ⅢC～Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌预后影响因素分析

目的:探讨ⅢC～Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者预后的影响因素,为临床诊疗提供数据支持。方法:回顾分析广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院129例ⅢC～Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者的临床资料,包括年龄、临床分期、组织病理学类型与分级、手术残余病灶直径和术后化疗周期数等。分析评价各因素对ⅢC～Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌预后的影响。结果:单因素分析显示,年龄、手术残余病灶直径、术后化疗周期数与患者预后密切相关,临床分期、病理学类型与组织学分级对预后无显著影响。应用COX回归模型进行多因素分析,患者年龄≥50岁(RR=0.493,95%CI:0.308～0.790)、手术残余病灶直径≥1 cm(RR=2.527,95%CI:1.585～4.028)及术后化疗周期数6次(RR=2.294,95%CI:1.464～3.593)为ⅢC～Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者预后的独立危险因素。结论:对于ⅢC～Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者,年龄越大、手术残余病灶直径越大、术后化疗周期数越少,预后越差。     

影响中晚期卵巢上皮癌预后的治疗因素分析

目的：探讨综合治疗因素对中晚期上皮性卵巢癌预后的影响，方法：分析1990－1997年治疗的91例中晚期卵巢癌的手术范围，术后残余病灶大小，术后化疗疗程数及化疗途径，并随访预后，用Log-Rank检验和Cox模型作生存分析。结果：全组3年和5年生存活率分别为39．21％和36．89％，经单因素分析，与预后有关的因素是术后残余病灶大小，化疗疗九，临床分期及组织学分级，经Cox模型多因素分析，影响预后的独立因子是临床分期和组织学分级，结论：手术范围和化疗途径与上皮性卵巢癌预后无关，手术达理想的肿瘤细胞减灭术及顺铂联合化疗≥6疗程者可获较长期生存，临床分期及组织学分级仍是影响卵巢上皮性癌预后的主要因素。     

ⅢC~Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌预后影响因素分析

目的：探讨ⅢC~Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者预后的影响因素,为临床诊疗提供数据支持。方法：回顾分析广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院129例ⅢC~Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者的临床资料,包括年龄、临床分期、组织病理学类型与分级、手术残余病灶直径和术后化疗周期数等。分析评价各因素对ⅢC~Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌预后的影响。结果：单因素分析显示,年龄、手术残余病灶直径、术后化疗周期数与患者预后密切相关,临床分期、病理学类型与组织学分级对预后无显著影响。应用COX回归模型进行多因素分析,患者年龄≥50岁（RR=0.493,95%CI：0.308～0.790）、手术残余病灶直径≥1 cm（RR=2.527,95%CI：1.585～4.028）及术后化疗周期数＜6次（RR=2.294,95% CI：1.464～3.593）为ⅢC~Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者预后的独立危险因素。结论：对于ⅢC~Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌患者,年龄越大、手术残余病灶直径越大、术后化疗周期数越少,预后越差。     

卵巢上皮性癌的预后影响因素分析

目的 探讨卵巢上皮性癌(卵巢癌)的预后影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2002年1月至2005年12月在山西省肿瘤医院初诊的卵巢癌患者的临床病理资料.结果年龄、分期、病理类型、病理分化程度、术后残余瘤的大小以及术后化疗疗程数是卵巢癌的预后因素(P<0.01).以Ⅳ期患者的死亡风险为1,则Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期患者的死亡风险分别为0.005、0.106、0.361,95% CI分别为0.001～0.024、0.038～0.297、0.181～0.718(P<0.01);以术后残余瘤直径>2 cm患者的死亡风险为1,则残余瘤直径≤2 cm患者的死亡风险仅为0.307,95% CI为0.176～0.536(P<0.01);术后化疗疗程数<6个疗程患者的死亡风险为≥6个疗程者的8.191倍,95% CI为4.666～14.379(P<0.01).是否有恶性肿瘤家族史对卵巢癌预后无影响(P>0.05).结论 分期、术后残余瘤的大小、术后化疗的疗程数是卵巢痛的独立预后影响因素.尽力做到早诊断、早治疗,术后辅以正规、足疗程的化疗是提高卵巢癌生存率的关键.     

晚期卵巢癌二探术时二次细胞减灭术:GOG研究

晚期卵巢癌以铂类为主的一线方案化疗后,近50％无临床发现但二探术证实存留肿瘤,其中3/4肉眼可见肿瘤>5cm。妇科肿瘤专家组(GOG)60号方案即为对Ⅲ、Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌亚理想手术后(残余肿瘤>1cm)分别采用CAP方案和BCG治疗的随机前瞻性试验。本研究对晚期卵巢癌一线方案化疗后临床完全有效和部分有效或疾病稳定者进行二次剖腹探查同时细胞减灭术。回顾GOG 153例病例记录并分析生存情况。     

晚期卵巢上皮性癌初次手术影响因素及预后分析

目的:探讨行初次肿瘤细胞减灭术的晚期卵巢上皮性癌的预后以及影响手术结果的因素.方法:应用SPSS 11.5统计学软件对2003～21307年我院收治的行初次肿瘤细胞减灭术的晚期卵巢上皮性癌111例的临床情况进行统计分析.结果:晚期卵巢上皮性癌的3年生存率为37.8%,5年生存率为11.7%.单因素分析表明,分期晚、分化差、非浆液性病理类型、合并胸水、合并上腹部转移、术后化疗少于6疗程、术后出现并发症者预后差.多因素分析表明残余病灶、组织学分化以及并发症是影响预后的独立因素.合并上腹部转移、低分化、非浆液性易降低满意的肿瘤细胞减灭术的比例从而影响预后.结论:临床期别、组织学分化、病理类型、术后化疗疗程、术后并发症、是否合并上腹部转移及胸水是影响晚期卵巢上皮性癌预后的因素,其中残余病灶、组织学分化以及并发症是影响预后的独立因素.晚期卵巢上皮性癌较易发生上腹部转移,合并上腹部转移影响手术满意减灭率.应积极的行肿瘤细胞减灭术.术后辅以铂类为基础的6疗程化疗.     

卵巢癌术后复发的特征及相关影响因素分析

目的 探讨卵巢癌术后复发的特征及相关因素，寻找预防和降低卵巢癌复发的方法。方法 回顾性分析83例卵巢癌患者的临床病理资料，对其中复发的34例进行分析，寻找复发的相关因素。结果 完全缓解的79例中，复发34例，1年内复发率最高，为61．8％；复发部位盆腔最多，占61．8％。Ⅰ、Ⅱ期复发率较Ⅲ、Ⅳ期低（P〈0．005）；浆液性癌复发率较粘液性癌及其他癌高（P〈0．025）。组织低、中分化较高分化复发率高（P〈0．005）。残余病灶直径〈2cm，较≥2cm者复发率低（P〈0．005）。术后化疗0。5个疗程，较≥6个疗程者复发率高（P〈0．05）。有无大网膜转移者以及原发灶部位为单侧及双侧卵巢者之间复发率差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 卵巢癌术后1年内复发率最高；最常见复发转移部位为盆腔。复发与临床期别、病理类型、组织分化、规范肿瘤细胞减灭术及术后残余病灶的大小及术后规范化疗有关。     

56例复发性卵巢癌无瘤生存期影响因素及治疗后预后分析

目的:探讨复发性卵巢癌患者无瘤生存期(DFI)相关影响因素并分析两种治疗方案患者的生存预后。方法:回顾性分析56例复发性卵巢癌患者临床资料。按复发后治疗方法不同分为二次肿瘤细胞减灭术联合术后化疗22例(手术组),单纯化疗34例(化疗组)。结果:1病理类型、组织学分级、临床分期、初次术后化疗疗程数及初次术后残余病灶大小与患者DFI有关(P0.05),年龄与DFI无关(P0.05);多因素分析提示临床分期、初次术后残余病灶大小是DFI独立影响因素,临床分期越早、初次术后残余病灶越小,DFI越长。2手术组较化疗组复发后中位生存时间明显延长,分别为30月与16月(χ~2=10.849,P=0.010)。复发后化疗组1、2、3、4年生存率分别为65%,32%,8%,0,手术组分别为95%,75%,29%,0;手术组复发后生存率较化疗组高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:复发性卵巢癌患者DFI与病理类型、组织学分级、临床分期、初次术后化疗疗程数及初次术后残余病灶大小相关,临床分期、初次术后残余病灶大小是DFI的独立影响因素。二次肿瘤细胞减灭术联合化疗可提高患者复发后的近期生存率。     

Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌的预后及其影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响Ⅳ上皮性卵巢癌预后的因素。方法 回顾性分析１９９０年１月￣１９９８年５月我院治疗的３１例Ⅳ期上皮性卵巢癌的临床资料，包括患者年龄，病理类型，分化程度，转移部位，术后残留病灶大小、化疗疗程数及生存期等。结果 总的中位生存时间为１５个月，残留病灶≤２ｃｍ、化疗次数≥８，无肝实质转移的患者中位生存时间明显较相应的对照组长（Ｐ〈０．０１）；经多因素分析，年龄，病理类型，分化程度对预后无显著性     

Ⅲ期上皮性卵巢癌的治疗与预后

目的 探讨影响Ⅲ期上皮性卵巢癌预后的临床病理因素以及手术和化疗对预后的作用。方法对1970年1月～1992年12月我院收拾的Ⅲ期上皮性卵巢癌67例进行回顾性分析。所有患者经初次手术后病理检查诊断并按FIGO标准分期,20例行二次手术,4例行三次手术。63例于术后接受化疗,化疗方案为FCT、FAC、CAP、马法兰等,分别为2-12个疗程不等。结果 Ⅲ期上皮性卵巢癌的2年及5年生存率分别是43.12％和24.17%。分组比较,5年生存率Ⅲa期100%、Ⅲb期14.05%和Ⅲc期23.64%( P<0.005);5年生存率透明细胞癌0.005％,粘液性囊腺癌1.76%,浆液性囊腺癌28.70%和内膜样癌36.27％(P<0.005);G1的5年生存率为87.50% 、G2为48.21%和G3为1.13%(P<0.005);术后残留癌小于2 cm的5年生存率69.50%,大于2 cm的为7.54％(P<0.005);化疗小于8个疗程的5年生存率12.49% ,大于8个疗程的47.55%(P=0.046)。结论Ⅲ期上皮性卵巢癌的预后与临床亚分期、病理类型、组织分级、术后残留癌大小及化疗疗程数相关,与年龄无关。专人、定期、全面的随访监测对提高生存率有重要意义。     

舌下含服硝酸甘油倾斜试验诊断儿童血管迷走性晕厥的价值

目的 探讨舌下含服硝酸甘油倾斜试验(SNHUT)对儿童血管迷走性晕厥(VVS)的诊断价值。 方法 2001年3月至2005年5月在中南大学湘雅二医院儿童晕厥专科就诊或住院的不明原因晕厥(UPS)患儿143例，年龄4~18(12.10±3.03)岁，男58例，女85例。电动倾斜床直立倾斜70°行基础直立倾斜试验(BHUT)，并对其阴性者中的64例在同一角度直接给予舌下含服硝酸甘油片0.2mg，再次评价试验结果。用SPSS 11.0软件进行微机统计学处理。 结果 (1)BHUT阳性率29.4%(42/143)，其中女性占73.8%(31/42)；SNHUT 64例，阳性44例，阳性率为68.7%。SNHUT显著地提高了VVS的检出率。(2)出现阳性结果的时间：BHUT为(21.31±13.24)min，SNHUT为(5.41±4.23)min。(3)反应类型：BHUT及SNHUT阳性患儿共86例，血管抑制型83.7%(72/86)，女性占53.5%(46/86)；心脏抑制型7.0%(6/86)，均为女性；混合型9.3%(8/86)，女性占62.5%(5/8)。(4)副反应：舌下含服硝酸甘油64例，未见明显不耐受现象或其他副反应。 结论SNHUT能提高儿童VVS诊断阳性率，副反应小，使用方便，可在儿科临床推广。     

拓扑替康联合铂类治疗晚期卵巢癌的疗效观察

目的:评价拓扑替康联合铂类(TPT+铂类)治疗晚期卵巢癌的疗效及安全性。方法:回顾分析2000年4月至2004年12月收治的符合入选标准的晚期卵巢上皮性癌患者45例,其中初治20例,复治25例。比较初治患者与同期收治的接受紫杉醇加铂类(TP方案)及环磷酰胺加铂类(PC方案)治疗者的临床有效率、中位无进展生存时间和中位生存时间。复治患者则比较一线经铂类或经紫杉醇治疗复发者的有效率、中位无进展生存时间和中位生存时间。结果:初治患者中,TPT+铂类组有效率为75.0%,中位无进展生存时间及中位生存时间分别为17.8月及29.7月,而TP组分别为82.5%,20.9月,35.3月,PC组分别71.4%,14.6月,27.8月,TPT加铂类组与TP组、PC组相比,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。复治患者中,总有效率为28.0%,一线经铂类或经紫杉醇治疗复发患者的有效率为33.3%、23.1%,中位无进展生存时间分别为11.3月、8.4月,中位生存时间分别为18.3月,17.3月,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。非血液性毒性轻微。结论:TPT联合铂类治疗晚期卵巢癌疗效肯定,特别是对复发病例有较好疗效,耐受性良好。     

卵巢癌初次治疗后随访及巩固治疗

卵巢癌患者在经过初次肿瘤细胞减灭术和一线药物化疗后大部分能得到临床完全缓解,但是仍有很多患者特别是晚期患者将复发。文章主要对初次治疗后达到临床完全缓解患者的监测与随访,以及是否需要进一步巩固治疗以延长无进展生存期和提高总生存率的最新进展进行阐述。     

High dose chemotherapeutic strategies in the treatment of epithelial ovarian carcinoma

High dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue has been used in an attempt to overcome chemotherapy resistance and increase survival in patients with poor prognosis epithelial ovarian cancer. Untreated patients with advanced stage disease and those with chemosensitive recurrent disease do better in terms of response rates as well as duration of response and overall survival. Newer strategies using multiple cycles of dose intense therapy may improve results although it will be difficult to document changes in the natural history of advanced ovarian cancer without the completion of randomized phase III trials.     

晚期卵巢上皮性癌的预后变化及影响因素分析

目的：了解近２０余年晚期卵巢上皮性癌的预后有无改善，及影响预后的因素。方法：对１９７０年至１９９３年在我院住院治疗的１４０例晚期卵巢上皮性癌病例进行分析，按患者的初治时间分为两组，１９８０年１月以前的５６例为第１组，之后的８４例为第２组，计算两组的Ｋａｐｌａｎ－Ｍｅｉｅｒ生存率曲线，用ＳＰＳＳ及ＳＵＲＶＣＡＬＣ统计软件对资料进行单因素及ＣＯＸ逐步回归分析，确定影响患者预后的因素。结果：两组的病理资料无差异，但第２组得到了更积极的化疗。总的１年、２年及５年生存率分别为６１．２％、３２．１％和８．５％，第１组分别为４２．３％、２９．６％和４．５％，第２组分别为６９．３％、３６．２％和１１．２％，第２组预后好于第１组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。临床分期晚、分化差、残余瘤直径＞２ｃｍ者预后差。联合化疗≥４个疗程者预后改善，≥６个疗程者又较≥４个疗程者预后好。结论：晚期卵巢上皮性癌的预后近１０余年来有所改善，提高肿瘤细胞减灭术的彻底性及行至少６个疗程的联合化疗是改善预后的重要措施。     

Gemcitabine combined with cisplatin as first-line treatment in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: a phase II study

OBJECTIVE: This phase II study was performed to evaluate the activity and toxicity of gemcitabine plus cisplatin as first-line treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS: Chemonaive patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed FIGO stage III or IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma were enrolled. Patients received cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) on Day 1 and gemcitabine 1250 mg/m(2) on Days 1 (after cisplatin) and 8 of a 21-day cycle. RESULTS: Of the 42 female patients (median age 60 years) enrolled, 81% had a Zubrod performance status of 0 or 1. Among the 37 response-evaluable patients, there were 5 (13.5%) pathological complete responses (CRs), 16 (43.2%) pathological partial responses (PRs), and 3 (8.1%) clinical PRs, for an overall response rate of 64.9% (95% CI: 47.4-79.8%) and a pathological response rate of 56.8%. Per an intent-to-treat analysis, the overall response rate was 57.1% (95% CI: 41.0-72.3%). After a median follow-up time of 15.8 months, the median survival was 24.0 months and median progression-free survival was 13.4 months. Grade 3/4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 69.0 and 33.3% of patients, respectively, with no febrile neutropenia or hemorrhage. Grade 3/4 nausea and vomiting occurred in 35.7% and grade 3 alopecia in 21.4% of the patients. One patient died due to a toxicity-related death (dyspnea). CONCLUSIONS: Gemcitabine plus cisplatin is active and feasible as first-line treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. Further clinical trials adding gemcitabine to first-line treatment seem warranted.     

Pre-chemotherapy hemoglobin levels and survival in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who received a first-line taxane/platinum-based regimen: results of a multicenter retrospective Italian study

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to assess whether the pre-chemotherapy hemoglobin levels have any impact on the clinical outcome of patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who received a first-line taxane/platinum-based regimen. METHODS: The study was conducted on 315 patients who underwent initial surgery followed by taxane/platinum-based chemotherapy for FIGO stage IIc-IV epithelial ovarian cancer. All the patients had ECOG performance status 0-1 at presentation. The median follow-up of survivors was 36 months (range, 6-120 months). RESULTS: The 25%, 50%, and 75% quantiles of hemoglobin levels before starting first-line chemotherapy were 10.2, 11.4, and 12.3 g/dl, respectively. Residual disease after initial surgery (>1 cm versus 12.3 g/dl) were inversely related to overall survival at univariate (P = 0.03) but not at multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation showed that hemoglobin levels before starting first-line taxane/platinum-based chemotherapy are not an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.     

Evaluation of cytoreductive surgery with pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy and intermittent cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy for improvement of long-term survival in ovarian cancer

The present study was designed in order to assess the therapeutic values of pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy in cytoreductive surgery and intermittent systematic chemotherapy combining cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide, namely, intermittent PAC for improvement of the long-term prognosis of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Intermittent PAC was administered every 3 months over a period of approximately 2 years. One hundred and fifty-five patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were enrolled in the study. The estimated 10-year survival rate of 42 patients with stage I or II ovarian cancer who received pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy and the intermittent PAC was significantly higher than that of 31 patients with the same stages who did not (83.9% vs. 61.1%, p<0.05). Similarly, the estimated 10-year survival rate of 38 patients with stage III or IV ovarian cancer who underwent the above-mentioned treatments was significantly high compared with that of 44 patients in the same advanced stages who did not (60.4% vs. 25.0%, p<0.01). As for pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy, there was no significant difference in the estimated 10-year survival rates between patients with and without retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis revealed that the performance of pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy was the most important factor leading successful clinical remission of the advanced ovarian cancers. Cytoreductive surgery including pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy and to intermittent PAC were thus suggested to be capable of dramatically improving the long-term survival even in advanced epithelial ovarian cancers.     

Effectiveness of combined treatment in patient with advanced ovarian carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study was to evaluate chemotherapy, GnRH analogues and radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment in advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a retrospective analysis. 69 patients with stage III and IV epithelial ovarian carcinoma after maximal debulking surgery received adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and cisplatin or carboplatin (6-9 course). Additionally some of them were treated with radiotherapy or/and GnRH agonists. In relation to treatment patients were divided into 4 groups: I--received chemotherapy + GnRH agonist + radiotherapy, II--chemotherapy + GnRH agonist, III--chemotherapy + radiotherapy and IV--chemotherapy. Statistical analysis was based on nonparametric U-Mann-Whitney test. Survival analysis performed with Kaplan-Meyer method. RESULTS: We found statistical differences in overall survival, 5-years survival and overall complete response rate between the group treated with only chemotherapy and groups the also received radiotherapy or/and GnRH analogues. CONCLUSION: Combination treatment in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer seems to be a reasonable way of therapeutic management. Radiotherapy and GnRH agonists with chemotherapy are effective consolidation therapy for stage III and IV ovarian cancer.     

The benefits of low anterior en bloc resection as part of cytoreductive surgery for advanced primary and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer patients outweigh morbidity concerns

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the safety, efficacy and impact on survival of low anterior resection and primary anastomosis at the time of en bloc resection for primary and recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 46 primary and 14 recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients who underwent procedures between April 2001 and May 2005 in our center. Data were obtained from patient medical records and the cancer registry. Parameters for safety, efficacy and survival were considered as primary endpoints. RESULTS: For primary advanced ovarian cancer patients, 43.5% showed no visible tumor at the completion of surgery and optimal cytorection (residual tumor [RT] less than or equal 5 mm) was achieved in 89.2%. Complications associated with en bloc resection occurred in two patients (1 leakage of anastomosis site and 1 rectovaginal fistula), and these were managed with diversion colostomy. Patients with no visible residual tumor had longer disease-free survival compared to those with visible RT (median, 30 vs. 7 months; P=0.0082) and longer overall survival (3-year survival rate, 82.03% vs. 66.63%; P=0.0437). Patients with rectal invasions up to the serosa/subserosa had longer disease-free survival than those with rectal invasion up to the muscle/mucosa (P=0.0176) but did not differ significantly in terms of overall survival (P=0.0880). For recurrent ovarian cancer patients, 42.9% showed no visible tumor at the completion of surgery and optimal cytorection was achieved in 64.3%. One patient experienced an en-bloc-resection-associated complication (a rectovaginal fistula), which was managed conservatively. Patients with no visible residual tumor (RT) had longer disease-free survival than visible RT patients (median, not reached vs. 5 months; P=0.0156) but did not differ significantly in terms of overall survival (median, 32 months for no visible RT vs. 24 months for visible RT patients; P=0.0833). There were no surgery-related deaths among the overall 60 primary and recurrent ovarian cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS: En bloc resection of primary and recurrent epithelial ovarian carcinomas with low anterior resection permits a high rate of complete debulking with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates. Patients with no visible RT after surgery had a survival advantage over patients with visible RT.