热综合治疗对人体内大肠癌细胞DNA的生物效应

为探讨热综合治疗对人体内大肠癌细胞ＤＮＡ的生物效应，作者对１８例病人治疗前后的癌细胞进行了ＤＮＡ定量比较和术后癌ＤＮＡ倍体研究。结果表明，治疗后癌细胞ＤＮＡ含量倾向于减少，治疗前是２．７９３±ｌ．１４８（ｘ±ｓ），治疗后是２．２４８±０．８５９，两者无显著差异（ｐ＞０．０５）．病人预后与治疗前后癌细胞ＤＮＡ均量比和术后肿瘤ＤＮＡ倍体类型有关。治疗前后癌细胞ＤＮＡ均量比＞ｌ．２５的二倍体肿瘤病人预后较好，＜１．２５的非整倍体肿瘤病人则预后较差。提示治疗后肿瘤ＤＮＡ含量是判断患者预后的一个重要的生物学指标。     

DNA含量与滑膜肉瘤预后关系的研究

目的：研究ＤＮＡ含量与滑膜肉瘤预后的关系。方法：采用流式细胞术对５２例滑膜肉瘤中的ＤＮＡ含量进行分析。结果：５２例滑膜肉瘤中４４例为异倍体,异倍体检出率为８４．６％。异倍体的检出率与滑膜肉瘤患者术后３年自下而上率呈明显负相关（Ｐ〈０．０５）,其与淋巴转移、骨侵袭及 肺转移呈明显正相关（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：ＤＮＡ含量可作为判定滑膜肉瘤口才预后的一个理想指标。     

DNA定量分析系统（ICM）在胃镜刷片细胞学诊断中的应用

目的探讨ＩＣＭ在胃镜刷片细胞学诊断中的应用。方法应用细胞图像分析术（ｉｍａｇｅｃｙｔｏｍｅｔｒｙ,ＩＣＭ）对１５例胃镜刷片进行ＤＮＡ定量分析。结果胃癌细胞核ＤＮＡ含量＞上皮不典型增生细胞＞大致正常或胃炎细胞。结论用ＩＣＭ检测细胞ＤＮＡ含量,分析细胞周期,有助于了解肿瘤细胞的增殖能力和恶性程度,评估预后,并用于指导有效抗瘤治疗方案的制订,在胃镜刷片的细胞学诊断中具有重要参考价值     

细胞核DNA含量测定对喉癌患者的预后价值

细胞核ＤＮＡ含量测定对喉癌患者的预后价值浙江医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻喉科（３１０００３）林山在以前的报道中，我们曾对３９例喉癌作了细胞核ＤＮＡ含量测定，对喉癌ＤＮＡ含量水平及其倍体性作了分析。本文通过对该组病人的远期随访，以寿命图表反映细胞ＤＮＡ含量...     

原发性肝癌细胞核DNA含量及肿瘤细胞增殖活性测定的临床意义

评价原发性肝癌（ＰＨＣ）细胞核ＤＮＡ含量和肿瘤细胞增殖活性测定，对判断预后和指导治疗的临床价值。对４２例ＰＨＣ患者术后标本、采用真彩色图像分析系统测定其ＤＮＡ含量和采用增殖细胞核抗原单克隆抗体免疫组化测定其肿瘤增殖活性，并分析与各项临床特征的关系。采用ｔ检验、卡方检验和直线相关统计学处理。小肝癌、大肝癌、巨块型肝癌之间；ＡＦＰ阴性、ＡＦＰ阳性之间ＤＮＡ定量分析和增殖活性无显著差异，Ｐ＞０．０５。而是否肿瘤色膜完整、卫星结节存在、局部淋巴结转移，复发时间快，则肿瘤ＤＮＡ异倍体含量和增殖活性分级差异有显著意义，Ｐ＜０．０５。肿瘤ＤＮＡ异倍体含量与增殖活性分级间呈正相关，ｒ＝０．４６１，Ｐ＜０．００１。生存期６个月与大于一年患者间肿瘤ＤＮＡ异倍体含量和增殖活性分级均有显著差异，Ｐ＜０．０１。ＰＨＣ细胞核ＤＮＡ含量测定和肿瘤增殖活性分级反映了ＰＨＣ的增殖状态，有助于更精确，客观地了解ＰＨＣ的生物学特性和预后、指导治疗。     

食管癌术前放疗后DNA含量的变化及其对预后的影响

目的 检测食管癌放疗前后ＤＮＡ含量的改变及其对预后的影响,并评价食管癌治疗后生存率。方法 对５２例可根治的胸中段食管鳞状细胞癌行术前放疗,并行根治性切除术。两野对穿照射,肿瘤剂量３０～４０Ｇｙ／１５～２０次,３～４周,ＩＣＭ分析ＤＮＡ倍体和ＤＮＡ含量。结果 放疗前、后异倍体率分别为８９．４％和７６．７％;放疗后ＤＮＡ倍体和ＤＮＡ含量对预后均有明显影响（Ｐ＝０．０１）;放疗使ＤＮＡ含量明显下降（Ｐ＝     

大肠癌细胞DNA、AgNORs定量研究──两者相关性及预后意义的探讨

应用ＡｇＮＯＲｓ染色技术，对６３例大肠癌的ＡｇＮＯＲｓ颗粒进行了计数研究。其中３８例同时进行肿瘤细胞核ＤＮＡ含量静态测定。结果表明，大肠癌细胞ＡｇＮＯＲｓ数量与其ＤＮＡ含量之间有明显相关性（Ｐ＜０．０ｌ）。ＤＮＡ含量和ＡｇＮＯＲｓ计数愈低，肿瘤分化愈好，患者预后愈好；反之，ＤＮＡ含量和Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ计数愈高、肝瘤分化愈差，患者预后愈差。表明ＡｇＮＯＲｓ计数，ＤＮＡ含量检测均可作为大肠癌分级、判断预后的参考指标。     

恶性肿瘤DNA倍体分类与患者预后的关系

目的：探讨恶性肿瘤ＤＮＡ倍体分类在肿瘤患者预后方面的依据。方法：用流式细胞术（ＦＣＭ）对１３０例恶性肿瘤患者癌组织ＤＮＡ含量进行检测,并分析了癌组织不同倍体类型与肿瘤患者生存率和生存期的关系。结果：恶性肿瘤患者ＤＮＡ倍体类型不同,患者生存率和生存期明显不同。ＤＮＡ二倍体肿瘤患者的生存率和生存期显著高于异倍体患者（Ｐ〈０．０５）。在ＤＮＡ异倍体患者中,从ＮＤ→Ｔ→ＡＮ→Ｍ,患者生存率逐渐下降,生存期逐渐缩短,而且ＮＤ、Ｔ与ＡＮ、Ｍ肿瘤患者的生存率和生存期之间差异均有显著性（ＰＭ〈０．０５）。结论：肿瘤患者癌细胞ＤＮＡ倍体不同,预后也明显不同。从Ｄ、ＮＤ→Ｔ→ＡＮ→Ｍ肿瘤,患者预后越来越差。该结果为癌组织ＤＮＡ倍体分类提供了预后方面的依据。     

小肝癌DNA含量分析

应用ＭＩＰＳ－１型自动图像分析仪，检测２５例小肝癌标本，探讨肿瘤细胞膜ＤＮＡ含量与小肝癌临床病理学关系，结果表明；肝癌细胞核ＤＮＡ含量与术前ＡＦＰ水平，肿瘤大小，有否包膜形成ｋａｎａｉ分型无关，在肿瘤细胞分化未成熟及复发组病例，ＤＮＡ含量明增高，提出核ＤＮＡ含量是反映肿瘤细胞生物学恶性程度的重要指标，可望成为独立的预后因子。     

食管鳞癌DNA和RNA测定及其预后关系的研究

目的　探讨食管鳞癌ＤＮＡ异倍体和ＲＮＡ含量变化与预后的关系。方法　应用流式细胞技术对６２例随访患者的石蜡标本进行研究。结果　术后生存５年以上患者的ＤＮＡ异倍体７８．１％（２５／３２）,ＲＮＡ含量为２０．５３±４．２１。术后半年内死亡者ＤＮＡ为９３．３％ （２８／３０）,ＲＮＡ含量为２４．８４±６．３５,两者均有显著性差异。ＤＮＡ异倍体和ＲＮＡ含量与病期、恶性程度和淋巴结转移有关。结论　ＤＮＡ和ＲＮＡ测定是判断食管鳞癌病期、恶性程度、有无淋巴结转移和预后的重要指标。表２　食管癌不同病期与ＤＮＡ和ＲＮＡ含量的关系生存时间（年） 病期 例数 ＤＮＡ２Ｃ Ａｎ ％ＲＮＡ含量（ｘ±ｓ）＞ ５ Ⅰ ３ ２ １ ５０ １０．６１±０．２４Ⅱ １９ ４ １５ ７８．９ ２１．５６±３．４１Ⅲ ８ １ ７ ８７．５ ２３．９８±２．１１Ⅳ ２ ０ ２ １００ ２６．１２±１．５６＜ ０．５ Ⅰ ０ ０ ０Ⅱ １１ １ １０ ９０．９ ２３．４５±４．２７Ⅲ １３ １ １２ ９２．３ ２４．７６±２．８７Ⅳ ６ ０ ６ １００ ２７．３１±２．５６表３　食管鳞病分化程度与ＤＮＡ和ＲＮＡ含量的关系生存时间（年） 分化 例数 ＤＮＡ２Ｃ Ａｎ ％ＲＮＡ含量（ｘ±ｓ）＞ ５ Ⅰ ５ ３     

食管鳞癌组织中肺耐药蛋白表达和DNA含量的定量分析

目的：探讨食管鳞癌组织中肺耐药相关蛋白（lung resistance-related protein,LRP）的表达和DNA含量检测的临床意义。方法：应用流式细胞术（flow cytometry,FCM）定量分析52例原发食管鳞癌组织和相应癌旁组织中LRP蛋白表达及DNA含量的变化状况。结果：食管鳞癌组织LRP表达的相对荧光强度（RFI）的中位数（M）为1.39,而相应癌旁组织为0.75;差异有统计学意义,P〈0.05。癌组织DNA指数（DI）、SPF和PI显著高于相应癌旁组织,P〈0.05。LRP蛋白表达在不同的性别、病理分级、临床分期和有无淋巴结转移间的表达均差异无统计学意义,P〉0.05。DNA倍体和SPF、PI均与性别、病理分级和临床分期无明显关系,P〉0.05;但与有无淋巴结转移有关,P〈0.05。非整倍体肿瘤患者淋巴结转移率（63.9%,23/36）高于二倍体肿瘤患者淋巴结转移率（18.8%,3/16）,P〈0.05。有淋巴结转移患者SPF和PI显著高于无淋巴结转移患者,P〈0.05。非整倍体肿瘤LRP蛋白表达水平（Median=1.42）略高于二倍体肿瘤（Median=1.35）,但两者差异无统计学意义,P〉0.05。结论：LRP蛋白表达和DNA含量在食管鳞癌发生中起重要作用。DNA含量与淋巴结转移有关,可作为预测食管鳞癌预后的指标。     

肿瘤细胞DNA干系倍体分析及其临床应用

DNA非整倍体是恶性肿瘤的特征性标志之一。测量和分析细胞核DNA含量与倍体对恶性肿瘤的病理诊断、恶性程度判定、疗效估价、预测预后具有重要价值。其主要测定方法有流式细胞术和细胞图像光度术。本文主要综述了肿瘤细胞DNA干系倍体分析及其临床应用的现状以及流式细胞术和细胞图像光度术两种检测方法的优缺点和相应的改进方法,希望对其应用于临床以提高诊断的准确性和预测肿瘤的发展起到积极的作用。     

食管鳞状细胞癌DNA含量和倍体分析的临床意义

目的:研究食管鳞状细胞癌DNA含量的分布及倍体类型与其生物学行为的关系。方法:采用流式细胞技术对手术切除的106例食管鳞癌患者新鲜标本进行DNA分析,分析DNA含量、S期细胞分数、增殖指数及倍体类型与食管鳞癌浸润深度、淋巴结转移、病理分级及分期等生物学行为的关系。结果:食管鳞癌患者异倍体出现率为82.08%。DNA含量、S期细胞分数、增殖指数随TNM分期增加呈现逐渐增高的趋势,但与肿瘤浸润深度(T分期),病理分级不相关。有淋巴结转移组食管鳞癌S期细胞分数和增殖指数均高于无淋巴结转移组,DNA含量两组间差异并无统计学意义。异倍体食管鳞癌DNA含量、S期细胞分数、增殖指数及淋巴结转移均明显高于二倍体食管鳞癌。结论:食管鳞癌DNA含量的分布及倍体类型与其生物学行为相关,DNA分析是评估食管鳞癌预后、制定术后治疗方案的一个有价值的参数。     

DNA图像分析技术在肺良恶性病变诊断中的价值

目的：研究支气管肺良恶性病变中DNA倍体及DNA指数（D1）情况,评估其在支气管肺良恶性病变诊断中的价值。方法：用图像分析系统（MPIAS－500）对39例支气管粘膜慢性炎症,45例鳞状上皮化生、45例异型增生、63例癌进行DNA倍体分布及DNA指数的检测。结果：支气管粘膜慢性炎症组、鳞状上皮化生组非整倍体均＜1．3％,DI均值分别为0．92和1．03;异型增生组非整倍体为2．8％,DI均值为1．34;而癌症组非整倍体为18．93％;DI均值为1．72,明显高于良性病变组（P＜0．001）。结论：支气管肺良恶性病变细胞核DNA倍体及非整倍体所占的百分比不同。定量分析检测细胞核DNA倍体及DI均值有助于支气管肺良恶性病变的诊断及鉴别诊断,并可为临床治疗和预后判断提供有效的客观指标。     

Flow cytometry and interactive image cytometry in endometrial carcinoma. A comparative and prognostic study

Comparative DNA measurements were performed in 139 women with endometrial carcinoma using flow cytometry (FCM) and interactive image cytometry (ICM). Ploidy level and the percentage of S-phase cells were determined by FCM and ploidy level and the percentage of cells with a DNA content exceeding 2.5c, 3c, 4c and 5c, respectively, were calculated by ICM. The aim was to compare ploidy level obtained by the two methods and to evaluate the prognostic value of all the above-mentioned parameters. Recurrence or residual disease after completing treatment were used as end-points. Follow-up time was 18-48 months. An agreement was obtained in 85% of the cases as regards ploidy level, but in 15% the tumors were regarded as near-diploid by one method and as grossly aneuploid by the other. Both ploidy level (both methods) and S-phase rate (FCM) were correlated with histopathologic grade (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.05, respectively). In univariate analysis, ploidy level (obtained either by FCM or ICM) correlated with recurrence rate, with a more favourable prognosis for near-diploid cases. When using multivariate models (Cox analysis) including clinical variables, ploidy level by FCM (but not ICM) was still significant as regards prognosis. In the multivariate analysis, S-phase fraction (as measured by FCM) also yielded independent prognostic information. In a separate analysis the proportion of cells with a DNA content greater than 5c gave independent prognostic information besides that of the S-phase fraction and ploidy level. We conclude that measurements of the percentage of cells exceeding 5c give prognostic information beyond the information obtained from flow cytometric determination of ploidy level and S-phase fraction.     

Flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA content of duct cell carcinoma of the pancreas.

BACKGROUND. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of nuclear DNA content analysis in determining the prognosis of carcinoma of the pancreas. METHODS. Resected and paraffin-embedded specimens from 72 patients with duct cell carcinoma of the pancreas were examined, and flow cytometry was used to explore the relationship between DNA ploidy and TNM classification or histologic grade. RESULTS. DNA aneuploidy was found histologically in 42.9%, 56.8%, and 71.4% of Grade 1, 2, and 3 tumors, respectively. DNA ploidy showed a statistically significant correlation with T category and retroperitoneal invasion. The cumulative survival rate of patients with retroperitoneal invasion was shorter than that of those without retroperitoneal invasion. Among the patients with retroperitoneal invasion, those with DNA aneuploidy had a significantly shorter survival time than did those with DNA diploidy. CONCLUSIONS. The DNA ploidy pattern, in combination with the presence or absence of retroperitoneal invasion, appears to be useful in predicting the prognosis for duct cell adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.     

DNA image cytometry on sections compared with flow cytometry in human bone metastases

The DNA analysis of tumor cells discloses characteristic features from which their biological behavior with respect to both the intensity and regulation of growth can be deduced. The objective of this study was to comparatively assess the results of image cytometry (ICM) and flow cytometry (FCM) in human bone metastases as standard methods of DNA analysis and evaluate their possible importance. The nuclear DNA content of surgically removed tumors of bone tissue was determined using ICM and FCM, and the percentage of tumor cells in various cell cycle phases and ploidy status in each case were determined based on the DNA distribution pattern. Comparable results were determined by ICM and FCM with respect to the ploidy status in about 58% of examined tumor samples. When tissue samples from various regions of a tumor were examined, it was found that DNA-euploid and -aneuploid tumor areas were present within the tumors. The DNA aneuploidy was detected in 90% of these tumors with ICM. The percentage cell-cycle phase distribution varied widely with ICM and FCM. Based on our results, the use of ICM in addition to FCM is mandatory under certain conditions for the assessment of the DNA analysis of bone metastases and necessary for the critical assessment of the obtained findings.     

肝癌癌旁组织DNA倍体检测的预后意义

 目的　探讨肝癌患者癌旁组织DNA倍体变化和预后的关系。方法　对42例原发性肝癌患者的癌旁组织的DNA倍体和S期细胞比率(SPF)进行了流式细胞术分析。结果　肝癌患者癌旁组织DNA异倍体检出率为59.5%。肝癌癌旁组织为DNA二倍体者的5年生存率和术后生存期均显著高于癌旁组织为异倍体的患者(分别为82.4%、65.8月±21.7月和32.0%、32.1月±23.6月,P均<0.01)。二倍体癌旁组织患者的生存率曲线明显高于癌旁异倍体病例。结论　癌旁组织出现DNA异倍体预示该肝癌患者的预后不良。     

500例良恶性肿瘤ICM-DNA分析研究

目的：观察各种恶性肿瘤及相应病变中ＤＮＡ含量及倍体的变化,分析其对诊断,分级和预后判断的价值。方法;利用ＤＩＰＡＳ－２００生物图像处理分析系统,对常见恶性肿瘤及其良性病变共５００例作ＩＣＭ－ＤＮＡ分析研究。结果：（１）宫颈鳞癌,卵巢常见恶性肿瘤,滤泡性淋巴国ＤＮＡ含量和超二倍体率均显著高于相应起源组织或良性肿瘤;（２）结直肠高分化腺癌与良性病变之间,各种类型和甲状腺癌与正常甲状腺滤泡上皮和良笥肿瘤     

Flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA content in esophageal cancer. Aneuploidy as an index for highly malignant potential

Flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA content was performed on excised malignant tissue of the esophagus. The DNA ploidy pattern was compared with a variety of histologic parameters and the subsequent clinical course to determine whether or not this pattern is associated with the mode of malignant potentiality. Of the 31 patients, eight had the diploidy DNA pattern and 23 the aneuploid DNA pattern. Tumors with the aneuploidy DNA pattern had a significantly higher frequency of lymph node metastasis than did those with the diploidy DNA pattern (P less than 0.01). Mitotic rates in the aneuploid tumors were significantly higher than was the case in diploid tumors (P less than 0.0005). The incidence of recurrence within 12 months after surgery was higher in patients with aneuploid tumors (83.3%) than in those with diploid ones (16.7%), with a statistical difference (P less than 0.05). Thus, the DNA aneuploidy based on flow cytometry closely correlates with the high frequency of nodal involvement and high mitotic rates, factors generally indicative of the aggressive behavior of the malignant tumors. DNA aneuploidy based on flow cytometric analysis is a pertinent index for determining the highly malignant potential in esophageal carcinoma.