌细胞具有保护作用, 可减轻心肌细胞损伤, 抑制心肌细胞凋亡, 其机制与抗自由基作用有关。     

磷酸肌酸钠对小鼠阿霉素心肌损伤的保护机制初探

目的:探讨磷酸肌酸钠对小鼠阿霉素心肌损伤的保护作用。方法:雌性BALB/C小鼠60只,建立阿霉素心肌病模型,随机分为磷酸肌酸钠组、阿霉素组、正常对照组。观察小鼠的一般情况,血清中心肌酶TnI、N端前脑钠肽(NT-proB-NP)及心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、ATP酶及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的变化,心肌组织HE染色病理变化。结果:与阿霉素组比较,磷酸肌酸钠组LDH、MDA明显降低(P<0.05),SOD和ATP酶活力明显升高(P<0.05);血清NT-proBNP及TnI水平降低(P>0.05)。阿霉素组心肌组织出现明显的水肿、变性。结论:磷酸肌酸钠通过减少氧自由基对阿霉素所致的心肌损伤具有保护作用。     

苦参碱对阿霉素诱导大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用及其机制研究

目的研究苦参碱对阿霉素诱导大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法 SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和苦参碱25、50、100 mg/kg组,每组各20只。模型组大鼠ip注射用阿霉素2.5 mg/kg,1次/周,连续给药6周,累积剂量15 mg/kg,建立心肌损伤模型。对照组ip等量生理盐水。苦参碱组造模前2 d ip注射用苦参碱25、50、100 mg/kg,连续给药5 d。观察大鼠心肌细胞病理学,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测大鼠血清线粒体偶联因子CF6水平,应用分光光度法测定Na~+-K~+-ATP酶、Ca2~+-ATP酶活力,采用试剂盒检测谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)、总超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果苦参碱各组心肌组织肿胀,肌束间、间质有灶性出血现象显著减轻。与模型组比较,苦参碱各组血清CF6水平显著降低(P0.05);线粒体Na~+-K~+-ATP酶、Ca2~+-ATP酶活性显著升高(P0.05);心肌组织GSH-px活性及SOD活力升高,MDA含量显著降低(P0.05)。结论苦参碱能保护阿霉素引起的大鼠心肌损伤,其作用机制与改善线粒体ATP酶活性、降低线粒体偶联因子6水平、减轻氧化应激水平有关。     

阿霉素心肌毒性机制研究进展

阿霉素属于蒽醌类抗肿瘤药,临床上用于白血病、淋巴瘤、乳腺癌等多种恶性肿瘤的治疗,且作用广谱,效果显著,但其所致心肌毒性不仅限制了其临床使用,也影响了患者的生活质量。因此,探讨阿霉素诱导心肌毒性的作用机制具有重要意义,本文就近年来阿霉素所致心肌毒性的作用机制研究做一综述。     

黄芪甲甙对阿霉素心肌损伤的保护作用的研究

目的研究黄芪甲甙对阿霉素心肌损伤的保护作用。方法30只SD大鼠随机分为3组,对照组(C组),阿霉素组(ADR组),阿霉素+黄芪甲甙组(ADR+黄芪组)。观察大鼠心率和肝、肺干湿重比变化,检测心肌铜-锌-超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)活力,半定量聚合酶链反应测定心肌CuZn-SOD基因表达及bcl-2,bax基因表达。结果与ADR组比较,ADR+黄芪组心率变化率明显下降(P<0.05),肝、肺干湿重比明显上升(P<0.05),心肌铜-锌-超氧化物歧化酶活力明显提高(P<0.05),铜-锌-超氧化物歧化酶基因表达增加(P<0.05),bcl-2基因表达增加而bax基因表达下降。结论黄芪甲甙对阿霉素心肌损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与其抑制氧化应激从而抑制心肌细胞凋亡有关。     

Protective effect of lycopene on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of lycopene on adriamycin (ADR)-induced heart and kidney toxicity using biochemical and histopathological approaches. Rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group received no medication and was regarded as the control group; the second group was injected with a single dose of ADR; the third group was treated with lycopene for 10 days before ADR injection and the last group was treated with lycopene for 2 days before and for 3 days after the administration of a single dose of ADR. ADR (10mg/kg) was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected as a single dose and lycopene (4 mg/kg) was administered in corn oil by gavage. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in both the heart and kidneys were higher in the group treated with ADR alone than in the control group, and were lower in the groups administered with lycopene than in the ADR alone group. Although the activity of catalase (CAT) in the heart was higher in the ADR alone group than in the control group, it was lower in the kidneys. In particular, treatment with lycopene post-injection normalized both cardiac and kidney CAT activities. In heart and kidney tissues, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were not significantly different between all groups. Significant increases in the levels of plasma creatinine and urea were observed in the ADR group when compared to the control group, and these increases were normalized by lycopene treatment. Cardiac and renal histopathological changes were observed in the ADR group as compared to the control group. In contrast, these histopathological changes appeared nearly normal in the groups treated with lycopene pre- and post-injection. In conclusion, this study clearly indicated that ADR treatment markedly impaired cardiac and renal function and that treatment with lycopene might prevent this toxicity in rats.     

叶黄素对阿霉素所致大鼠心、肾损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨叶黄素对阿霉素所致大鼠心、肾毒性的保护作用及其机制.方法 采用单次腹腔注射阿霉素(10mg/kg)造成大鼠实验性心、肾病模型,研究注射阿霉素前、后叶黄素灌胃对大鼠血液生化学指标、组织生化指标及病理组织学的影响.结果 心、肾病模型组大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、肌酸激酶(CK)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)含量均明显高于对照组,心、肾组织匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加,而谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著下降.叶黄素(20mg·kg-1·d-1)可降低心、肾损伤大鼠血清AST、ALT、LDH、CK、BUN及Cr水平,改善阿霉素损伤大鼠心、肾病理组织学变化,并降低心、肾组织匀浆MDA水平,提高组织GSH-Px及SOD活性.结论 叶黄素通过抗氧化作用对大鼠阿霉素心、肾损伤产生保护和治疗作用.     

大蒜多糖对阿霉素所致小鼠心脏毒性的拮抗作用

目的　研究大蒜多糖 (GP)对中毒性心肌炎的拮抗作用并探讨其机制。方法　建立小鼠阿霉素 (ADR)中毒性心肌炎模型,测定血清、心肌多项生化指标,并观察心肌结构变化。结果　ADR(3mg·kg-1ip, qod×7)可致小鼠血清肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活力升高(P<0 01),同时心肌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力下降而丙二醛 (MDA)含量升高 (P<0 01),线粒体水肿明显。GP( 0 75 ~3 0g·kg-1 ig, qd×15)能逆转ADR所致的上述改变,表现为剂量相关性降低血清CK、LDH、GOT和iNOS活力,增加心肌SOD活力和降低MDA含量,尤其以GP大剂量组作用明显 (P<0 05或P<0 01)。光镜和电镜结果也证实了GP的保护作用。结论　GP能拮抗阿霉素所致的小鼠中毒性心肌炎,其作用机制与增强心肌SOD活力和抗心肌脂质过氧化有关。     

Protective effect of saponins from Panax notoginseng against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice

The dried rhizome of Panax notoginseng is a traditional Chinese herb extensively used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases and other ailments. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are known as the major pharmacologically active constituents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective effects of PNS against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and its possible influence on the anti-tumor activity of doxorubicin. Five groups of ICR mice were treated with saline (control group), doxorubicin alone (20 mg/kg I. P.), PNS alone, doxorubicin pretreated with PNS (100 mg/kg I. G. for 5 consecutive days) or amifostine (single dose of 200 mg/kg I. V., used as positive control). After 72 h of doxorubicin treatment, cardiac function, serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and activities of antioxidant enzymes in heart tissue were measured. Pretreatment with PNS significantly protected the mice from DOX-induced cardiotoxicity as evidenced from improved ventricular contractile function, lower levels of serum LDH, CK and CK-MB, minimal morphological changes in hearts, and normalization of myocardial superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. Additionally, IN VITRO cytotoxic studies demonstrated that PNS did not compromise the inhibitory effect of doxorubicin on the proliferation of cancer cells. These results imply the potentially clinical application of PNS to overcome the negative side effects of doxorubicin.     

Davallialactone protects against adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and in vivo

Adriamycin (ADR) is a potent anticancer drug. Its clinical applications are limited due to its cardiotoxicity. Oxidative stress is responsible for cardiomyopathy induced by ADR. Previous studies have demonstrated that davallialactone (DAVA), extracted from mushroom Inonotus xeranticus, has potential antiplatelet aggregation activity and free radical scavenging properties. In this study, we investigated whether DAVA has protective effects against ADR-induced free radical accumulation and apoptosis in cardiac muscle cells and compared the effects of DAVA with N-acetylcysteine, a potent antioxidant. We evaluated the effect of DAVA on ADR-induced cytotoxicity by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and crystal violet staining, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by flow cytometry, and the expression of stress-related proteins like Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD, and the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway by Western blot analysis. Apoptosis was assessed by nuclear condensation and the expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, such as caspase-3 and polyadenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase (PARP). The cardio-protective effects of DAVA were also evaluated in an in vivo study in an animal model of ADR-induced acute cardiomyopathy. Our results showed that DAVA significantly increased the viability of doxorubicin-injured H9c2 cells and inhibited ADR-induced ROS production, apoptosis, and the expression of Cu/Zn SOD and Mn-SOD. DAVA also inhibited the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which was activated by ADR. In the in vivo animal model, treatment involving DAVA significantly reduced cardiomyocyte lesions. These results suggest that DAVA is a potentially protective agent for ADR-induced cardiotoxicity in cardiomyocytes and can be a potential candidate to protect against cardiotoxicity in ADR-treated cancer patients.     

蛇床子素对阿霉素心脏毒性的影响

目的 研究蛇床子素对阿霉素引起的心脏毒性的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法 用给SD大鼠ip阿霉素(ADR)的方法复制ADR心脏毒性模型.采用颈总动脉插管的方法,用十六导生理记录仪测定大鼠的血流动力学各项指标,酶促反应定磷比色法测定心肌肌浆网(SR)Ca2+-ATP酶的活性.结果 蛇床子素对ADR引起的心脏毒性大鼠的血流动力学有明显改善作用,能显著升高心肌SRCa2+-ATP酶的活性.结论 蛇床子素对ADR引起的心脏毒性有保护作用,其作用机制可能与激活SR膜Ca2+-ATP酶、促进Ca2+储备、降低胞浆中Ca2+浓度、阻止Ca2+超载有关.     

Protective effect of thymoquinone against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: a possible mechanism of protection.

Administration of thymoquinone (10 mg kg(-1)day(-1), p.o.) with drinking water starting 5 days before a single injection of doxorubicin (15 mg kg(-1)i.p.) and continuing during the experimental period ameliorated the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. This protection was evidenced from the significant reduction in serum enzymes: lactate dehydrogenase elevated level, 24 h and creatine phosphokinase elevated levels, 24 h and 48 h after doxorubicin administration. The cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin has been suggested to result from the generation of superoxide free-radical. The protective action of thymoquinone was examined against superoxide anion radical either generated photochemically, biochemically or derived from calcium ionophore (A23187) stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The results indicate that thymoquinone is a potent superoxide radical scavenger, scavenging power being as effective as superoxide dismutase against superoxide. In addition thymoquinone has an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation induced by Fe(3+)/ascorbate using rat heart homogenate. The superoxide scavenging and anti-lipid peroxidation may explain, in part, the protective effect of thymoquinone against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. 2000 Academic Press@p$hr Copyright 2000 Academic Press.