Left ventricular cardiac hemangioma in a patient with chronic heart failure

Cardiac hemangiomas are rare benign tumors. Here, we report the case of a man in his 30s who had a cardiac hemangioma with no symptoms. He was being treated with β-blockers for chronic heart failure with hypertensive heart disease at Osaka Minato Central Hospital. Routine echocardiography revealed a mobile spherical mass in the left ventricle that had not been detected on echocardiography performed 4 months previously. Subsequently, the tumor was excised to prevent potential embolic events and was pathologically diagnosed as a cardiac hemangioma. This case demonstrates the relatively rapid progress of a cardiac hemangioma regardless of β-blocker administration, which is occasionally used for the treatment of hemangiomas. The efficacy of β-blockers in treating cardiac hemangiomas may vary according to the type of β-blocker. Echocardiography is useful in screening and follow-up of cardiac hemangiomas; however, additional imaging modalities are needed for differential diagnosis.     

Prenatally detected umbilical cord tumor as a sign of diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis

We report a case of a prenatally detected hemangioma of the umbilical cord as an early sign of diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis (DNH). The newborn was diagnosed with multiple hemangiomas in the liver, intestines, skin, and brain. Prenatal ultrasound findings, neonatal appearance of the hemangiomas, and the associated complications are illustrated. Interdisciplinary investigations as well as operative and systemic treatment approaches proved to be challenging. This case illustrates how prenatal ultrasound with color Doppler facilitates the early diagnosis of DNH and can help through the early referral to specialized centers for appropriate treatment.     

Proteus综合征并发脾脏巨大血管瘤与慢性DIC——两例报告及文献复习

目的报道2例Proteus综合征并发脾脏巨大血管瘤与慢性DIC患者的临床、实验室止血检查与病理的特点及其治疗。方法用彩色B超与MRI对血管瘤做显像检查，分析Proteus综合征的脾脏巨大血管瘤的病理特征，检测患者的实验室止血指标。结果首次报道了2例并发脾脏巨大血管瘤的Proteus综合征患者，并导致慢性DIC（Kasabach-Merritt综合征），患者在经脾切除后治愈。结论Proteus综合征并发巨大血管瘤时可引起慢性DIC。患者的血浆纤维蛋白原水平显著降低有助于与其他病因的DIC的鉴别。     

超声引导下平阳霉素瘤体内注射与DSA引导下平阳霉素肝动脉栓塞治疗肝血管瘤对比分析

目的 对比分析超声引导下平阳霉素(PYM)瘤体内注射与DSA引导下PYM肝动脉栓塞治疗肝血管瘤的临床应用价值。方法 收集50例肝血管瘤患者,对其中26例(超声组)行超声引导下PYM瘤体内注射治疗,24例(栓塞组)行DSA引导下PYM肝动脉栓塞治疗,对比两种治疗方法的治疗时间、费用、术后疗效及并发症情况。结果 对50例患者均顺利完成治疗。超声组治疗时间[(10.54±3.33)min]及治疗费用[(2250.00±244.15)元]均明显低于栓塞组[(55.56±15.56)min及(12 555.56±2069.03)元],差异均有统计学意义(P=0.033、0.012)。超声组术后发热[15.38%(4/26)]及肝功能异常发生率[19.23%(5/26)]均低于栓塞组[70.83%(17/24),50.00%(12/24)],差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);两组间术后肝区疼痛发生率[61.54%(16/26) vs 54.17%(13/24)]差异无统计学意义(P=0.775)。共59个肝血管瘤中,超声组31个,栓塞组28个。术后12个月,超声组及栓塞组治疗总有效率均为100%(31/31,28/28)。超声组瘤体平均缩小率[(93.10±6.85)%]明显高于栓塞组[(68.81±4.23)%],差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。结论 两种治疗方法效果均可靠,但超声引导下PYM瘤体内注射治疗肝血管瘤在治疗时间、费用、术后并发症及瘤体缩小率方面更具优势。     

An unusual case of acute cardiac tamponade caused by a cardiac hemangioma

Cardiac hemangiomas are exceedingly rare and can lead to cardiac tamponade. Cardiac tamponade is a true medical emergency that can cause cardiovascular collapse and death if not managed appropriately. There are many causes of cardiac tamponade such as trauma, autoimmune causes, and malignancy. Cardiac tumors are difficult to diagnose and may be present on advanced imaging including cardiac MRI. For patients with cardiac tumors causing tamponade, emergent pericardiocentesis and cardiovascular surgery consultation are necessary in management. We present a unique case of cardiac tamponade caused by a cardiac hemangioma.     

介入栓塞治疗肝血管瘤

目的 探讨介入栓塞治疗肝血管瘤的疗效。方法 收集18例经CDFI、MSCT、MRI及DSA确诊的肝血管瘤患者,采用Seldinger技术穿刺右股动脉,超选择至肿瘤供血动脉,以超液态碘油或平阳霉素超液态碘油乳剂,或联合明胶海绵颗粒和（或）明胶海绵条栓塞肿瘤血管。术后随访评价栓塞治疗疗效。结果 栓塞治疗术后患者临床症状均消失;血管瘤随时间延长而逐渐缩小,栓塞前血管瘤最大径为（10.20±3.24）cm,栓塞后血管瘤保持稳定时最大径为（4.44±2.16）cm,治疗前后差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;介入栓塞治疗有效率为100%,无严重并发症发生。结论 介入栓塞治疗肝血管瘤创伤小、疗效可靠、并发症少,可作为肝血管瘤首选治疗方法。     

Spontaneous internal hemorrhage of a giant hepatic hemangioma with infection: a case report and literature review

Spontaneous internal hemorrhage from a hepatic hemangioma is rare. This case describes a 59-year-old woman who was hospitalized with recurrent cough and fever for 6 months. The doctor thought that she had pneumonia, but other infectious diseases could not be ruled out. Therefore, related tests were performed and strong antibiotics were used, but the symptom of fever was persistent and recurred. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) findings showed a right hepatic giant hemangioma with hemorrhage, while tuberculosis, liver abscess, and immune disease were excluded by the physician. Because the patient’s fever was associated with a large hepatic hemangioma, the patient was transferred to surgery. During treatment, the amount of bleeding increased, so she underwent a right hepatic hemangioma resection in the emergency department. Her postoperative fever symptoms subsequently resolved. Pathological examination confirmed hemorrhagic necrosis with infection in hepatic hemangioma. Follow-up showed that the patient was afebrile.     

介入栓塞联合手术切除治疗儿童巨大头面部动静脉血管瘤的初步尝试

目的:尝试应用介入栓塞和手术切除联合方案治疗儿童巨大头面部动静脉血管瘤。方法:选择复旦大学附属儿科医院1例经介入联合手术治疗的巨大头面部动静脉血管瘤患儿,总结其相关诊疗经过及影像资料,分析其诊治方案的可行性。结果:成功切除患儿病灶,术中出血可控,术后伤口愈合良好,皮瓣活力正常,患儿容貌满意。结论:介入栓塞联合手术切除可能是儿童头面部动静脉血管瘤安全有效的治疗方式,合理的制定栓塞和手术方案是治疗成功的关键。     

Easily misdiagnosed intramuscular hemangioma: a case report

An intramuscular hemangioma is a benign vascular tumor that often occurs in the lower extremities. We herein report a rare case of an intramuscular hemangioma that occurred in the gluteus medius muscle and was misdiagnosed as lumbar disc herniation. A 36-year-old woman presented with incidental and infrequent pain of the left buttock. She was diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation and underwent treatment. Although her pain was slightly relieved, relapse soon occurred. X-ray examination and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass in the gluteus medius muscle. The mass was suspected to be a malignant tumor and was therefore resected. The final diagnosis was an intramuscular hemangioma. Her pain completely disappeared thereafter and did not recur. Patients with intramuscular hemangiomas usually have no specific symptoms; therefore, this tumor is often misdiagnosed. When a satisfactory treatment effect is not obtained, the diagnosis should be reassessed in a timely manner.     

血管造影CT在肝海绵状血管瘤介入治疗中的应用

目的:利用CT造影及VR重建技术探讨肝海绵状血管瘤血供方式,借以指导临床选择适当的介入方法,并预测单纯肝动脉栓塞术(HAE)的远期疗效。材料与方法:肝脏海绵状血管瘤患者11例,共26个病灶。每位患者均行CTA、CTAP及常规DSA造影。以肝固有动脉DSA为金标准,对CT三维重建图像进行评估,并评定肿瘤血管。结果:本研究26个病灶均见肝动脉分支进入肿瘤内;所有病灶均无门静脉分支进入瘤体的直接证据。VR重建与DSA图像有很好的符合率。结论:血管造影CT基础上的VR三维重建对HAE选择靶血管具有重要的指导意义。利用VR重建图像,结合肝固有动脉及间接门静脉DSA图像可以推测单纯HAE的远期疗效。     

心脏血管瘤临床病理特征分析

目的 探讨原发心脏血管瘤的临床特征及病理形态特征。方法 回顾性收集2015年至2021年原发心脏血管瘤存档切片，整理相关病史资料、治疗经过，复习组织病理形态，并进行随访。结果 共获得23例原发心脏血管瘤病例资料。男性11例，女性12例。年龄17～71岁。单发病灶22例，多发病灶1例。来源于心腔内10例，心脏表面13例。肿瘤最大径为1.0～11.3 cm。组织形态上，海绵状成分为主的血管瘤18例，毛细血管瘤成分为主的4例，另有一些少见细胞形态和生长模式。病灶均完整手术切除，随访时间8～88个月，患者均存活、无复发。结论 心脏血管瘤以单发为主，起病隐匿，常伴有心包积液，预后较好。组织学以海绵状形态为主，可出现少见细胞形态，有潜在误诊的风险。     

Symptomatic thoracic vertebral hemangioma: a case report and literature review

Vertebral hemangiomas are relatively common, but those causing spinal cord compression are rare. A man in his early sixties with back pain that had not resolved with conservative treatment was seen in an outpatient physiatrist office. Subsequent workup with computed tomography scan showed a large hemangioma in the T5 vertebra extending to the posterior elements where his pain was located. Three weeks later, the patient had progressive weakness and numbness in his lower extremity. He subsequently underwent a T3-5 laminectomy, with a subtotal resection of the mass. He reported improvement in lower-extremity strength and sensation and completed a course of inpatient rehabilitation. Recognizing when to expect neurologic symptoms and the proper time to intervene can be very critical. From this case study and other similar instances, one can conclude that vertebral hemangiomas are not always benign and are capable of causing cord compression. Proper diagnosis and treatment may prevent the development of neurologic symptoms.     

Polidocanol sclerotherapy for multiple gastrointestinal hemangiomas: A case report

BACKGROUNDGastrointestinal (GI) hemangioma has a low incidence among systemic hemangiomas, and some GI hemangiomas occur in the intestine, stomach, and esophagus. Polidocanol has been increasingly used in sclerotherapy. However, this paper reports that minimally invasive treatment of multiple hemangiomas with large diameters can achieve satisfactory results by multipoint injection.CASE SUMMARYA 46-year-old female patient was hospitalized in another hospital for cough. We accidentally found thickening of the lower esophagus by chest computed tomography. The patient was eventually diagnosed with multiple GI hemangiomas and underwent a series of examinations including esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), endoscopic ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. We calculated the dose of polidocanol according to the volumes of the hemangiomas, fixed the target vein with the help of a transparent cap, and then administered polidocanol via multipoint injection into the hemangiomas under endoscopic guidance. EGD and endoscopic ultrasound showed that the hemangiomas disappeared. The color of the esophageal mucosa returned to normal 1 mo after sclerotherapy.CONCLUSIONSclerotherapy may be a safe and effective method for treating multiple hemangiomas of the alimentary canal.     

Unusual presentation of intramuscular hemangioma in abdominal oblique muscles

Intramuscular hemangiomas are rare benign tumors that are difficult to diagnose. We report a successful case of intramuscular hemangioma excision involving the external oblique muscles. The mass was excised successfully, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of intramuscular hemangioma with a negative margin and no malignancy.     

介入栓塞术在耳廓巨大血管瘤手术中的临床价值

目的探讨数字减影成像显影下介入栓塞术在耳廓巨大血管瘤手术中的临床疗效及应用价值。方法回顾分析近3年来5例耳廓巨大血管瘤患者,术前行DSA血管造影判断责任血管并行介入栓塞治疗,观察栓塞后肿瘤形态、术中出血、伤口愈合及并发症情况。结果5例耳廓巨大血管瘤患者术前对责任血管栓塞后瘤体明显缩小、颜色变暗,48 h内行手术治疗,术中出血平均约100 ml,伤口一期愈合,无术后出血及偏瘫等并发症。结论耳廓巨大血管瘤术前辅助介入栓塞治疗后可明显减少术中出血、缩短手术时间,提高手术成功率。      

Surgical resection of a large hypopharyngeal hemangioma in an adult using neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser: A case report

BACKGROUND Generally,hemangiomas do not require surgical intervention;however,cases of large hemangiomas,potentially involving the throat and trachea,necessitate surgical therapy.Here,we present a case of hypopharyngeal hemangioma in an adult that was successfully treated with neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd-YAG)laser.CASE SUMMARY Laryngoscopic examination of a 61-year-old man demonstrated the presence of a large,submucosal vascular lesion that extended into the epiglottis,left arytenoid cartilage,lateral to the aryepiglottic fold,and pyriform sinus.The lesion was resected and photocoagulated with limited hemorrhage using Nd:YAG laser.The hypopharyngeal hemangioma was completely excised.The patient showed no recurrence of hypopharyngeal hemangioma during the 1.5-year follow-up period.CONCLUSION Laser therapy is one of the effective tools for treating hemangiomas with rapid,uncontrolled growth or in functional areas,with few side effects and complications.The present case of a male patient with a large hypopharyngeal hemangioma,treated with YAG laser,demonstrates the efficacy of laser photocoagulation in treating cases of hemangiomas,without the risk of bleeding or airway obstruction.The favorable postoperative outcomes demonstrated by our patient with Nd:YAG laser therapy indicate its consideration in the therapy of similar cases.     

A case of spontaneous hepatic hemangioma rupture: Successful management with transarterial chemoembolization alone

Hemangioma is the most common benign hepatic tumor. Although spontaneous rupture is rare, the mortality rate ranges from 60 to 75%. Only 34 cases have been reported in the literature, with only one report using transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) alone as treatment. We report a case of spontaneous rupture with “flowering sign” of a giant hepatic hemangioma, presenting with acute abdominal pain and shock, while the volume of the hemangioma and blood loss were similar. The patient was successfully managed by transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) alone, which has an operative mortality rate of up to 36.4%.     

Hemangioma with phleboliths in the sublingual gland: as a cause of submental opacity

Hemangiomas are the most common lesions of the major salivary glands during infancy and early childhood. Changes in blood flow dynamic within hemangioma results in thrombus and phleboliths. There have been a number of reports of hemangiomas with phleboliths in parotid and submandibular glands. We present the first case of a hemangioma with multiple phleboliths in the subligual gland as a cause of submental opacity, and discussed the diagnosis of radiopaque masses in the sublingual and submental regions.     

Cavernous hemangioma with arterioportal and portosystemic shunts: precise diagnosis with dynamic multidetector computed tomography imaging

Cavernous hemangiomas with shunt formations have been a recently recognized entity. Arterioportal (AP) shunts with cavernous hemangiomas have been described. However, a combination of AP and portosystemic (PS) shunts causing portal hypertension has not been previously demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) imaging. In this study, we report an atypical cavernous hemangioma associated with portal hypertension. Cavernous hemangioma with AP and PS shunts formations was precisely demonstrated with dynamic multidetector CT imaging.     

Cardiac rehabilitation after heart transplantation in a patient with Becker's muscular dystrophy: a case report

Becker's muscular dystrophy (BMD) is associated with abnormal cardiac findings in 75% of cases; up to one third will develop ventricular dilatation leading to congestive heart failure, at times necessitating cardiac transplant. Candidates are selected from a base of heart failure patients who are usually New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV. Treatment in a phase II cardiac rehabilitation program after transplantation is associated with functional improvement in patients without BMD, but there are no reports of patients with this disorder. We present the case of a 38-year-old man diagnosed with BMD with associated dilated cardiomyopathy. The patient was a NYHA class IIIa and underwent orthotopic cardiac transplantation for intractable heart failure followed by treatment in a phase II cardiac rehabilitation program. At the end of cardiac rehabilitation, his 12-minute walking distance had improved from 716.28 to 929.64 m (30% improvement), he had increased his conditioning metabolic equivalent level from 3.5 to 5.5 (55% improvement), he had a weight loss from 81.65 to 78.93 kg, and his body mass index changed from 23 to 22 kg/m2. The patient now has returned to work, is using a stationary bicycle once a day for 30 minutes, and is walking 1 hour a day. This suggests that treatment in a cardiac rehabilitation program is effective in patients with BMD after cardiac transplant.