黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的诊疗特点

目的探讨黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎(xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis,XGC)的诊断与手术治疗特点。方法回顾性分析13例经病理确诊的XGC病人的临床资料。术前B超检查13例,CT检查5例,MRI检查3例,ERCP检查1例,术前均误诊。结果11例行术中冰冻切片病理检查,确诊9例。9例行胆囊切除术,1例行胆囊切除加胆总管探查T管引流术,1例行胆囊大部切除加十二指肠瘘修补术,2例行胆囊切除加胆囊床部肝组织切除。均治愈,无死亡病例。结论XGC是一种少见的特殊类型的慢性胆囊炎,术前诊断困难,确诊依赖病理检查,开腹胆囊切除是基本手术方式。     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的临床诊断及治疗

回顾性分析近5年来收治的9例黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎（XGC）患者的临床资料。术前 B超检查9例，CT检查4例，MRI检查3例，ERCP检查1例，但均误诊。术中冷冻病理确诊7例，另2例诊断为急性胆囊炎。术后石蜡病理确诊9例。5例行胆囊切除术，1例行胆囊切除加胆总管探查T管引流术，1例行胆囊大部切除加十二指肠瘘修补术，2例行胆囊切除加胆囊床部肝组织切除。术后并发胆瘘1例，切口感染1例。全组无死亡病例。笔者体会：术中冷冻切片检查和术后病理检查是XGC诊断的关键，施行以切除胆囊为主的手术治疗。     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的诊治探讨

目的探讨黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎（XGC）的诊断与治疗。方法回顾17例XGC的临床资料。结果术前B超检查17例,反复CT检查6例,均未能明确诊断,全部病例均术后病理确诊。手术方式：12例行胆囊切除术,2例行胆囊大部切除术,3例行胆囊床肝脏楔形切除术和肝十二指肠韧带淋巴结清扫术,17例均治俞。结论XGC是一种少见的特殊型的慢性胆囊炎,影像学检查易与胆囊癌混淆,确诊依赖病理检查,手术切除是早期诊断治疗的的最佳方法。术中冰冻切片病理检查,避免手术盲目扩大化。     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的诊治(附8例报告)

目的　探讨黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎 (XGC)的诊断和治疗。方法　回顾 8例XGC的临床资料。结果　XGC占同期胆囊标本的 0 5 % (8/1 60 0 )。临床表现与慢性结石性胆囊炎一致。B超检查 8例 ,CT检查 3例 ,术前全部误诊。术中病理确诊 2例、术后病理确诊 6例。 8例行胆囊切除 ;其中 4例行胆囊床肝脏楔形切除 ,同时行肝十二指肠韧带内淋巴结清扫加右半结肠切除、胃大部分切除各 1例 ,全部治愈。结论　XGC是一种少见特殊类型的慢性胆囊炎 ,影像学检查易与胆囊癌混淆 ,确诊依赖病理检查。手术是早期诊断和治疗的最佳途径。胆囊切除是常用的术式 ,炎症浸润肝脏等周围组织或不能排除胆囊癌时应扩大手术范围。     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的诊治（附22例报告）

目的 探讨黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎(XGX)的诊断和治疗。方法 对我院1990年2月-2000年3月间收治的22例XGC作回顾性分析。结果 XGC占同期胆囊标本的1．4％(22／1523)。临床表现与一般胆囊炎类似，B超示胆囊壁不规则隆起或增厚7例，GF检查5例怀疑为胆囊癌，肿瘤标志物检查1例铁蛋白(SF)轻度升高；伴黄疸4例中例合并胆总管结石，1例合并胰头癌。术前全部误诊。术中冰冻切片检查10例，4例确诊为XGC，其余为术后病理诊断。行胆囊大部切除术2例，胆囊切除加肝边缘不规则切除术2例，其余行单纯胆囊切除。全部治愈。结论 XGC是一种特殊类型的胆囊炎，临床表现不典型，易与胆囊癌相混淆，术前难于诊断。组织病理学检查是确诊的重要手段。胆囊切除是常用的术式，不能排除胆囊癌时应扩大手术范围。本病预后良好。     

术中冰冻检查在诊断黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎中的作用

目的探讨术中冰冻切片检查在诊断黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎(xanthogranu lom atous cholecystitis,XGC)中的作用。方法统计我院10年间确诊XGC的33例病例,其中9例行术中冰冻切片检查。结果9例患者术前均行B超及CT检查,术前诊断为慢性结石性胆囊炎3例,胆囊癌5例,胆囊占位1例。所有患者的术中所见均有胆囊壁明显增厚,胆囊与肝脏胆囊床面、大网膜等周围组织明显粘连。行术中冰冻切片检查后,快速病理回报提示,3例明确诊断XGC,4例为慢性胆囊炎性病变,2例提示胆囊壁蜂窝组织炎样改变。4例行胆囊切除术,4例行部分胆囊切除术,1例行胆囊癌根治术。术后病理均诊断为XGC。结论XGC是一种特殊类型的慢性胆囊炎性病变,在临床上非常少见。胆囊慢性炎症使胆囊壁增厚,并与肝脏或临近组织粘连浸润,影像学上和大体上易误诊为胆囊癌。确诊XGC需依赖病理检查。术中冰冻切片检查可明确病变性质,排除胆囊恶性病变,对手术方式的选择有直接影响,避免了术中盲目扩大切除的可能。     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的诊治:附17例报告

目的:探讨黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎(XGC)的诊断和治疗。 方法:回顾性分析2002年1月—2008年3月经病理确诊为XGC 17例患者的临床资料。结果:平均发病年龄64.5岁，男女比例为13∶4，临床表现类似一般的胆囊炎，术前仅1例CT检查提示XGC可能，其余均误诊。术中发现全部病例100％胆囊壁均增厚；88.2％（15/17）合并胆囊结石；23.5％（4/17）合并胆总管结石；11.8%（2/17）合并Mirizzi综合征。术中冷冻病理检查6例均排除胆囊癌。4例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术，中转开腹2例；其余13例中开腹行胆囊除术9例，行胆囊大部切除术2例，行胆囊加胆囊床部肝楔形切除术2例；行胆总管切开探查术6例，其中3例胆总管一期缝合，3例胆总管T管引流；行经胆囊管胆总管探查4例。术后切口感染l例。结论:XGC是一特殊类型胆囊炎，临床表现不典型,术前难以诊断，病理检查是XGC诊断的关键，手术治疗以胆囊切除为主,对伴有黄疸、胆总管扩张, 不能排除胆总管结石者术中应探查胆总管。本病预后良好。     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的诊治(附22例报告)

目的　探讨黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎 (XGC)的诊断和治疗。方法　对我院 1 990年 2月 -2 0 0 0年 3月间收治的 2 2例XGC作回顾性分析。结果　XGC占同期胆囊标本的 1 .4% (2 2 1 5 2 3 )。临床表现与一般胆囊炎类似 ,B超示胆囊壁不规则隆起或增厚 7例 ,CT检查 5例怀疑为胆囊癌 ,肿瘤标志物检查 1例铁蛋白 (SF)轻度升高 ;伴黄疸 4例中 1例合并胆总管结石 ,1例合并胰头癌。术前全部误诊。术中冰冻切片检查 1 0例 ,4例确诊为XGC ,其余为术后病理诊断。行胆囊大部切除术 2例 ,胆囊切除加肝边缘不规则切除术 2例 ,其余行单纯胆囊切除。全部治愈。结论　XGC是一种特殊类型的胆囊炎 ,临床表现不典型 ,易与胆囊癌相混淆 ,术前难于诊断。组织病理学检查是确诊的重要手段。胆囊切除是常用的术式 ,不能排除胆囊癌时应扩大手术范围。本病预后良好     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎8例报告

目的 提高黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎（xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis,XGC)的诊治水平。方法 对8例XGC的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 8例XGC的临床表现基本与胆囊炎、胆石症相似,影像学检查及术中大体标本酷似中晚期胆囊癌。术前诊断为胆囊炎、胆石症5例,诊断为胆囊占位2例,肝门部占位1例。8例均手术切除胆囊,其中3例加行了范围较大的扩大切除术,造成肝外胆管损伤2例,1例死亡。结论 XGC是一种良性而有破坏性的特殊类型胆囊炎,其临床表现不典型,术前影像学检查及术中肉眼观察应与胆囊癌相鉴别,胆囊壁增厚,壁内有多个灰黄色或黄绿色结节时,对本病诊断有意义。组织病理学检查是确诊本病的重要手段。胆囊切除是基本手术方式,扩大切除没有必要。     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎误诊为胆囊癌十例分析

目的 分析黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎（xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis,XGC）误诊为胆囊癌的原因.方法 分析我院1996-2005年间确诊为黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的33例的临床资料,其中10例在术前和术中误诊为胆囊癌.结果 10例患者中B超和CT均诊断为胆囊癌5例,慢性胆囊炎1例;B超诊断为胆囊癌而CT诊断为慢性胆囊炎2例;B超诊断为慢性胆囊炎而CT诊断为胆囊癌2例;术中均见有胆囊壁增厚,胆囊与肝、大网膜等周围组织粘连.3例行胆囊切除＋肝部分切除术,6例行胆囊切除＋肝部分切除术＋肝十二指肠韧带清扫术,1例行部分胆囊切除＋胆囊空肠吻合＋横结肠部分切除.术后病理为黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎.结论 黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎影像学表现和肉眼所见易误诊为胆囊癌.确诊需依赖病理检查.术中冰冻组织学检查有助于明确病变性质.     

Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis: 15 Years’ Experience

The demographic and clinical aspects of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) over a period of 15 years are reviewed. The review entailed examining 12,426 clinical files of patients who had undergone cholecystectomy, including 182 patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of XGC. Altogether, 1.46% of the cholecystectomies performed were done on patients with a diagnosis of XGC. XGC presented in patients over the age of 32, with a male/female ratio of 2:1. Thickening of the gallbladder wall, seen on ultrasonography and computed tomography scans, was demonstrated in 100% of the cases. A total of 17% of the cases presented in acute form. Obstructive jaundice was observed in 23% of the patients, 11 of which cases were associated with choledocholithiasis (30% of these patients had jaundice) and the rest with extrinsic obstruction of the bile tract (Mirizzi syndrome). XGC was associated with lithiasis in 85% of the cases. A malignant lesion was suspected during operation in 30% of the cases, requiring histopathologic examination during surgery. Carcinomatous lesions were found in 3% of the cases. Surgical difficulty was reported in 65% of the cases, resulting in the performance of partial cholecystectomy in 35%. XGC is an infrequent form of chronic inflammation of the gallbladder, the clinical presentation of which is similar to that of cholecystitis; given the thickening of the gallbladder wall, it makes cholecystectomy difficult. As XGC may resemble adenocarcinoma, differentiation is essential by means of intraoperative histologic examination to ensure optimal surgical treatment.     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎

目的探讨黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎（ＸＧＣ）的临床病理特征和诊断。方法对１９８６～１９９６年间从５８５例胆囊病理检查标本中检出的２０例（３．４％）ＸＧＣ作回顾性临床病理观察。结果２０例（男９例,女１１例）ＸＧＣ的临床表现类似一般的慢性胆囊炎或胆石病。手术所见：胆囊壁增厚伴广泛粘连而酷似癌。２０例临床全部误诊。镜下所见：多结节型１０例,局灶型７例,弥漫型３例。胆囊壁内均见典型的泡沫细胞肉芽肿或胆汁肉芽肿。结论ＸＧＣ临床诊断困难,确诊和与胆囊癌的鉴别主要靠病理检查。对可疑病例术中冰冻切片检查是必要的。对所有切除的胆囊都应送病理检查,以防漏诊或误诊。     

黄色肉芽肿性胆囊炎的诊治分析

目的探讨黄色肉芽肿行胆囊炎（xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis,XGC）的诊治。方法回顾性分析4例XGC的临床资料并复习相关文献。结果术前影像学诊断均未能明确诊断,全部病例均术后病理确诊。手术方式：3例行胆囊床肝脏楔形切除术、肝十二指肠韧带淋巴结清扫,1例行胆囊床肝脏楔形切除术、肝十二指肠韧带淋巴结清扫及部分结肠肝曲切除术,4例病人均治愈。均获随访,平均时间39个月（7个月～6年）,患者健康状况良好,无局部复发及恶变情况。结论 XGC是一种较为少见的胆囊炎,术前诊断较为困难,容易误诊为胆囊癌,确诊依赖病理检查,手术切除是治疗的最佳方法。术中冰冻病理检查可指导手术方案的实施。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中意外胆囊癌12例诊治分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中意外胆囊癌(unexpected gallb ladder carc inom a,UGC)的处理措施。方法:回顾分析本院955例LC术中遇到的12例(1.26%)UGC的临床资料。结果:随诊3~36个月,平均18个月。迄今全部存活。5例PT1、5例PT2、1例PT3(中转开腹)随访至今未发现癌复发及转移。1例PT2因拒绝根治术,现出现肝多发转移。1例PT4因腹腔种植转移,无法根治,故仅部分切除胆囊(胆囊粘连重),以解决急性胆囊炎问题,现有腹水、恶液质表现。所有病例均未见脐部戳孔处肿瘤种植转移。结论:LC术中应常规切开胆囊标本,必要时送术中冰冻。PT1单纯切除胆囊已足够;PT2要额外楔形切除肝组织及区域淋巴结;PT3中转开腹,行根治手术或姑息手术。     

A case of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis suspected to be adenocarcinoma based on the intraoperative peritoneal washing cytology

INTRODUCTION

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a variant of chronic cholecystitis. XGC remains difficult to distinguish from gallbladder cancer radiologically and macroscopically.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

A 63-year-old female was referred to our hospital because of a gallbladder tumor. Abdominal CT and MRI revealed a thickened gallbladder that had an obscure border with the transverse colon. FDG-PET showed a high uptake of FDG in the gallbladder. Therefore, under the preoperative diagnosis of an advanced gallbladder cancer with invasion to the transverse colon, a laparotomy was performed. Because adenocarcinoma was suspected based on the intraoperative peritoneal washing cytology (IPWC), cholecystectomy and partial transverse colectomy were performed instead of radial surgery. However, the case was proven to be XGC with no malignant cells after the operation.

DISCUSSION

In patients with gallbladder cancer who underwent surgery in our institute from 2000 to 2009, the prognosis after the operation of patients with only positive IPWC tended to be better than that of patients with definitive peritoneal disseminated nodules. It is true that in some cases, it is difficult to differentiate XGC from gallbladder carcinoma pre- and intra-operatively.

CONCLUSION

Surgical procedures should be selected based on the facts that there are long-term survivors with gallbladder cancer diagnosed with positive IPWC, and that some patients with XGC are initially diagnosed to have carcinoma by IPWC, as was seen in our case.