鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎

目的探讨非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床特征,鼻内镜手术方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析102例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者临床资料。结果所有患者均行鼻内镜手术治疗,随访6个月至4年,治愈77例,好转20例,复发5例。结论鼻腔鼻窦解剖异常是非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的主要致病因素。鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效手段,术后复发与手术的彻底性、术后鼻腔鼻窦处理有关。     

鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎86例的疗效观察

目的观察鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法 2015年6月至2016年8月在我科治疗的非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者86例,行鼻内镜下鼻窦开放术,术后联合药物治疗及鼻腔冲洗,随访6个月到2年,分析临床疗效。结果 86例非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者中,84例术后一次性治愈,随访6个月~2年无复发。2例复发患者,经再次手术后治愈。结论鼻内镜下鼻窦开放术结合药物治疗与鼻腔冲洗,是治疗非侵袭型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效方法。     

鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎59例分析

目的：探讨非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的致病原因、临床特征、鼻内镜手术方法及临床疗效。方法：对2003—01—2006—12的59例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：全部病例随访2～5年,无一例并发症,57例一次性治愈,复发2例,经再次手术后治愈。结论：鼻内镜手术清除病灶是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的最有效方法,手术中应尽量扩大鼻窦的自然开口,手术后定期冲洗窦腔及定期复查可防止疾病的复发。     

非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎手术治疗方式的比较

目的探讨鼻内镜手术代替传统柯-陆手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的疗效。方法回顾分析四川省人民医院31例经鼻内镜手术及病理报告确诊为非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎患者的临床资料。结果31例症状体症均消失。结论采用鼻内境手术治疗非侵袭真菌性鼻窦炎，较之传统柯-陆手术创伤小、照明好、清除病灶准确；不损害鼻腔正常的生理功能；保证鼻窦通气引流，减少复发，治愈率高。     

72例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎鼻内镜手术

目的:评价鼻内镜手术在治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效。方法:采用Storz鼻内镜对72例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎病例行鼻内镜手术,彻底清除鼻腔、鼻窦病变组织,充分开放鼻窦,扩大上颌窦自然口,使其直径达1.0cm以上,术后应用大扶康冲洗术腔3次。结果:随访6个月~6年,全部病例均治愈,无复发。术前症状如鼻塞、流脓涕、血涕、鼻腔异味及头痛症状消失,经鼻内镜检查:全部病例中鼻道、上颌窦口通畅,鼻腔及窦腔内黏膜正常,腔内无真菌团块及异常分泌物。结论:鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的主要手段,辅以大扶康液冲洗术腔,疗效更好。     

鼻内镜手术治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎45例

目的探讨鼻内镜下治疗慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的疗效。方法在鼻内镜下对45例慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎患者行鼻窦清创术,部分病例加行下鼻道开窗术,彻底清除鼻窦病变组织及鼻病变黏膜和骨质,充分开放鼻窦,术后应用大扶康冲洗术腔,并定期行鼻内镜检查。结果随访6个月至6年,治愈41例,复发4例。复发病例经再次鼻内镜手术后治愈,无手术并发症。结论鼻内镜下鼻窦清创术是治疗侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的重要手段,术后定期复查并辅以大扶康术腔冲洗,疗效良好。     

鼻内镜手术治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎

目的探讨非侵袭性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎（noninvasive fungal rhino-sinusitis,NIFRS）的临床特点和疗效,加深对这一疾病的认识,提高临床诊疗效果。方法回顾性分析47例NIFRS患者的临床表现、鼻内镜检查和CT扫描的病变特征、以及鼻内镜下手术治疗的效果。结果 47例中大部分为真菌球性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎（40/47）,7例为变应性真菌性鼻及鼻窦炎,7例鼻窦内均发现典型的变应性黏蛋白蓄积。CT显示NIFRS影像学有特殊表现。47例患者均治愈,随访1～10年,复发率6.4%（3/47）,3例伴糖尿病,经再次治疗后痊愈。结论 NIFRS临床症状不具特异性,鼻内镜检查和CT扫描对诊断有特殊价值,鼻内镜手术疗效确切,术后鼻内镜复查、鼻腔冲洗及药物治疗可有效预防疾病复发。     

真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎55例临床分析

目的:探讨真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的发病原因、鼻内镜手术方法及临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析55例真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料。结果:全部患者经鼻内镜手术治疗均获临床治愈,无一例出现手术并发症。随访6个月～2年,复发2例。结论:鼻腔、鼻窦局部解剖异常和局部创伤史是真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者患病的主要原因。鼻内镜手术是治疗真菌球型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的有效手段。术后复发与术后是否定期冲洗窦腔有关。     

158例非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的临床分析

目的分析非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎的临床特点、影像学特征、治疗方法及预后。方法收集郑州大学第一附属医院2019年10月至2021年10月收治的158例非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎患者的临床资料, 所有患者均行鼻内镜手术, 经病理明确真菌感染, 术后给予规范化药物治疗及鼻内镜检查随访。结果非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎主要侵犯上颌窦(67.72%)、蝶窦(23.42%), 以头痛(61.39%)、鼻塞(41.77%)为主要临床表现, 鼻窦CT主要表现为软组织影内可见钙化点, 病理可见真菌菌丝, 鼻内镜手术是目前主要的治疗方法。结论非侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎临床症状不典型, 诊断依据影像学检查及病理结果, 鼻内镜手术可以彻底治疗, 预后好, 复发率不高。     

鼻内镜下治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的术式选择与疗效

目的探讨鼻内镜手术与传统术式结合治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的疗效。方法对我科2003年6月～2009年6月有完整随访资料的接受鼻内镜手术治疗的58例非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料进行分析。其中采用单纯鼻内镜手术32例,鼻内镜联合改良柯-陆术式11例,鼻内镜联合下鼻道开窗15例,并对所有患者术后情况进行随访。结果随访1年以上,仅3例手术后复发,其余55例在随访期内均未见复发。结论鼻内镜手术是治疗非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎安全且有效的手段,可基本完整保留鼻腔、鼻窦正常的解剖结构。彻底清除真菌团块、术后定期随访是治疗成功的关键。     

Eotaxin-1在真菌球型鼻-鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉中的表达与嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的相关性

目的观察真菌球型鼻-鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉的组织病理学特点,检测Eotaxin-1在真菌球型鼻-鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉中的表达及与嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的相关性,探讨Eotaxin-1在真菌球型鼻-鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉发病过程中的作用。方法收集真菌球型鼻-鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉20例和鼻中隔偏曲矫正术患者代偿性肥大的下鼻甲黏膜15例,用HE染色法观察组织中的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,免疫组织化学法检测组织中Eotaxin-1的表达,比较两组之间的表达差异,分析组织中嗜酸性粒细胞浸润数目与Eotaxin-1表达的相关性。结果①真菌球型鼻-鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉上皮脱落、鳞状上皮化生现象明显,间质为大量疏松结缔组织,其中可见较多的淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和巨噬细胞浸润及大量的毛细血管增生,有时可见较多的纤维组织增生,黏膜内未见真菌菌丝和孢子;②Eotaxin-1在下鼻甲黏膜上皮细胞中有少量表达,真菌球型鼻-鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉表达Eotaxin-1明显增多（P＜0.05）,主要由上皮细胞和血管内皮细胞分泌,间质中可见嗜酸性粒细胞和巨噬细胞表达Eotaxin-1;③组织中嗜酸性粒细胞浸润数目和Eotaxin-1的表达明显相关（P＜0.05）。结论真菌球型鼻-鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉组织呈慢性炎症改变,其中可见较多的嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,真菌可能通过介导Eotaxin-1的过量表达,引起嗜酸性粒细胞聚集活化增多,是真菌球型鼻窦炎合并鼻息肉发生的重要因素之一,拮抗Eotaxin-1发挥功能可能对其临床防治有意义。     

Fungal sinusitis

The incidence of fungal sinusitis is subjected to significant geographical variation. Basically, invasive and non-invasive fungal sinusitis is distinguished. Invasive fungal sinusitis is observed mainly in immunocompromised hosts. The diagnopsis is based on positive fungus detection combined with characteristic clinical features. The treatment of invasive fungal sinusitis is based on surgical debridement and systemic antifungal therapy. Non-invasive fungal sinusitis is either treated with surgery alone or surgery combined with systemic steroid therapy. The majority of studies showed no benefit of postoperative antimycotic medical treatment in patients with non-invasive fungal sinusitis.     

真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎研究进展

近年来真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎在临床上日益多见,其病原菌、临床表现、诊断以及治疗均与传统的鼻-鼻窦炎有所不同。不同类型的真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎由于致病的病原菌不同,在临床表现、诊断、治疗以及预后方面有各自的特点,如非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的治疗以手术为主,而侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎除手术外,还需在治疗全身原发疾病基础上全身使用抗真菌药物。本文就各类真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗及预后等方面做一综述。     

真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的CT影像特征

目的 探讨真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的CT表现及其诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2013年12月收治的47例经手术病理证实的真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的CT影像资料。结果 单侧病变43例,双侧4例,以上颌窦最多见。病变窦腔CT检查均见软组织密度影充填。密度不均匀37例(78.7%),可见点状、条形或团块状钙化灶,CT 值100～150 HU;密度均匀软组织影10例(22.2%);窦腔骨质增厚39例(83.0%);窦腔缩小20例(42.6%);内含气泡影11例(23.4%)。41例上颌窦受累患者中窦口阻塞并扩大33例(80.5%);上颌窦内侧骨壁破坏吸收15例(36.6%)。结论 真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的CT特征性表现为病变窦腔密度不均匀增高,内有局灶性点状、絮状、砂粒状、小斑片状高密度影,可有窦壁骨质破坏。CT对真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的诊断和治疗有较高的临床价值。     

侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎引发颅脑并发症的临床诊治

目的 探讨侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎(IFRS)引发颅脑并发症的临床表现、诊断、鼻内镜手术治疗及预后的可行性。方法 报道3例侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎引发颅脑并发症的病例，包括额叶脑脓肿、脑膜炎、海绵窦血栓性静脉炎，并总结相关文献报道。结果 本组3例患者均行鼻内镜手术，病理确诊为毛霉菌感染，术后与神经内科协作进行规范的抗真菌药物治疗及定期鼻内镜复查，局部换药、鼻腔深海盐水冲洗等治疗后，均治愈。结论 侵袭性真菌性鼻窦炎引发颅脑并发症临床罕见，易漏诊、误诊，治疗十分棘手，鼻内镜手术彻底清除鼻窦原发灶，结合全身抗真菌治疗是非常有效的治疗策略。     

Effects of functional endoscopic sinus surgery on the treatment of bronchiectasis combined with chronic rhino-sinusitis

Conclusion: Idiopathic bronchiectasis is closely associated with chronic rhino-sinusitis. It can effectively control bronchiectasic symptoms to treat chronic rhino-sinusitis by FESS in the cases with bronchiectasis and chronic rhino-sinusitis. Objective: To explore the effect of functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) on the treatment of bronchiectasis combined with chronic rhino-sinusitis. Methods: In this study, a total of 161 cases with bronchiectasis and chronic rhino-sinusitis were divided into medication group and operation group according to the therapeutic method for chronic rhino-sinusitis selected by them. For the treatment of chronic rhino-sinusitis, the cases in the operation group received FESS, but in the medication group cases took drugs alone. The score of clinical symptoms for bronchiectasis, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁), SNOT-22 score, and Lund-Mackay score were evaluated for all cases before and after treatment, respectively, and then the value changes in the score of clinical symptoms, FEV₁, SNOT-22 score, and Lund-Mackay score between both time points were calculated. The frequency of acute exacerbation for bronchiectasis was also recorded within the 6-month follow-up. Results: In this study, 58.9% of cases with bronchiectasis had chronic rhino-sinusitis. Follow-up lasted 6 months. Compared with pre-therapy, post-therapy score of clinical symptoms, SNOT-22 score, and Lund-Mackay score were all significantly decreased (all p?< 0.05), but post-therapy FEV₁ failed to significantly improve (p?> 0.05) in both groups. During the 6-month follow-up, the frequency of acute exacerbation was significantly less in the operation group than in the medication group (p?p?< 0.01), SNOT-22 score (p?< 0.05), and Lund-Mackay score (p?< 0.05) also were all significantly less in the operation group than in the medication group. However, there was no significant difference in post-therapy FEV₁ between the two groups (p?> 0.05).     

Fungus balls of the paranasal sinuses: a review

In the past 30 years, thanks in part to the advance of both endoscopic technology and imaging possibilities, the classification, diagnosis, and management of rhinosinusitis caused by fungi have been better defined. These are basically divided into invasive and non-invasive forms based on the presence or absence of microscopic evidence of fungal hyphae within the tissues. Among the non-invasive fungal sinus diseases, fungus ball has been increasingly reported and large published series have allowed better characterization of the disease and the treatment strategies. Fungus ball of the paranasal sinuses is defined as the non-invasive accumulation of dense fungal concrements in sinusal cavities, most often the maxillary sinus. To describe this entity, confusing or misleading terms such as mycetoma, aspergilloma or aspergillosis would be best avoided. Clinical presentation is non-specific and the diagnosis is usually suspected on imaging studies. Surgical treatment, usually through an endonasal endoscopic approach, is curative. In this paper, we review the clinical, radiological, and pathological presentation of the fungus ball of the paranasal sinuses as well as the surgical management with emphasis on the transnasal endoscopic approach.     

Non invasive fungal sinusitis: mycetoma and alergical fungal sinusitis

We have made a study about different cases of non-invasive fungal sinusitis (FS) treated at our hospital with surgery (endoscopic sinus approach) and medical treatment. We review two cases: Mycetoma and allergic fungal sinusitis, following the recent classification based on physiopathology, treatment and prognosis. We review the clinical presentation of the different types.