脑组织急诊冰冻切片技术与苏木素伊红染色方法的改进

冰冻切片质量的高低直接关系到能否准确、及时地作出病理诊断。针对这一问题有人曾介绍了许多提高冰冻切片质量的方法,但是,这些方法无法解决脑组织冰冻     

循环免疫荧光法助力组织学多靶标共染

免疫组化染色是一种研究组织形态和原位蛋白表达的重要技术,对肿瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断、指导治疗、判断预后等方面具有重要作用[1] .组织切片可以为细胞和组织生物学提供丰富的信息.在同一张切片上,传统免疫组化染色通常只能对1 ～2 种抗原进行染色分析,随着精准医学的发展和蛋白质组学更加深入的研究,如不同蛋白间的相互作用,共表达...     

PASM-Masson套染在肾穿刺活检中的应用

肾穿刺活检组织病理诊断是肾脏疾病诊断以及鉴别的重要方法,包括常规HE染色、特殊染色、免疫荧光染色及电镜检查等。其中,特殊染色是肾穿刺活检组织的重要辅助检查方法,主要包括PAS染色、PASM染色、Masson染色以及刚果红染色等。在日常工作中,如果对穿刺肾组织分别进行染色,所需时间长,工作量大,不利于病理医师镜下观察免疫复合物沉积及其位置[1]。     

兔脑组织三种染色方法的比较

目的通过Nissl染色、苏木素伊红(HE)染色和Nissl-HE联合染色方法观察兔脑组织结构。方法分别对同一新鲜兔脑组织进行Nissl染色、HE染色和Nissl-HE联合染色。结果 Nissl染色易于观察神经元细胞的尼氏体形态;HE染色方便观察神经组织形态结构的轮廓;Nissl-HE联合染色后神经元细胞细胞核蓝染、细胞质粉染,尼氏体呈虎斑状蓝染,均清晰可见,易于观察、分辨。结论应用Nissl-H-E联合染色能够清晰地分辨出神经元细胞的细胞核、细胞质和尼氏体等形态结构。     

重复性低氧增高小鼠脑组织内CREB的磷酸化水平

为探讨cAMP反应元件结合蛋白(CREB)在小鼠脑低氧预适应形成过程中的作用,本研究应用Westernblot技术结合GelDoc凝胶成像系统,半定量检测了整体低氧预适应模型小鼠脑组织内CREB的磷酸化水平和非磷酸化水平的表达水平。结果显示:(1)随低氧暴露次数(H1H4)的增加,小鼠海马组织内CREB的磷酸化水平(激活程度)明显增高(P<0.05;n=7);同样,大脑皮层内CREB的磷酸化水平也随低氧暴露次数(H1H4)的增加而明显增高(P<0.05,n=7);(2)随低氧暴露次数(H1H4)的增加,CREB的蛋白表达量无论在小鼠海马组织还是皮层组织内均无明显变化。以上结果提示CREB磷酸化水平的增高(激活)可能参与了脑低氧预适应的形成过程。     

Gomori网染套染天狼猩红染色在肝活检中的应用

<正>在肝活检中,需要应用大量的特殊染色来辅助诊断,如天狼猩红染色、Masson三色染色、网状纤维Gomori法染色(简称Gomori网染)、普鲁士蓝铁染色、胆色素染色、Schmorl脂褐素染色、红氨酸铜染色等;其中Gomori网染、Masson三色染色和天狼猩红染色是常用的纤维染色方法,且较难被免疫组化等新技术替代。肝纤维化是肝损伤因子如病毒、酒精、药物等致肝损伤的修复性反应,是慢性肝损伤发展为肝硬化等终末期肝病的共同途径。     

大鼠与小鼠脑组织脱水方法的实验研究

近年来，我们在协助其他单位或研究生做动物实验后的组织病理学研究中发现，若按日常人体标本的脱水时间和程序制备大鼠与小鼠的脑组织蜡块，则在切片后进行染色前处理及染色时会出现严重的脱片现象，从而造成后续工作无法进行。即使在载玻片上涂蛋白甘油、多聚赖氨酸等防脱片剂效果不佳，未脱片者的HE染色、特殊染色及免疫组化染色     

大鼠脑组织厚冷冻切片的经验探讨

正现阶段利用动物模型可以帮助我们发现引起精神疾病临床症状的脑部异常变化,进而为治疗提供重要的理念与依据。动物模型的脑组织切片的特殊染色、免疫组化染色、免疫荧光染色等病理学技术是观察脑部组织异常改变非常重要的方法。如对大鼠脑组织行振动切片高尔基染色,以对神经元的形态进行定性或定量的观察[1]。相关文献中也经常会进行冷冻厚切片(25～50 μm)的制作[2-3]。与临床病理相比,动物实验性研究的冷冻切片病理技术操作及结果展示上会有所不同[4]     

Infinity HE高清恒染系统在病理常规染色中的应用

在日常病理工作中,为保证HE染色的质量,一般染片1500~1800张需更换染液。由于苏木精氧化持续等因素的存在,每张切片进行染色时试剂所处的状态不一致,也无法做到每张切片着色均一。在相对固定的染色程序中寻找稳定性较高的染液,保证在一定染片数量范围内每张切片着色均一,成为病理工作者致力解决的问题之一。本文就In-finity高清恒染系统在常规病理染色的稳定性进行评价。     

A new method for detecting hepatitis B surface antigen in liver by silver staining

Staining of tubular and circular structures within the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum of the cytoplasm of liver cells infected with hepatitis B virus was enhanced by the use of 1% aqueous silver proteinate.     

Golgi-Kopsch silver study of the brain of a patient with untreated phenylketonuria,seizures, and cortical blindness

This report describes the morphological changes observed in the brain of an untreated 27-year-old man with phenylketonuria, cortical blindness, and seizures. Golgi–Kopsch silver, cresyl violet, and hematoxylin and eosin stains were used to study cell structure and organization of the cerebellum, the lateral geniculate nuclei, the visual cortex, frontal cortex, and hippocampus. Extensive neuronal losses occurred in the right lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), the visual cortex, and hippocampus. The left LGN, cerebellum, and frontal cortex retained neuronal components; there was a reduction in the number of dendritic processes on the Purkinje cells of the PKU subject. The loss of neurons in the LGN and occipital cortex is related to the blindness and the neuronal loss in the hippocampus is related to seizure activity. © Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Ammoniacal silver method at alkaline pH for demonstrating morphological and functional differences between nerve cells

Laboratory of Cytochemistry, Brain Research Institute, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences O. S. Adrianov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 6, pp. 660–663, June, 1992.     

Effect of diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC) on sulphide silver stained boutons reversible blocking of Timm's sulphide silver stain for “heavy” metals in DEDTC treated rats (Light Microscopy)

Summary Adult albino rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of diethyidithiocarbamate (DEDTC) in doses from 7 to 1000 mg per kg body weight and sacrificed by vascular perfusion with buffered sodium sulphide 5 min to several days after DEDTC treatment. Sections of the brains were cut on a cryostat and stained with a physical developer (Timm's method).Intravital DEDTC treatment prevented subsequent sulphide silver staining of the hippocampal mossy fibre boutons, other synaptic fields within the hippocampal region, the neuropil in the amygdala, and all other parts of the forebrain except the olfactory bulb and the islands of Calleja. This effect was virtually identical to that recently reported for another chelating agent, dithizone.The effect of a single injection is reversible and its magnitude and duration depend upon the dose.It is suggested that DEDTC combines with transition and group IIb metals present in specific synaptic boutons in the forebrain.On leave of absence from the Anatomical Institute, University of Oslo (Norway).This study was supported in part by U.S. P.H.S. Grant NS 07998. We are indebted to UCLA brain information service for bibliographical assistance. We are greatly indebted to Lene Knudsen, Birgit Örum, Thorkild Nielsen, Karin Sörensen, and Albert Meier for their valuable technical assistance.     

银离子水凝胶涂层导尿管抑菌效力定量检查方法的建立

目的建立银离子水凝胶涂层导尿管的抑菌效力定量检查方法。方法根据《中华人民共和国药典》2015年版微生物计数法(四部通则1105),以金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、表皮葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌作为试验菌株,以D/E中和肉汤作为中和剂,采用中和剂与薄膜过滤法联合使用的方式对银离子水凝胶涂层导尿管进行微生物计数方法适用性试验。根据《中华人民共和国药典》2015年版抑菌效力检查法(四部通则1121),采用经验证的微生物计数方法定量测定银离子水凝胶涂层导尿管对上述5种试验菌的抑菌效力。结果D/E中和肉汤与薄膜过滤法联合使用可以有效中和银离子的抑菌活性,银离子水凝胶涂层导尿管对上述5种试验菌均具有较好的抑菌作用,抑菌率均能达到99%,且抑菌效力可持续至14 d。结论采用D/E中和肉汤与薄膜过滤法联合使用的方式建立适用于银离子水凝胶涂层导尿管的微生物计数方法,可照此方法进行抑菌效力检查中存活菌数的测定。建立的方法可用于银离子水凝胶涂层导尿管抑菌效力的定量检查。     

Silver staining of DNA restriction fragments for the rapid identification of adenovirus isolates: application during nosocomial outbreaks

The ultrasensitive photochemical silver stain for nucleic acids, described by Beidler et al. (1982), has been applied to the detection of adenovirus restriction fragments as a relatively rapid technique for the identification of virus isolates. In this study, restriction enzyme cleavage analysis was used to characterize adenovirus isolates from what appeared to be two nosocomial outbreaks. The first outbreak was thus shown to include two clusters of patients, and involved two serotypes Ad7c and Ad40. The second outbreak was unrelated and involved Ad35. Although restriction analysis does not replace serum neutralization as a routine method for typing adenoviruses, it is a much more rapid means of discriminating between different patient isolates, providing a current rather than retrospective analysis of a nosocomial outbreak. During the first outbreak, restriction analysis identified two distinct adenovirus serotypes from one patient--Ad7c from a nasopharyngeal aspirate and Ad41 from a stool specimen. Restriction analysis is also valuable for the sub-typing of virus isolates. In this study, the Ad40 and Ad41 isolates were shown to be variants of the respective prototype strains.