18F-FDG PET/CT显像在进展期前列腺癌诊断和分期中的应用

目的探讨^18F-FDG PET/CT显像在进展期前列腺癌诊断和分期中的临床价值.方法20例临床进展期前列腺癌患者行^18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像,同时行B超和骨扫描检查.结果①9例未经治疗者中^18F-FDG PET/CT确诊8例;全雄激素阻断治疗（MAB）后前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）值较稳定者及逐渐升高者共5例,PET/CT均准确显示;6例MAB反应良好者,^18F-FDG PET/CT示其病灶均无放射性浓聚（即阴性）.②6例盆腔淋巴结转移和6例骨转移者中^18F-FDG PET/CT分别发现5例和4例,假阴性者均为MAB后反应良好患者.结论^18F-FDG PET/CT显像是评估进展期前列腺癌激素治疗效果的无创性检查方法,有利于未治疗、激素治疗有部分反应及激素难治性进展期前列腺癌的诊断和临床分期.     

18F-FDG PET/CT诊断肺部病变的误诊分析

目的 通过探讨18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射断层扫描/电子计算机体层成像(PET/CT)误诊肺部占位性病变的原因.方法 分析新疆自治区人民医院6年中924例肺部占位性病变患者行18F-FDG PET/CT检查诊断为肿瘤或者良性病变,其中有28例患者通过组织学或者病理学等检查后发现均为误诊病例.结果 在28例患者中有6例为18F-FDG PET/CT误诊为阴性,通过活检病理确诊为恶性肿瘤;22例18F-FDG PET/CT误诊为阳性,通过活检病理或者细菌学检查确诊为良性病变,并在随访后得到证实.结论 随18F-FDG PET/CT检查的流行,在临床上对于该检查的假阳性率及假阴性率也逐渐被认识,如果联合血肿瘤标记物的检查及对病例病史特点的详细分析可减少误诊率.     

18氟-脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射计算机断层摄影诊断胃恶性肿瘤

目的 探讨18氟-脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射计算机断层摄影(18F-FDG PET/CT)判断胃恶性肿瘤的临床应用价值.方法 2007年5至7月对24例临床疑诊胃恶性肿瘤患者进行18F-FDGPET/CT显像检查,根据初次胃镜及病理活检结果将患者分为确诊组(胃镜和病理检查均提示恶性,9例)和未确诊组(胃镜下疑似恶性但病理检查提示良性,15例).确诊组行PET/CT以助术前评估,之后行手术治疗.未确诊组行PET/CT以判断病灶良恶性,之后再行胃镜和活检病理复查,符合手术指征者行手术治疗,无手术指征者临床随访.最终诊断以手术病理或临床随访结果为准.分析18F-FDG PET/CT对胃恶性肿瘤的诊断灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及对腺癌患者l临床分期的作用.结果 18F-FDG PET/CT检出胃恶性肿瘤患者16例(确诊组9例、未确诊组7例),胃部原发灶16处,腔外增殖性病灶1处侵犯肝脏、胰腺及腹膜,肝转移1处,肺转移1处,空回肠病变3处,累及淋巴结13处,均获术后病理确诊.另有1例未确诊组患者PET/CT疑似恶性病变,术后病理确诊为良性间质瘤;1例未确诊组腺癌患者PET/CT漏诊.PET/CT诊断胃恶性肿瘤的灵敏度为16/17,特异度为6/7,阳性预测值16/17,阴性预测值6/7.对Ⅲ、Ⅳ期胃癌患者的分期正确率为6/6.结论 18F-FDG PET/CT为简单易行、安全、无创及有前景的检查方法,对胃恶性肿瘤的检出及良恶性肿瘤的鉴别有较高的临床应用价值,可作为胃镜检查的补充手段和制定手术方案的辅助工具.     

18F-FDG PET/CT扫描对肺结节病诊断价值的探讨

目的评价18F-FDG PET/CT在肺结节病诊断中的价值。方法 5例经外科手术病理活检确诊的肺结节病患者,分析其18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET/CT图像特征,结合病灶累及部位、分布特点、大小等进行分析总结。结果 5例患者临床症状多不典型;胸部CT示肺门或纵膈淋巴结肿大;PET/CT示均存在双侧肺门淋巴结肿大,1例患者腹腔内可见多枚肿大淋巴结;手术病理均考虑结节病。结论 18F-FDG PET/CT可灵敏、准确地反映结节病的全身病灶分布范围和病灶良恶性,提高非典型、复杂型结节病诊断的准确率。     

18F-FDG PET显像在判断胰腺占位性质和术后随访的价值

目的评价18F-FDG PET显像在判断胰腺占位性质和肿瘤术后随访中的作用.方法检查33例胰腺疾病患者,以18F-FDG显像.结果 23例胰腺占位性病变PET检查发现14例胰腺高代谢区(SUV 3.1～6.8),其中3例伴多发性肝转移,1例肝转移伴腹膜后淋巴结转移;2例CT诊断为胰腺癌合并肝转移经检查显示胰腺高代谢区,但肝脏无阳性表现; 1例左肺中部稍高代谢区(SUV 1.31),诊断为良性结节,经随访证实.3例因发现其他部位转移寻找原发灶,PET见胰腺放射性浓聚影.5例胰腺癌术后PET发现1例肝脏、腹腔淋巴结转移.结论 18F-FDG PET显像对胰腺占位定性、鉴别诊断和术后随访具有重要的价值.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像在老年多发性骨髓瘤骨病变和累及范围评估中的价值

目的探讨18氟脱氟葡萄糖(18F-FDG)PET/CT显像在老年多发性骨髓瘤骨病变及累及范围的应用价值。方法回顾性分析18例经骨髓穿刺或病理活检证实并行18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像的老年多发性骨髓瘤患者的临床资料。结果所有患者18F-FDG PET/CT检查中,阴性1例,检出多发性阳性病灶17例,阳性率94.44%,标准化摄取值(SUV)为(2.76±0.84),共检出286处病灶,其中表现为18F-FDG摄取增高的PET有219处(76.57%),同机CT检出252处(88.11%)穿凿样溶骨性改变、虫蛀状、颗粒状病灶。CT和PET同时检出192处(67.13%)病灶,PET检出而同机CT未检出33处(11.54%);同机CT检出而PET未检出73处(25.52%)。结论 18F-FDG PET/CT在诊断多发性骨髓瘤和评估病变累及范围有较高价值,对多发性骨髓瘤患者的临床分型、治疗和评估疗效有一定帮助。     

18↑F-FDG PET/CT显像在软组织肿瘤诊断中的应用

目的探讨18氟脱氧葡萄糖（18↑F-FDG）PET/CT显像在软组织肿瘤诊断中的临床应用价值。方法软组织肿瘤患者65例,静脉注射18↑F-FDG后PET/CT显像。经衰减校正后行目测法和半定量分析法测定病灶的最大标准摄取值（SUVm ax）进行图像分析,并与病理检查结果对照。结果根据病理结果目测法发现局部软组织病灶47例,其中良性5例、恶性42例,淋巴结转移6例、骨转移10例、软组织转移7例、肺转移10例。目测法发现局部病灶的准确性、灵敏性均为100%,诊断转移病灶的准确性、灵敏性、特异性分别为96.9%、100%、95.1%。36.9%的病例根据PET/CT结果改变肿瘤分期。半定量分析对鉴别软组织恶性肿瘤的准确性、灵敏性、特异性分别为85.1%、92.9%和20%。结论在软组织肿瘤诊断中18↑F-FDG PET/CT显像是一种无创性、高灵敏性的检查,特别是对确定软组织肉瘤的分期。     

PET与增强CT同机融合检查在胰腺恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断及临床分期中的价值

目的 探讨18 F-FDG PET与增强CT(contrast enhance CT,CECT)同机融合(PET/CECT)检查对胰腺恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断及分期的应用价值.方法 对52例未行过增强CT检查、临床及影像检查发现可疑胰腺病变的患者行常规PET/CT检查,同时在PET延迟扫描后立即行同机增强CT检查(PET/CECT),将两者图像融合并对胰腺病变进行诊断及鉴别诊断.以病理及临床随访结果作为诊断标准,比较PET/CECT、常规PET/CT对胰腺恶性肿瘤诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确性.分别测定病灶早期及延迟的最大标准摄取值(SUVmax),计算18F-FDG的滞留指数(RI).以接受手术的24例患者术中所见及病理诊断为依据,比较PET/CECT与常规PET/CT对胰腺癌TNM分期的准确性.结果 52例胰腺病变患者中,PET/CECT对胰腺良、恶性病变鉴别诊断的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为100％、88.2％、96.2％,常规PET/CT分别为94.3％、70.6％、86.5％.恶性组(35例)的早期SUVmax、延迟SUVmax、RI分别为8.4±3.4、10.1±4.3、(24.1±22.6)％,良性组(17例)分别为4.5±3.9、5.0±4.3、(10.9±14.9)％,胰腺良、恶性组间RI差异无统计学意义(P=0.064).24例手术患者中17例为恶性,PET/CECT和PET/CT诊断胰腺恶性肿瘤T分期准确性为82.3％和64.7％,差异有统计学意义(P=0.032);诊断胰腺恶性肿瘤N分期准确性为91.7％和83.3％,差异无统计学意义(P =0.980).结论 18F-FDG PET/CECT诊断胰腺良、恶性病变的敏感性、特异性及准确性优于常规PET/CT,判断胰腺恶性肿瘤侵犯周围血管及脏器的准确性高于常规PET/CT,可以作为一站式检查对胰腺病变行良、恶性鉴别诊断及术前评估.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像判断乳腺癌复发及转移的价值

目的探讨^18F-FDG PET/CT显像判断乳腺癌复发和转移的临床价值.方法28例手术治疗后临床疑有肿瘤复发或转移的乳腺癌患者均进行^18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像,应用目测法和半定量分析法判断结果（标准摄取值,SUV）.结果病理、活检、细胞学检查等证实17例有局部复发和（或）转移,^18F-FDG PET/CT显像正确诊断16例,检测灵敏度、特异性（94.12%,90.91%）明显高于传统影像学方法;在62个肿瘤复发和（或）转移灶中,PET/CT及常规影像学检查检出率分别为91.94%（57/62）、72.58%（45/62）,P＜0.05.结论^18F-FDG PET/CT显像是早期诊断乳腺癌复发和（或）转移良好的、无创性方法.     

肺部炎性肿块18氟-氟代脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描显像特点分析

目的 探讨肺部炎性肿块在18氟-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射断层扫描(PET/CT)中的表现.方法 22例通过病理或者在有效治疗随访后得到证实的肺部炎性肿块患者,分析其18 F-FDG PET/CT的病灶形态与最大标准摄取值(SUVmax).结果 22例肺部炎性肿块患者中球形肺炎6例,SUVmax为(3.54±1.34);慢性肺炎5例,SUVmax为(3.30±2.06);局限性机化性肺炎6例,SUVmax为(1.55±1.47);炎性假瘤5例,SUVmax为(2.90±2.34).结论 肺部炎性肿块也可以出现对18F-FDG的高摄取,但其PET/CT具有炎性病变的影像学特征,在临床诊断及鉴别诊断中具有重要的应用价值.     

氟脱氧葡萄糖F18正电子发射体层摄影术在肺癌诊断及分期中的价值

目的　探讨氟脱氧葡萄糖F18正电子发射体层摄影术(18FFDGPET)在肺癌诊断及分期中的价值。方法　94例疑诊为肺部肿瘤的患者进行了CT、18FFDGPET全身或局部检查,并对这些患者手术切除及活检的组织标本及痰液、胸腔积液的细胞标本进行了病理学检查。18FFDGPET图像分析采取单纯标准摄取值(SUV)法及目测与SUV值结合两种方法进行。SUV值法判定标准为:SUV值>25为恶性病灶,SUV值≤25为良性病灶;目测与SUV值结合法:根据病灶18FFDG摄取量与纵隔血池结构相比,并考虑SUV值、病变大小、形态及病史资料做出诊断。以病理及试验性治疗结果为确诊标准,分别计算18FFDGPET及CT在病变的定性、纵隔淋巴结转移、全身远端转移方面的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值,同时对18FFDGPETSUV值法与目测结合SUV值法的诊断效能进行比较。结果　(1)确诊情况:本组58例患者肺部病灶经组织病理学或细胞病理学检查证实为恶性;36例经病理检查或试验治疗证实为良性。(2)定性诊断:CT对肺部肿块定性诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性及阴性预测值分别为:69%、65%、68%、82%、49%;18FFDGPET单纯SUV法分别为91%、89%、90%、93%和87%,目测+SUV值法分别为95%、94%、95%、97%和92%。(3)纵隔淋巴结转移:34例病理证实有纵隔淋巴结转移     

The Applications of Corrected Standardized Uptake Values in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Lung Lesions

Fluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) imaging has been widely used to diagnose many types of tumors. However, many factors can affect the accuracy of standardized uptake values (SUVs). In this study, we aimed to explore the applications of corrected SUVs in the diagnosis of peripheral solitary pulmonary lesions.A retrospective study was undertaken in 69 patients with peripheral solitary pulmonary lesions. Whole-body PET/CT was acquired approximately 60 min after ¹⁸F-FDG injection. The lesions were found to be malignant in 57 cases and benign in 12 cases. Of the 69 cases, 68 were correctly diagnosed, and only 1 was misdiagnosed by the corrected SUVs. The diagnostic accuracy rate was 98.5%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the corrected SUV were 100%, 91.7%, 98.3%, and 100%, respectively.¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT with corrected SUVs is of great value for improving diagnostic accuracy in peripheral lung lesions.     

18F-FDGPET/CT和CA125在胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的临床意义

目的探讨18F-FDG PET/CT显像和血、胸水CA125检测对胸腔积液鉴别诊断的临床意义。方法 40例胸腔积液患者行18F-FDG PET/CT显像以及血、胸水CA125检测,结合最终病理诊断分组,评价其临床意义。结果血、胸水CA125检测结果在良恶性胸腔积液中不具有显著的统计学差异(P>0.05)。18F-FDG PET/CT显像对胸腔积液鉴别诊断的敏感性为92.3%,特异性为85.7%,ROC曲线下面积为0.890。血CA125检测敏感性为84.6%,特异性为28.6%,ROC曲线下面积为0.566。胸水CA125检测敏感性为100%,特异性为14.3%,ROC曲线下面积为0.571。三项联合检测ROC曲线下面积为0.890。结论18F-FDG PET/CT显像对于胸腔积液的鉴别诊断有较好的临床价值,血、胸水CA125检测不能单独用于胸腔积液鉴别诊断,且与前者联合并不能提高检测敏感性和特异性。     

18F-FDGPET／CT显像在骨转移癌诊断中的应用

目的探讨18F—FDGPET／CT显像在骨转移癌患;子诊断巾的应用价值。方法回顾性分析69例骨转移患者,均以骨科症状为首发症状;骨破坏部位最终经病理均证实为转移癌;既往无恶性肿瘤病史。就诊后为寻找原发病灶进行传统检查和18F—FDGPETCrr显像检查。结果传统检查发现57例（82．6％）患者的原发肿瘤,PET／CT检查发现原发肿瘤60例（87％）,P=0．477。PET／CT后发现单发转移患者16例,多发转移53例。原发肿瘤平均最大标准摄取值（SUVmax）值6．04（1～18．1）,转移灶巾平均SUVmax值9．02（1．7～30．8）,P=0．000。结论PET／CT在发现骨及软组织转移病灶及评估疗效中可以发挥重要作用。     

Highly metabolic thrombus of the portal vein： ^18F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computer tomography demonstration and clinical significance in hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM： To assess the ability of ^18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computer tomography （^18F-FDG PET/CT） to differentiate between benign and malignant portal vein thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） patients.
METHODS： Five consecutive patients who had HBV cirrhosis, biopsy-proven HCC, and thrombosis of the main portal vein and/or left/right portal vein on ultrasound （US）, computer tomography （CT） or magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） were studied with ^18F-FDG PET/CT. The presence or absence of a highly metabolic thrombus on ^18F-FDG PET/CT was considered diagnostic for malignant or benign portal vein thrombosis, respectively. All patients were followed-up monthly with US, CT or MRI. Shrinkage of the thrombus or recanalization of the vessels on US, CT or MRI during follow-up was considered to be definitive evidence of the benign nature of the thrombosis, whereas enlargement of the thrombus, disruption of the vessel wall, and parenchymal infiltration over follow-up were considered to be consistent with malignancy. ^18SF-FDG PET/CT, and US, CT or MRI results were compared.
RESULTS： Follow-up （1 to 10 mo） showed signs of malignant thrombosis in 4 of the 5 patients. US, CT or MRI produced a true-positive result for malignancy in 4 of the patients, and a false-positive result in 1. ^18F-FDG PET/CT showed a highly metabolic thrombus in 4 of the 5 patients. ^18F-FDG PET/CT achieved a true-positive result in all 4 of these patients, and a true-negative result in the other patient. No false-positive result was observed using ^18F-FDG PET/CT.
CONCLUSION： ^18F-FDG PET/CT may be helpful in discriminating between benign and malignant portal vein thrombi. Patients may benefit from ^18F-FDG PET/CT when portal vein thrombi can not be diagnosed exactly by US, CT or MRI.     

Clinical implication of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in carcinoma of unknown primary

The value of (18)F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in the detection of carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) differs among the studies. This study aimed to evaluate the role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in CUP. Fifty-one patients (19 women, 32 men) with metastasis confirmed by histopathology from an unknown primary tumor were included in this study. Patients received 370 MBq of (18)F-FDG intravenously, and PET/CT was performed at 60 minutes after injection. Primary tumor sites were detected in 5 of 51 patients (9.6%): in 2 patients with carcinoma of the lung, in 1 patient with carcinoma of the gallbladder, in 1 patient with carcinoma of the esophagus, and in 1 patient with carcinoma of the stomach. No primary tumor was discovered in the remaining 46 patients (90.4%) during the follow-up. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET/CT were 100%, 80.4%, and 82.4%. The positive and negative predictive values were 35.7 and 100%, respectively. Based on the data presented, (18)F-FDG PET/CT has a clinical implicative value in detecting the primary tumor of CUP. PET/CT can be useful to rule out the possibility of detecting the primary tumor during the follow-up.     

Multiple values of <Superscript>18</Superscript>F-FDG PET/CT in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy

This study aimed to investigate the multiple values of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in detecting malignant tumors, evaluating myopathy, and determining interstitial lung disease in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM). We retrospectively analyzed the data of 38 patients who were examined by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and eventually diagnosed as IIM. We also collected the data of another 22 cases with negative PET/CT as the control. Pulmonary HRCT images were acquired simultaneously with regular ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging for each patient. Image analysis included the presence of malignant lesions, muscular FDG uptake, and interstitial lung disease and its imaging features. IIM was classified into polymyositis (PM), classic dermatomyositis (CDM), and clinical amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM). All suspected malignant lesions were confirmed by histopathological examination. Interstitial lung disease was diagnosed by HRCT. Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD) was determined according to clinical follow-ups. The significance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of malignancy, observation of activity of myopathy, and determination of interstitial lung disease in IIM patients was explored based on the final clinical diagnosis. In the 38 patients with IIM, 3 cases were classified as PM, 18 as CDM, and 17 as CADM. PET/CT correctly detected 7 cases (18.4%) of malignant tumors, and all of which were found in CDM and PM patients. The muscular FDG uptake in IIM patients was higher than the control population, and it was higher in patients with myopathy (including PM and CDM) than in patients with CADM. The muscular FDG uptake in IIM patients was correlated with elevated serum creatine kinase level (r = 0.332, P = 0.042) and impaired muscle strength (r = ?0.605, P < 0.001). Interstitial lung disease was detected by HRCT in 30 patients (78.9%), and 7 of them were eventually confirmed as RP-ILD, according to the clinical outcome. The FDG uptake in lung lesions of RP-ILD patients was higher than those with chronic interstitial lung diseases, even though no significant difference was found between the CT features of RP-ILD and chronic interstitial lung disease. When SUV_max ≥ 2.4 was employed as the threshold for RP-ILD prediction, the diagnostic efficiency was yield with a sensitivity of 100.0% (7/7), specificity of 87.0% (20/23), and accuracy of 90.0% (27/30), respectively. For IIM patients, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT has multiple values in identifying malignancies, observing the status of inflammatory myopathy, detecting interstitial lung disease, and predicting the occurrence of RP-ILD. Therefore, it is recommended to use PET/CT in the clinical course of diagnosis and management of IIM.