(Z)-1-溴-2-甲基-1-丁烯的合成

以丁酮为原料,与由亚磷酸三乙酯和氯乙酸乙酯反应得到的二乙氧基磷酰基乙酸乙酯进行Wittig-Horner反应后,再经碱性水解、溴加成反应和脱溴脱羧反应制得(z)-1-溴-2-甲基-1-丁烯,总收率53.2%(以丁酮计).     

1-氯-2-甲基-4-乙酰氧基-2-丁烯的制备

异戊二烯与三氯异氰脲酸和水进行氯醇化反应,得1-氯-2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇和4-氯-3-甲基-2-丁烯醇,该混合物在对甲苯磺酸催化下与乙酐反应,得1-氯-2-甲基-4-乙酰氧基-2-丁烯,总收率约为61%,纯度93.5%。     

N-(3-甲基-1-吡咯烷基)-1-丁酮基-苯丙酰胺的合成研究

目的:合成心血管疾病新治疗靶点小分子白介素1受体/髓样分化蛋白88-TIR(Toll/IL-1receptor)(IL-1R/MyD88-TIR)拟似物N-(3-甲基-1-吡咯烷基)-1-丁酮基-苯丙酰胺。方法:以N-叔丁氧羰基-L-缬氨酸羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯为原料,先合成3-甲基-2-叔丁氧羰氨基-1-吡咯烷基-1-丁酮,再合成N-(3-甲基-1-吡咯烷基)-1-丁酮基-苯丙酰胺,产物结构经核磁共振(NMR)和质谱(MS)确证。结果:通过2步反应合成了N-(3-甲基-1-吡咯烷基)-1-丁酮基-苯丙酰胺,反应总收率为81.1%,产物结构经NMR和MS证实为目标化合物。结论:该反应条件温和,操作方便,收率较高。     

5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)苯胺的合成

3,5-二硝基三氟甲苯(2)与氟化四甲铵进行氟代反应,所得单氟中间体再与4-甲基-1H-咪唑进行取代反应得到5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)-硝基苯(3),然后在Pd/C催化下氢化还原制得抗肿瘤药尼罗替尼的中间体5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-眯唑-1-基)-苯胺(1),总收率约50％(以2计).     

3-(1-甲基-5-甲硫基-1-H-四氮唑)-氨基头孢烷酸二苯基亚甲酯的合成研究

以氨基头孢烷酸为原料合成3-(1-甲基-5-甲硫基-1-H-四氮唑)-氨基头孢烷酸二苯基亚甲酯的研究,目的是通过优化反应条件,简化操作,提高产率,降低合成成本。通过对溶剂、催化剂用量、投料比、反应温度和反应液浓度等条件的优化,以两步80%左右合成收率制备3-(1-甲基-5-甲硫基-1-H-四氮唑)-氨基头孢烷酸二苯基亚甲酯。     

瑞格列奈关键中间体(S)-(+)-3-甲基-1-[2-(1-哌啶基)苯基]丁胺的合成

目的研究合成非磺酰脲类促胰岛素分泌剂瑞格列奈的关键中间体(S)-(+)-3-甲基-1-[2-(1-哌啶基)苯基]丁胺的合成工艺。方法以邻氟苯甲醛(1)为起始原料,首先与盐酸羟胺反应生成邻氟苯甲醛肟(2),再经脱水生成邻氟苯腈(3),然后与哌啶进行胺解反应生成邻哌啶基苯腈(4),再与溴代异丁基镁进行格氏反应生成亚胺衍生物(5),最后经硼氢化钠还原生成消旋伯胺(6),经与N-乙酰-L-谷氨酸成盐、拆分、氢氧化钠水解得到目标产物S-(6)。结果以邻氟苯甲醛为起始原料,经6步反应合成了(S)-(+)-3-甲基-1-[2-(1-哌啶基)苯基]丁胺,总收率达15.4%,目标产物结构经ESI-MS、1H-NMR确证。结论本合成方法原料易得,反应条件温和,适合大规模制备。     

2-苯基-3-甲硫基-1H-吲哚的合成研究

目的 合成2-苯基-3-甲硫基-1H-吲哚.方法 以邻碘苯胺与苯乙炔为起始原料,通过Sonogashira交叉偶联反应、亲电环合反应合成了2-苯基-3-甲硫基-1H-吲哚.结果 合成了2-苯基-3-甲硫基-1H-吲哚,反应总收率为80.6％.结论 该反应条件温和,产物立体选择性好,收率较高,尤其是碘单质作用下的亲电环合反应,是在无金属条件进行的,产物结构经NMR和MS得到了确证.     

咪康唑中间体1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(1-咪唑基)乙醇合成新工艺

目的合成1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(1-咪唑基)乙醇.方法以2,4-二氯苯甲醛为原料,在碱性条件下与锍内鎓盐反应得到的1-(2,4-二氯苯基)环氧乙烷与咪唑反应得到抗真茵药物咪康唑中间体1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(1-咪唑基)乙醇.结果此工艺具有反应条件温和、易控,原料便宜易得等优点,总收率54%,产品纯度≥99.0%.结论该合成工艺可行,具有工业生产价值.     

4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯的合成

2-甲基-2-羟基丙腈(2)经三甲基硅基(TMS)保护后,经Blaise反应并脱三甲基硅烷基保护,在亚硝酸钠和乙酸作用下肟化和Pd/C催化还原得到2-氨基-4-羟基-4-甲基-3-氧代戊酸乙酯三氟乙酸盐,再与丁酰亚氨酸甲酯盐酸盐环合得到奥美沙坦酯关键中间体4-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯,总收率约40%。     

2-苯基-1-丁醇与2-二甲氨基-2-苯基丁腈的合成

目的为马来酸曲美布汀的重要中间体2-二甲氨基-2-苯基-1-丁醇的合成奠定基础。方法苯乙腈与溴乙烷进行烃化反应得2-苯基-1-丁腈,所得产物经水解得2-苯基-1-丁酸,然后通过硼氢化钠-碘体系还原得2-苯基-1-丁醇;苯乙腈与N-溴代丁二酰亚胺进行卤代反应得溴代苯乙腈,所得产物与二甲胺进行烃化反应得2-二甲氨基苯乙腈,然后与溴乙烷进行烃化反应得2-二甲氨基-2-苯基丁腈。结果合成了2-苯基-1-丁醇和2-二甲氨基-2-苯基丁腈,总收率为分别为51%和59.4%。目标产物的结构经核磁共振氢谱、质谱确证。结论本合成方法原料易得,操作简单,收率较高,适合于工业化生产。     

Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of 3-((5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide; a novel ALK5 inhibitor and a potential anti-fibrosis drug

The authors investigated the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 3-((5-(6-methylpyridin-2-yl)-4-(quinoxalin-6-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide (IN-1130), a novel ALK5 inhibitor, which suppresses renal and hepatic fibrosis, and also exerts anti-metastatic effects on breast cancer-bearing MMTV-cNeu mice model. Plasma half-lives of orally administered IN-1130 were 62.6 min in mice, 76.6?±?10.6 min in dogs, 156.1?±?19.3 min in rats, and 159.9?±?59.9 min in monkeys. IN-1130 showed a high apparent permeability coefficient (P_app) of (45.0?±?2.3)?×?10^?6 cm s^?1 in in vitro permeability tests in a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. The bioavailability of orally administered IN-1130 was 84.9% in dogs and 34.4% in monkeys (oral dose, 5.5 mg kg^?1), 11.4% in rats and 8.95% in mice (oral dose, 50.3 mg kg^?1), respectively. Orally given IN-1130 was readily distributed into liver, kidneys and lungs. The major metabolite of IN-1130 (M1) was detected in the systemic circulation of rat and mouse and was purified and tentatively identified as 3-((4-(3-hydroxyquinoxaline-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridine-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide or 3-((4-(2-hydroxyquinoxalin-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridine-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)benzamide. The highest levels of M1 were found in liver. The results of this study suggest that IN-1130 has the potential to serve as an effective oral anti-fibrotic drug.     

2,4,6-三(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)吡啶和2,4,6-三(1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-2-基)吡啶的微波辐射合成

苯并咪唑类衍生物及其金属配合物具有良好的生物活性,可用作抗寄生虫药和质子泵抑制剂等。近年来的药理研究证明,此类化合物对肝炎、骨炎、脾炎等也具有治疗和预防作用,还可作为有机合成反应的中间体。三苯并咪唑类和三吡啶并咪唑类化合物亦具有类似的生理活性。     

4-[4-(吡啶-3-基)咪唑-1-基]丁胺的合成

以3-乙酰基吡啶为起始原料,经肟化、磺酰化、氧化、环合、还原得到3-(咪唑-4-基)吡啶,再经与N-(4-溴丁基)邻苯二甲酰亚胺缩合及肼解等反应制得抗菌剂泰利霉素的特定侧链化合物4-[4-(吡啶-3-基)咪唑-1-基]丁胺,总收率24%.     

7－（1－咪唑）－烷氧基黄酮衍生物的合成

黄酮类化合物和１－取代咪唑衍生物都具有较强的抑制血小板聚集活性，本文报道了由二溴代烷和咪唑及７－羟基黄酮衍生物合成８个新的７－（１－咪唑）烷氧基黄酮衍生物。     

2-甲基-4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2-丁烯醛的合成

2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-甲醛与(3-甲氧基-2-甲基烯丙基)膦酸二乙酯经Wittig-Homer缩合制得1-甲氧基-2-甲基-4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-1,3-丁二烯,然后经酸催化水解得到维生素A的关键中间体2-甲基-4-(2,6,6-三甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-2-丁烯醛,总收率约47%.     

(2E,4E)-N-(4-(1H-Indol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl)alkyl-5-(substituted phenyl)-2,4-pentadienamides as Antiallergic Agents with Antihistaminic and Anti Slow-Reacting Substance (SRS) Activities

As an extension of our study aiming to discover a novel compound with dual activities against histamine and slow-reacting substance (SRS), we synthesized two types of indolylpiperidine derivatives, 3 and 4–20. Testing for in vivo antianaphylactic activity and for in vitro anti-SRS activity revealed that (2E,4E)-5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(2-(4-(1H-indol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)-2,4-pentadienamide ( 11 ) exhibited potent dual activities with ED₅₀ = 0.89 mg/kg and IC₅₀ = 1.43 μM, respectively. However, the plasma concentration of unchanged 11 was very low when administered orally in guinea pigs. This result can be explained by fast formation of a glucuronic acid conjugate.     

Synthesis and antifungal activity of new N-(1-phenyl-4-carbetoxypyrazol-5-yl)-, N-(indazol-3-yl)- and N-(indazol-5-yl)-2-iodobenzamides

N-(1-Phenyl-4-carbetoxypyrazol-5-yl)-, N-(indazol-3-yl)- and N-(indazol-5-yl)-2-iodobenzamides 6, with a Benodanil-like structure, were synthesized by refluxing in acetic acid the corresponding benzotriazinones 5 with potassium iodide for 1 h in order to study the role on the antifungal activity of the N-substitution with an aromatic heterocyclic system on benzamide moiety. Among the tested iododerivatives, compounds 6d,f,g,h possess interesting activities toward some phytopathogenic fungal strains.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定(E)-3-(4-((3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲氧基)-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸在SD大鼠血浆中的浓度

目的 建立测定SD大鼠血浆中(E)-3-(4-((3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲氧基)-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸浓度的反相高效液相色谱(LC-UV)方法,并用于其在SD大鼠体内的药动学研究。方法 采用Diamonsil-C₁₈(2)柱(100 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),以乙腈:水(含5 mM的醋酸铵,用醋酸调节pH至4.0)=30:70为流动相,测定70只SD大鼠单剂量尾静脉给药15 mg/kg后不同时刻血浆中药物的浓度,并由此计算其在SD大鼠体内的药动学参数。结果 SD大鼠     

Synthesis and antileukemic activity of new 3-(1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-yl)-2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones

3-(1-Phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-yl)-2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones 14a-q and 15a-q were synthesized by refluxing in acetic acid the corresponding 2-methylquinazolinones 12 and 13 with the opportune benzoic aldehyde for 12 h. The synthesized styrylquinazolinones 14a-q and 15a-q were tested in vitro for their antileukemic activity against L1210 (murine leukemia), K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) and HL60 (human leukemia) cell lines showing in some cases good activity.     

4-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)-3-O-甲基-D-肌醇的制备及镇咳活性

右旋肌醇甲醚经缩酮制化得3-O-甲基-1，2：5，6-二-O-异亚丙基-D-肌醇，经甲磺酰化、水解、与4-苯基哌嗪缩合制得左羟丙哌嗪类似物4-（4-苯基哌嗪-1-基）-3-O-甲基-D-肌醇，总收率38％。镇咳药效实验表明，目标物对致咳小鼠的镇咳作用明显，但不及左羟丙哌嗪。