帕罗西汀和氟西汀治疗伴焦虑症状抑郁症的疗效对照分析

目的　比较帕罗西汀和氟西汀治疗伴焦虑症状的抑郁症的临床疗效及副反应。方法　符合CCMD - 3抑郁症的诊断标准 ,并且汉密尔顿焦虑量表评分 >14分的门诊及住院患者 5 8例 ,随机分为两组 ,为期 6周的治疗 ,于治疗前及治疗后第 1、2、4、6周末用汉密尔顿抑郁量表 (HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表 (HAMA)评定疗效 ,以不良反应症状量表 (TESS)观察副作用。结果　帕罗西汀和氟西汀治疗伴焦虑症状的抑郁症的显效率分别为 85 19%和 81 4 8% ,无显著差异。两组的HAMD减分率亦相当 (P >0 0 5 )。两组的HAMA减分率有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。两组的副反应相当 ,且均较轻。结论　帕罗西汀和氟西汀对伴焦虑症状的抑郁症的疗效均显著 ,抗抑郁效果两药相当 ,抗焦虑效果前者优于后者。两者副反应均较轻。     

万拉法新联合阿普唑仑治疗抑郁症伴焦虑症状的疗效对照分析

目的　观察万拉法新联合阿普唑仑和单独氟西汀治疗抑郁症伴焦虑症状的临床疗效。方法　将符合入组条件的 6 2例患者分为两组 ,分别给予万拉法新联合阿普唑仑和单独氟西汀治疗 ,分别于治疗前及治疗 1、2、4、6周使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表 (HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表 (HAMA)、临床总体印象量表 (CGI)、不良反应量表(TESS)进行评分。结果　两组HAMD减分率第 1、2周末有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )和非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ,HAMA减分率第 1、2、4周末有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)和显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,CGI评定第 1周末两组有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　万拉法新联合阿普唑仑是一种疗效好、起效快而安全的治疗抑郁症伴焦虑症状的用药模式     

Predictors of relapse during fluoxetine continuation or maintenance treatment of major depression

BACKGROUND: The goal was to examine predictors of relapse during continuation/maintenance treatment of major depression that had remitted following 12 to 14 weeks of fluoxetine therapy. METHOD: The study utilizes data collected in a collaborative clinical trial including patients with DSM-III-R major depression at 5 university-affiliated outpatient psychiatry clinics. Three hundred ninety-five patients who remitted with fluoxetine therapy were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: fluoxetine for 14 weeks followed by placebo for 36 weeks, fluoxetine for 38 weeks followed by placebo for 12 weeks, fluoxetine for 50 weeks, or placebo for 50 weeks. Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify predictors of time to relapse. RESULTS: In addition to the previously reported longitudinal pattern of response during acute treatment, neurovegetative symptom pattern was a predictor of fluoxetine benefit compared with placebo. Greater chronicity predicted poorer survival, which was not differential by treatment. The most robust advantage of fluoxetine was seen for patients with endogenous vegetative symptoms, chronic depression, and acute treatment response characterized by onset in the third week or later and persistence of response once attained. CONCLUSION: Both nonspecific pattern of response and neurovegetative symptoms characteristic of atypical depression were predictive of lack of fluoxetine efficacy in continuation/ maintenance treatment. These findings have importance for both clinical management and analyses of future maintenance trials.     

Duloxetine in treatment of anxiety symptoms associated with depression

Most patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have symptoms of anxiety associated with their depression. Duloxetine, a potent and balanced dual serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is effective in the treatmentof depression. We investigated its effects in treating the symptoms of anxiety in depressed patients. This investigation includes all the placebo-controlled studies of duloxetine in MDD but focuses on four trials in which duloxetine was superior to placebo on the primary outcome measure of the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD(17)) total score. Studies 1 and 2 included duloxetine at 60 mg/d (the recommended starting and therapeutic dose) and placebo. Study 3 included duloxetine 120 mg/d (administered as 60 mg b.i.d.), fluoxetine 20 mg/d, and placebo. Study 4 included duloxetine 40 mg/d (administered as 20 mg b.i.d.), duloxetine 80 mg/d (administered as 40 mg b.i.d.), paroxetine 20 mg/d, and placebo. Anxiety was assessed in all studies using the HAMD anxiety/somatization subfactor and the anxiety-psychic item (HAMD Item 10). Studies 3 and 4 also included the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA). Across the four studies, duloxetine at doses of >/=60 mg was compared with placebo on 10 outcomes and with either paroxetine or fluoxetine on 6 outcomes. In 8 comparisons, mean improvement for duloxetine was significantly greater than placebo at the last study visit and/or across all study visits. In 3 comparisons, the mean improvement for duloxetine was significantly greater than paroxetine or fluoxetine. In these studies, duloxetine provided rapid relief of anxiety symptoms associated with depression. Previous reports have summarized duloxetine's efficacy in treating the core emotional symptoms and painful physical symptoms associated with depression. Duloxetine's efficacy in treating a broad spectrum of symptoms associated with depression, including mood, anxiety, and painful physical symptoms, may be attributed to dual reuptake inhibition of both serotonin and norepinephrine. Efficacy in these three key symptom domains may in turn explain the high probabilities of remission (43-57%) observed in these studies.     

Escitalopram in the treatment of anxiety symptoms associated with depression

Most patients with depression have symptoms of anxiety associated with their illness. Our aim in this study was to investigate the efficacy of escitalopram, a proven antidepressant, on symptoms of anxiety in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Data from five placebo-controlled escitalopram studies in MDD were analyzed. Three of the studies also included a comparison with citalopram. In all studies, anxiety was assessed using the Inner Tension item (item 3) of the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). In three studies, anxiety symptoms were also specifically assessed, either continuously over time or at baseline and end point, by using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), the Anxious Mood item of the HAM-A (item 1), the Psychic Anxiety subscale of the HAM-A (items 1-6 and 14), the Anxiety Psychic item (item 10) of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-24), and the Anxiety/Somatization subfactor (items 10-13, 15, and 17) of the HAM-D-24. Escitalopram was significantly superior to placebo in all comparisons. Citalopram was also consistently better than placebo in all comparisons, except in the HAM-D-24 Anxiety/Somatization subfactor. In some comparisons with placebo, escitalopram showed a significantly earlier onset of action or an earlier separation. Escitalopram was significantly more effective compared to placebo in treating both anxiety symptoms and the entire depression in the total depressive population, as well as in depressive patients with a high degree of anxiety.     

米安色林与氟西汀抗抑郁焦虑作用研究

目的探索米安色林在治疗中伴有焦虑症状的抑郁症的疗效与安全性。方法将69例难治性抑郁症同时伴有焦虑症状的患者分为米安色林组35例,氟西汀组34例。观察2周,与治疗前和治疗后1、2、4及8周末采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)及汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定疗效,用副反应量表(TFSS)评定不良反应。结果米安色林组显效78%,氟西汀组显效75%,米安色林组不良反应相对较少。结论米安色林治疗伴发焦虑症状的抑郁症疗效较好,且起效快,不良反应少。     

喹硫平与氟西汀治疗抑郁焦虑共病的对照研究

目的探讨喹硫平与氟西汀对抑郁焦虑障碍共病的疗效和安全性。方法收集抑郁焦虑障碍共病的患者80例,分为喹硫平组和氟西汀组各40例,疗程8周。使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评定疗效,以治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果喹硫平组有38例、氟西汀组有37例完成8周的研究。治疗8周2组HAMD和HAMA量表减分率无统计学差异,治疗1周末喹硫平组疗效优于氟西汀组。治疗8周后喹硫平组有效率为89.5%（34/38）,氟西汀组为89.2%（33/37）。喹硫平组无转躁患者,氟西汀组1例转躁。喹硫平组头晕的发生率明显多于氟西汀组。结论喹硫平单药治疗抑郁焦虑障碍共病的疗效与氟西汀相当,喹硫平组头晕者较多。     

Long-term continuation antidepressant treatment: a comparison study

This retrospective study examined the clinical characteristics and the course of 26 patients with major affective disorders who repeatedly relapsed during or shortly after antidepressant tapering off at the usual 6-12-month intervals. The patients apparently required long-term antidepressant continuation therapy not preventive therapy, as they were unable to be successfully tapered off antidepressants over a mean of 36.6 months. In contrast with a group of 15 randomly selected patients with a more typical recurrent course of illness and successful tapers after 6-12 months of treatment, the long-term continuation therapy patients were younger, had a longer duration of depression before entering treatment, and were more likely to meet the DSM-III criteria for concomitant dysthymic, panic, or personality disorder or major depression with psychotic features. The findings suggest that secondary Axis I and Axis II diagnoses in antidepressant-responsive depressed patients are associated with the need for long-term continuation treatment.     

丁螺环酮合并氟西汀治疗抑郁症的对照研究

目的探讨丁螺环酮合并氟西汀对抑郁症的疗效以及不良反应。方法将58例抑郁症患者随机分为研究组和对照组，各29例，分别给予氟西汀合并丁螺环酮和氟西汀合并安慰剂，治疗观察时间为8周，采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和副反应量表（TESS）评定疗效和副反应。结果治疗后两组HAMD评分均有显著降低（均P〈0．05），两组比较HAMD评分差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），副反应评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论丁螺环酮合并氟西汀治疗抑郁症可增强总体疗效，且不增加副反应。     

文拉法辛缓释剂与氟西汀治疗老年抑郁症首次发病患者的对照研究

目的探讨文拉法辛缓释剂治疗老年抑郁症首次发病（以下简称首发）患者的有效性及安全性。方法采用随机、单盲对照法，将64例年龄大于60岁的抑郁症首发患者分为文拉法辛组[（75～150）mg／d]和氟西汀组[（20～40）mg／d]，疗程均为8周。治疗前后以汉密尔顿抑郁量表（17项，HAMD）评估疗效；记录不良反应及实验室情况。结果实际完成观察63例，其中文拉法辛组31例，氟西汀组32例。治疗第2周末，文拉法辛组的HAMD总分较治疗前明显下降（P〈0．01），减分率高于氟西汀组（t=3．120，P〈0．05）。氟西汀组HAMD总分在治疗第4周末较治疗前明显下降（P〈0．01）。治疗第2，4周末，文拉法辛组有效率分别为16％和55％，氟西汀组分别为3％和25％，组间差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=9．828，P〈0．01；χ^2=18．748，P〈0．01）。治疗第6，8周末，文拉法辛组治愈率分别为39％和61％，氟西汀组分别为22％和47％，组间差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=6．817，P〈0．01；χ^2=3．945，P〈0．05）；而两组有效率的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组患者出现药物不良反应者各9例（分别占29％和28％），差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0．221，P〉0．05）。结论文拉法辛缓释剂治疗老年首发抑郁症患者起效较快、安全、疗效肯定，治疗第6，8周末时的治愈率高于氟西汀。     

Early fluoxetine treatment of post-stroke depression

Objective: Poststroke depression is a frequent psychiatric complication after stroke that may have strong negative impact on rehabilitation therapy and functional recovery. This study was conducted to show the efficacy and safety of early treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine in post-stroke depressed patients. Methods: This double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study was of patients within two weeks after stroke. Moderate to severe depressed patients (determined by Hamilton Depression Scale (HDS) > 15, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale) were randomized to receive either 20 mg/d fluoxetine or placebo for 3 months. Beside the psychiatric assessment, patients were evaluated by use of the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS), the Mini-Mental-State-Examination (MMSE) and the Barthel-Index (BI). An open-label long-term follow up was done 18 months after the initial assessment. Results: 54 depressed patients of an inpatient population of 242 consecutive stroke patients aged 25 to 85 years entered the trial within the first two weeks post-stroke. 50 patients completed the trial per-protocol. The initial severity of depression was comparable in the two groups (mean baseline HDS score 32.8 in the fluoxetine vs. 30.3 in the placebo group), as were neurological symptom severity and demographic parameters. Significant improvement was seen in both groups within 4 weeks of treatment, whereas no advantages of fluoxetine could be observed at this time. This indicates a high degree of spontaneous recovery during early rehabilitation therapy. BDI scores of patients treated with fluoxetine further decreased until the follow-up at 12 weeks, whereas the scores increased again in the placebo group. This depressive relapse of the placebo patients after the end of most rehabilitation efforts was evident at a long-term follow-up 18 months after inclusion, when patients who had been treated with fluoxetine were significantly less depressed. No side effects of fluoxetine treatment were detected. Conclusions: The advantages of fluoxetine were obvious at the follow-up 18 months after inclusion, but could not be demonstrated within the first three months of controlled treatment. The multitude of therapeutic efforts that take place in the early phase of rehabilitation might have facilitated spontaneous recovery from depression and might have hindered benefits of antidepressant treatment to become obvious. Fluoxetine treatment was well tolerated and safe. Received: 5 February 2002, Received in revised form: 8 October 2002, Accepted: 28 October 2002 Correspondence to Stefan Fruehwald, MD     

文拉法辛与氟西汀治疗抑郁症疗效比较的Meta分析

目的 比较文拉法辛与氟西汀治疗抑郁症的疗效.方法 对文拉法辛与氟西汀对比治疗抑郁症随机对照试验进行系统评价,应用循证医学的研究方法,使用专用的统计分析软件Revman 4.2进行Meta分析.结果 21篇随机对照研究满足纳入标准.Meta分析的结果 显示,疗程分别为1、2、4周时,文拉法辛治疗组与氟西汀治疗组汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),文拉法辛优于氟西汀;疗程分别为6、8、10、12周时,两组HAMD评分差异无统计学意义(P≥0.05).分别评价中文与外文文献每个研究最后一个疗程结束后的治愈率.其中中文文献RR值为1.12(95%CI:0.99～1.27),2组的治愈率差异无统计学意义(z=1.80,P=0.07);外文文献RR为1.07(95%CI:0.93～1.21),2组治愈率差异也无统计学意义(z=1.01,P=0.31).结论 两者长期疗效相当,但文拉法辛起效快于氟西汀.     

Achieving remission with venlafaxine and fluoxetine in major depression: its relationship to anxiety symptoms

Venlafaxine, a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), produces significantly higher remission rates in depressed patients than do the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). In this analysis of pooled data, we explored the relationship between differences in treatment efficacy, early improvement of symptoms, and severity of baseline anxiety in depressed patients treated with either venlafaxine or fluoxetine. A pooled analysis was performed on data from 1,454 outpatients with major depression from five double-blind, randomized studies comparing the 6-week efficacy of venlafaxine (542 patients) with fluoxetine (555 patients). The Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM-D) total and item scores were analyzed at different treatment times up to 6 weeks. Venlafaxine and fluoxetine both produced statistically significant higher response and remission rates compared with placebo starting from week 2 for response and weeks 3 to 4 for remission. Venlafaxine was statistically significantly superior to fluoxetine from week 3 until week 6 in respect of response rate, and from week 2 until week 6 for remission rate. After 1 week of treatment, greater improvement in individual symptoms was observed in the depressed mood, suicide, and psychic anxiety items of the HAM-D scale for both venlafaxine- and fluoxetine-treated patients compared with placebo. Improvement in psychic anxiety was statistically significantly greater with venlafaxine than with fluoxetine. The presence of baseline psychic anxiety correlated significantly to treatment outcome when analyzing the remission rates. In depressed patients with moderate anxiety (HAM-D psychic anxiety score < or = 2), venlafaxine statistically significantly increased remission rates compared with placebo from week 4 until week 6, while a significant effect of fluoxetine on remission rates was observed starting at week 6. Remission rates in the severely anxious depressed patients (score > 2) were statistically significantly higher with venlafaxine than placebo starting from week 3 until the end of the study period, but no difference could be observed between fluoxetine and placebo. Baseline severity of psychic anxiety had a significant impact on remission rates after treatment of patients diagnosed with depression. Venlafaxine's superior remission rates in the more severely anxious patients and its ability to improve psychic anxiety as early as week 1 compared with fluoxetine suggest that venlafaxine's early efficacy on anxiety symptoms may be the basis for its superior efficacy in depression.     

阿立哌唑合并氟西汀治疗难治性抑郁症

目的：探讨阿立哌唑合并氟西汀治疗难治性抑郁症的效果。方法：将56例难治性抑郁症患者随机分成两组,分别给予阿立哌唑合并氟西汀（合用组）与单用氟西汀（单用组）治疗12周,以汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评定临床疗效,以治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）和相关检查评定不良反应。结果：治疗结束时两组HAMD和HAMA的评分均显着降低,以合用组疗效显著较好而快。结论：阿立哌唑合并氟西汀治疗难治性抑郁症的疗效优于单用氟西汀,且耐受性好。     

奥氮平联合氟西汀治疗双相抑郁的对照研究

目的探讨奥氮平联合氟西汀治疗双相抑郁的疗效及安全性。方法将符合CCMD-3中国精神障碍分类和诊断标准（第三版）的60例双相障碍抑郁患者随机分为两组,每组30例。研究组用奥氮平联合氟西汀,对照组用帕罗西汀联合碳酸锂,分别治疗8周。以汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）,汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HA-MA）,治疗时出现的症状量表（TESS）在治疗前和治疗后第2、8周末评价疗效和安全性,在第2、8周末及4、4、需要时用Bech-Rafaelse躁狂量表（BRMS）评定转躁情况。结果两组治疗后HAMD、HAMA评分均较治疗前显著降低（P〈0.01）,研究组和对照组显效率分别为66.67%和64.29%,无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。研究组不良反应为嗜睡、头昏和昏厥、便秘、鼻塞、体重增加等。对照组则为兴奋或激越、肝功能异常、震颤、恶心呕吐、食欲减退或厌食、头痛等,两组差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。结论奥氮平联合氟西汀可有效治疗双相抑郁,不良反应较少,依从性好,并能减少诱发躁狂的风险。     

氟西汀联合奥氮平治疗伴自杀意念抑郁症的效果

目的观察氟西汀联合奥氮平治疗伴自杀意念抑郁症的效果,为该疾病的治疗提供参考。方法选取2014年1月-2016年1月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的70例伴自杀意念抑郁症患者,均符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第4版)》(DSM-IV)抑郁症诊断标准。采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各35例。对照组采用氟西汀治疗,研究组采用氟西汀联合奥氮平治疗,两组均治疗8周。于治疗前后进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项版(HAMD-17)和自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)评定,采用自编不良反应记录表记录两组不良反应发生情况。结果对照组和研究组在不同时间点HAMD-17评分比较差异均有统计学意义(对照组F=204.3,P0.01,研究组F=292.6,P0.01),SIOSS评分在不同时间点比较差异均有统计学意义(对照组F=15.6,P0.01,研究组F=21.8,P0.01)。治疗第2、4、8周末,研究组HAMD-17评分均低于对照组(P均0.01),有自杀意念者的比例和SIOSS评分均低于对照组(P0.05或0.01)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.971,P=0.325)。结论与单用氟西汀比较,氟西汀联合奥氮平治疗可能更有助于改善伴自杀意念抑郁症患者抑郁症状和自杀意念。