The Incidence of Isolation of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strains from Skin Infections during the Past Three Years (1989–1991)

We did a statistical study of 294 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolated from skin infections during the period from January of 1989 to December of 1991 in the Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University Hospital. We especially examined methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) from the point of view of incidence, variety of skin infections with MRSA, coagulase type, phase type, and resistance against antimicrobial agents. The frequency of isolation of MRSA has been increasing. In 1991, the proportion of MRSA isolates among all S. aureus strains isolated from skin infections was 41.5%. MRSA was isolated most often from infectious decubitus. Coagulase type II and phage group NT (not typable) MRSA were most frequently isolated. The resistance of MRSA to OFLX and IMP/CS had remarkably increased. Notably, the resistance to MINO was low before 1991.     

Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Nostril Anteriors and Subungual Spaces of the Hand: Comparative Study of Medical Staff,Patients, and Normal Controls

An epidemiologic investigation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization was conducted at Kansai Medical University Hospital between 1990 and 1991. The incidence of nasal and subungual positivity for S. aureus was examined in a total of 156 subjects including inpatients, physicians, and nurses at a ward for dermatology, plastic surgery, and emergency patients, outpatients with atopic dermatitis and other skin diseases, and normal controls. Inpatients were most heavily colonized with MRSA (40.8%), but S. aureus colonization was most frequent in outpatients with atopic dermatitis (95.5%). Not only nostrils, which have been much discussed as a reservoir of S. aureus, but also subungual spaces seemed to be havens of S. aureus. Twelve out of 22 atopic dermatitis patients were positive for S. aureus on skin regions, and coagulase and phage testing showed a correlation between the nasal and skin-colonizing S. aureus. Coagulase type II and phase type NT (not typable) were the predominant types of S. aureus, including MRSA.     

2018-2020年皮肤科住院患者金黄色葡萄球菌感染状况及MRSA与MSSA耐药性分析

目的:研究我院住院患者中皮肤软组织感染者(SSTIs)金黄色葡萄球(SA)感染情况及MR-SA与MSSA耐药特点.方法:选取我院2018年1月1日至2020年12月31日入院时存在SSTIs且进行细菌培养及药敏试验的患者,分析SA及MRSA检出率、病种分布,以及MRSA与MSSA耐药性的差异.结果:共分析1455例患者...     

MRSA in dermatology – Prospective epidemiological study in employees and patients of a dermatological department of a university hospital

Background: In recent years, the prevalence of MRSA has increased worldwide. There is a lack of systematic epidemiological studies evaluating the prevalence of MRSA in dermatology in Germany. Objective: What is the prevalence of MRSA in the employees and hospitalized patients in a dermatological department? What dermatological diagnoses have the highest risk for MRSA? Patients and methods: Nasal swabs taken twice (at admission and discharge) from all consenting hospitalized patients and once from all consenting employees were analyzed for MRSA. Results: Analysis von 798 swabs (715 patients, 83 employees). Detection of MRSA in 31 swabs (MRSA rates: all = 4.3 %, patients = 3.7 %, employees = 4.8 %). Patients with a chronic leg ulcer had a significantly increased risk for MRSA (p = 0.03). Increased MRSA rates without statistical significance were found for men, patients with at least one hospitalization during the last 12 weeks and a hospitalization of at least 5 days. None of the patients with psoriasis had MRSA. Conclusions: In comparison to international studies, the prevalence of MRSA in the current study is in the lower third. In dermatology, patients with a chronic leg ulcer have an increased risk for MRSA and should be screened at admission. A general screening for MRSA seems to be not reasonable in view of the low MRSA rates in the investigated department.     

Emergence of two populations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with distinct epidemiological, clinical and biological features, isolated from patients with community-acquired skin infections

BACKGROUND: Community-acquired skin and soft-tissue infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are an emerging clinical and epidemiological problem. OBJECTIVES: To characterize community-acquired skin infections caused by S. aureus, and especially MRSA. METHODS: From November 1999 to December 2003, we conducted in a French hospital a prospective epidemiological, clinical and bacteriological study of skin infections acquired in the community, applying strict criteria for true community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) and health-care-associated MRSA (HCA-MRSA). RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-seven patients had 207 skin infections (154 primary and 53 secondary infections). Twenty-two (11%) patients had skin infections caused by MRSA. The incidence of MRSA skin infections acquired in the community rose from 4% in 2000 to 17% in 2003, but the increase was not statistically significant. Six patients (3%) were infected by CA-MRSA and 15 (8%) by HCA-MRSA; one patient was lost to follow-up and could not be classified. CA-MRSA and HCA-MRSA had different epidemiological, clinical and biological characteristics. CA-MRSA infections were more severe than HCA-MRSA infections: all the CA-MRSA infections (six of six, 100%) required surgical treatment, compared with only two (15%) of 13 with HCA-MRSA infection (P < 0.001). CA-MRSA all belonged to the same clonal strain, harbouring an agr type 3 allele and the Panton-Valentine leucocidin genes (not detected in HCA-MRSA) and possessing a specific antibiotype. CONCLUSIONS: Two populations of MRSA causing skin infections are emerging in the French community, with distinct epidemiological, clinical and biological characteristics.     

Low level laser therapy (AlGaInP) applied at 5J/cm2 reduces the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus MRSA in infected wounds and intact skin of rats

BACKGROUND

Laser therapy is a low cost, non-invasive procedure with good healing results. Doubts exist as to whether laser therapy action on microorganisms can justify research aimed at investigating its possible effects on bacteria-infected wounds.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the effect of low intensity laser on the rate of bacterial contamination in infected wounds in the skin of rats.

METHODS

An experimental study using 56 male Wistar rats. The animals were randomly divided into eight groups of seven each. Those in the "infected" groups were infected by Staphylococcus aureus MRSA in the dorsal region. Red laser diode (AlGaInP) 658nm, 5J/cm² was used to treat the animals in the "treated" groups in scan for 3 consecutive days. Samples were drawn before inoculating bacteria and following laser treatment. For statistical analysis we used the nonparametric Wilcoxon (paired data) method with a significance level of p <0.05.

RESULTS

The statistical analysis of median values showed that the groups submitted to laser treatment had low bacterial proliferation.

CONCLUSION

The laser (AlGaInP), with a dose of 5J/cm² in both intact skin and in wounds of rats infected with Staphylococcus aureus MRSA, is shown to reduce bacterial proliferation.