Aggravated dry eye after laser in situ keratomileusis in patients with Sjögren syndrome

PURPOSE: To report 2 patients with Sj?gren syndrome (SS) who had no or mild dry eye symptoms preoperatively but developed severe and refractory dry eye after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). METHODS: Two women with well-controlled early-stage SS developed severe dry eye, punctate epithelial keratopathy, and refractive regression 15 and 2 months after LASIK. Both patients were treated with punctal occlusions, artificial tears, fluorometholone 0.02% eyedrops, autologous serum, and systemic immunosuppressants. RESULTS: Ten months after treatment, both patients exhibited only minor improvements in dry eye symptoms on the basis of changes in Schirmer test results, corneal fluorescein staining, and refractive errors, whereas their tear breakup time and corneal sensation remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Severe and refractory dry eye can develop after LASIK in patients with preexisting well-controlled early-stage SS.     

玻璃酸钠滴眼液对干眼患者生物测量参数及人工晶状体度数的影响

目的：:研究玻璃酸钠滴眼液对干眼患者及无干眼者生物测量参数及人工晶状体度数的影响。方法：:前瞻性非随机对照研究。纳入2018年8月1日至2019年3月1日于解放军总医院第一医学中心眼科门诊就诊患者140例（140眼）,根据干眼检测指标分为中重度干眼组、轻度干眼组和无干眼组,其中中重度干眼组40例,轻度干眼组50例,无干...     

Sodium hyaluronate eye drops of different osmolarity for the treatment of dry eye in Sjögren's syndrome patients

AIM: To study the effect of the treatment of dry eye in Sj?gren's syndrome patients with hypotonic or isotonic hyaluronate eye drops. METHODS: 40 Sj?gren's syndrome patients were divided in two groups and treated as follows: group 1 with hypotonic (150 mOsm/l) 0.4% hyaluronate eye drops; group 2 with isotonic 0.4% hyaluronate eye drops. The eye drops were instilled six times a day for 90 days. Grading of subjective symptoms, break up time (BUT), corneal fluorescein staining, conjunctival rose bengal staining, Schirmer's I test, and conjunctival impression cytology were carried out at 0 and 15, 30, 90 days from the beginning of the study. Patients were examined in a blind fashion. For the statistical analysis the Student's t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi(2) test were performed. RESULTS: Symptoms were statistically significantly improved at day 15 in both groups but group 1 patients had a global score statistically significantly better group 2 (p=0.02). At day 15 group 1 patients had an improvement from baseline values of BUT (p=0.003), fluorescein, and rose bengal score (p=0.000001 and p=0.0004 respectively). Group 2 patients had, at day 15, an improvement of BUT and fluorescein score compared to baseline values (p=0.05 and p=0.0001 respectively). A comparison between the two groups showed better results for group 1 patients at day 15 for rose bengal stain (p=0.01) and for BUT (p=0.05) and fluorescein score (p=0.0003) at day 90. The conjunctival impression cytology showed that group 1 had a statistically significant better total score than group 2 starting from day 15 and lasting throughout the study (p<0.02). Also group 2 patients showed an improvement from baseline values starting from day 30 (p=0.000005). CONCLUSION: Hyaluronate eye drops are useful for treating severe dry eye in Sj?gren's syndrome patients. The use of a formulation with pronounced hypotonicity showed better effects on corneoconjunctival epithelium than the isotonic solution.     

玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合鱼腥草滴眼液治疗干眼症的疗效观察

目的:研究单纯玻璃酸钠滴眼液,及其联合鱼腥草滴眼液治疗干眼症的临床疗效。方法:选取确诊的干眼症患者125例198眼,随机分为单纯玻璃酸钠滴眼液组(A组)63例100眼和玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合鱼腥草滴眼液组(B组)62例98眼。A组用1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗;B组交替给予1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液和鱼腥草滴眼液治疗。连续治疗2mo后,比较两组治疗前后的临床症状、泪液基础分泌试验(SⅠt)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)及角膜荧光素染色(FL)程度。结果:两种治疗方法均可明显改善干眼症患者的临床症状、SⅠt,BUT和FL程度;但B组的主观症状、SⅠt,BUT和FL的改善程度明显优于A组。结论:玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合鱼腥草滴眼液可明显改善干眼症患者的临床症状,提高疗效。     

Evaluación objetiva de la aplicación de colirios en personas mayores de 65 años

ObjectiveTo objectively evaluate the ability and skills of patients older than 65 years to successfully administer a topical ocular eye drop.MethodsA prospective study was conducted on a group of 25 patients with a diagnosis of dry eye or glaucoma, undergoing daily treatment with eye drops for at least one year. The procedure was recorded with a video camera at the time of the application.ResultsOf the total, 64% were diagnosed with glaucoma and 36% with dry eye. Almost half (44%) needed a single attempt to apply the drop, and 56% required 2 attempts. In terms of the number of eye drops applied, 52% managed with a single drop, 16% 2 drops, a 12% 3 drops, and 20% 4 or more eye drops. Areas where the eye drop was deposited in the first attempt was, 32% into the conjunctival sac, 32% on the outer corner of the eye, 8% in the inner angle, 8% in the nose, 12% on the cheek, 8% in other areas.ConclusionsSelf-administration of eye drops by the elderly is a complex activity that can have an effect on the expected results.     

复明片联合人工泪液局部滴眼治疗肝肾阴虚型干眼症

目的:观察复明片配合人工泪液局部滴眼治疗肝肾阴虚型干眼症的临床疗效。方法:将符合肝肾阴虚型干眼症诊断标准的患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组采用口服复明片和局部滴用玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗;对照组采用单纯滴用玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗。根据临床症状和基础泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间、角膜荧光素钠染色等检查进行评分。随机抽取干眼症患者60例,治疗组和对照组各30例60眼,治疗观察2mo。结果:两组治疗后BUT,SⅠt、角膜荧光素染色与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01),且治疗后治疗组上述指标变化程度明显优于对照组(P<0.01);治疗组总有效率93.3%,对照组总有效率75.0%,治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:复明片联合人工泪液局部点眼治疗干眼症疗效较单纯使用人工泪液滴眼疗效好。     

丹栀逍遥丸联合羟糖甘滴眼液治疗更年期女性干眼的疗效分析

目的：：观察丹栀逍遥丸联合羟糖甘滴眼液治疗更年期女性干眼的临床疗效和角膜形态及厚度变化。方法：将80例160眼确诊为更年期干眼的女性随机分为羟糖甘滴眼液滴眼治疗的A组40例80眼和丹栀逍遥丸口服联合羟糖甘滴眼液滴眼治疗的B组40例80眼。治疗前及治疗1 mo后,分别采用症状评分、角膜荧光素钠染色评分( FL评分)和泪膜破裂时间( BUT)及基础泪液分泌试验( SⅠt)进行病情评价和疗效观察,同时对角膜表面规则指数( SRI )和表面不对称指数( SAI )及中央角膜厚度( CCT)进行观察。结果：治疗1 mo后,两组患者的症状和FL评分较治疗前显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),BUT和SⅠt较治疗前均有显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而且随着干眼病情加重角膜SRI和SAI逐渐增加,经治疗有明显降低,两组相比以B组的SRI改善更明显,差异有统计学意义;而CCT随干眼病情加重逐渐变薄,经治疗也均有显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但治疗前后组间比较无统计学差异( P>0.05)。结论：丹栀逍遥丸口服联合羟糖甘滴眼液滴眼治疗更年期女性干眼,能明显改善更年期女性干眼的临床症状与客观体征。     

Autologous serum in the management of recalcitrant dry eye syndrome

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of long‐term application of autologous serum eye drops treating recalcitrant dry eye syndrome. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients who had serum eye drops between May 2001 and March 2006. The clinical data collected included sex, age, indications for serum eye drops, frequency of lubricant eye drops use before and after serum eye drop treatment, Schirmer tear function test with anaesthesia, fluorescein staining at baseline and at follow up and changes in subjective symptoms. Results: There were 46 eyes of 23 patients (19 female and 4 male) in the study group. The average follow‐up period was 17.3 months (range 6–55 months). Corneal fluorescein staining of 34 eyes (73.9%) showed improvement at follow up. Sixteen patients (32 eyes, 69.6%) reported a decreased frequency of lubricant use including eight patients (16 eyes, 34.8%) who used only serum eye drops for dry eye treatment. Eighteen patients (35 eyes, 76.1%) reported subjective improvement after using serum eye drops. No significant complications were reported in this study. Conclusion: Serum eye drops can be effective in treating recalcitrant dry eye syndrome and should be available as a management option when other treatments have failed. Meticulous attention must be paid to the possible contamination of the bottle to minimize the risk of infection.     

氟米龙联合玻璃酸钠滴眼液对干燥综合征型干眼患者角膜神经纤维的改善

目的：使用共聚焦显微镜观察氟米龙滴眼液联合玻璃酸钠滴眼液对干燥综合征型干眼患者中央角膜前弹力层神经纤维的改善。

方法： 采用前瞻性双盲随机对照临床研究。将2017-01/2020-07在我院诊断为干燥综合征型干眼患者52例104眼,随机分为试验组26例52眼使用0.1%氟米龙滴眼液联合0.3%玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗,对照组26例52眼使用0.3%玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗。记录两组患者治疗前和治疗2、4、12wk的中央角膜前弹力层神经纤维直径、串珠数和弯曲度评分以及泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液分泌试验(SⅠt)和眼压。

结果： 治疗前两组患者中央角膜前弹力层神经纤维直径、串珠数和弯曲度评分、BUT、SⅠt和眼压比较均无差异(P>0.05),治疗2、4和12wk后,试验组患者BUT均比对照组延长(P<0.05),治疗12wk,试验组比对照组SⅠt增加、神经纤维直径增粗、串珠数减少、弯曲度评分降低(均P<0.05),治疗12wk两组患者眼压无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：氟米龙滴眼液联合玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗干燥综合征型干眼患者安全有效,有助角膜神经恢复。     

Correlation between dry eye and rheumatoid arthritis activity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence of dry eye in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with or without Sj?gren syndrome (SS), and to investigate the correlation between dry eye and RA activity. DESIGN: Prospective case-control study. METHODS: In 72 RA patients, the severity of dry eye was assessed by the Schirmer test, tear break-up time, rose bengal staining, and fluorescein staining. The RA activity was evaluated by the Lansbury index (LI), which is based on the duration of morning stiffness, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), grip strength, and joint score. RESULTS: Ten percent of patients met the Japanese criteria for SS. No difference in dry eye tests or LI was observed between SS patients and non-SS patients. Even in the non-SS group, 90% of patients were diagnosed with probable dry eye. In SS patients, positive correlations were observed between LI and Schirmer test (P = .048), ESR and Schirmer test (P = .035), ESR and rose bengal staining (P = .001), and grip strength and rose bengal staining (P = .047). No such correlations were observed in the non-SS patients. CONCLUSIONS: Dry eye is common in RA patients, including those without SS. We found that there was a correlation between LI and Schirmer test in RA patients with SS, but no correlation when the entire group was analyzed. Dry eye always should be taken into consideration regardless of the RA activity, because the severity of dry eye is independent of RA activity.     

环孢素滴眼液治疗化疗引起的中重度干眼临床疗效观察

目的观察局部使用1%环孢素滴眼液治疗化疗引起的中重度干眼的疗效。方法将2011年3月至2013年9月我院门诊治疗的全身化疗引起的中重度干眼患者22例（44只眼）,随机分为两组：实验组22只眼及对照组22只眼,实验组给予1%环孢素滴眼液每日2次及海露滴眼液每日4次,对照组给予海露滴眼液每日4次。在治疗前及治疗后2、4、6、8周观察患者的自觉症状、角膜荧光素染色（Fl）、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、Schirmer I试验（SIt）。各项指标比较采用χ2检验和t检验。结果治疗4周后两组患者干眼症状评分平均值降低,分别与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。SIt结果在两组中治疗前后各时间点无明显变化,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。实验组BUT在治疗后6周、8周较治疗前延长（t=3.83,4.62;P〈0.01）。实验组患者治疗后4周Fl评分均值为6.6±1.5,较治疗前（8.5±1.7）明显降低。对照组患者在治疗后各时间点BUT及Fl评分均无明显变化,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论局部使用1%环孢素滴眼液治疗化疗引起的中重度干眼效果良好。     

双氯芬酸钠联合玻璃酸钠治疗眼科术后干眼症的临床分析

目的:观察双氯芬酸钠联合玻璃酸钠治疗眼科术后干眼症的临床疗效.方法:选择我院眼科术后不同程度干眼症患者94例94眼,并将其随机分为研究组和对照组各47例47眼,对照组患者在常规治疗的基础上联合玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗,研究组患者在对照组的基础上配合双氯芬酸钠滴眼液治疗.比较两组患者治疗效果、干眼症状调查问卷评分、检测角膜荧光染色(corneal fluorescein staining,CFS)、泪膜破裂时间 (tear film break-up time,BUT)及泪液分泌(Schirmer Ⅰ test,SⅠt)情况.结果:治疗后两组患者干眼症临床症状调查得分、CFS得分均明显低于治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),BUT及SⅠt情况比治疗前增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者在治疗后干眼症临床症状调查得分、CFS得分、BUT及SⅠt结果均优于对照组患者,两组之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).研究组患者的治疗总有效率(98%)明显优于对照组(74%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:对眼科手术后干眼症患者在常规治疗基础上给予双氯芬酸钠眼液联合玻璃酸钠眼液治疗可以有效缓解患者干眼的临床症状,减少角膜荧光染色情况,增加泪膜破裂时间及泪液分泌量.     

环戊硫酮片治疗干眼症的临床观察

目的:观察环戊硫酮片治疗干眼症临床疗效的观察及安全性.方法:采用随机、平行对照的方法,将84例干眼症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各42例,治疗组应用右旋糖酐羟丙甲纤维素滴眼液滴眼联合环戊硫酮片口服进行治疗,对照组应用单纯右旋糖酐羟丙纤维素滴眼液滴眼,总疗程为60d,观察两组用药后的临床疗效及其安全性指标.结果:治疗组和对照组的临床疗效总有效率95%和 81%,显效率为85%和57%.治疗组和对照组均无严重不良反应.结论:环戊硫酮片联合右旋糖酐羟丙甲纤维素滴眼液治疗干眼症与单纯用右旋糖酐羟丙甲纤维素滴眼液治疗干眼症相比,其治疗干眼症的临床疗效确切,未发生不良反应.     

Allogeneic serum eye drops for the treatment of severe dry eye in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease

PURPOSE: To describe the use of allogeneic serum eye drops to treat 2 patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-induced severe ocular surface disease. METHODS: Small case series. RESULTS: Conventional therapy failed to control the ocular symptoms of 2 patients with GVHD who presented with severe dry eye syndrome. Because autologous serum was unavailable in these cases, we used allogeneic serum eye drops as an alternate option for treating their ocular surface disease. Both donors had serologic tests performed before donation. Use of the allogeneic serum eye drops had a beneficial clinical effect, with marked attenuation of the patients' symptoms. This therapy proved to be safe during 10 months of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Allogeneic serum eye drops may be a good alternative treatment for patients with severe dry eyes caused by GVHD.     

羧甲基纤维素钠眼液联合rhEGF治疗白内障术后干眼症

目的：探讨羧甲基纤维素钠眼液联合重组人表皮生长因子( recombinant human epidermal growth factor, rhEGF )对白内障患者超声乳化术后干眼的治疗效果。方法：选取2015-10/2016-05于我院接受治疗的白内障超声乳化术后干眼症患者150例150眼,随机分为试验组(75例75眼)和对照组(75例75眼)。试验组采用羧甲基纤维素钠眼液联合rhEGF治疗,对照组采用羧甲基纤维素钠眼液单药治疗。记录患者治疗前及治疗后1wk,1mo的干眼主观症状评分、角膜荧光素染色( FL)情况、泪液分泌试验( SⅠt)以及泪膜破裂时间( BUT)。结果：治疗前,两组患者的干眼主观症状、泪膜稳定性指标(BUT、FL、SⅠt)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,两组患者随时间延长各指标均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),试验组较对照组干眼主观症状更轻,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)、BUT明显延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)、FL明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)、SⅠt明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：羧甲基纤维素钠眼液联合rhEGF可有效改善白内障术后干眼症状,恢复泪膜稳定性,其疗效显著优于单独使用羧甲基纤维素钠眼液。     

Low-concentration homogenized castor oil eye drops for noninflamed obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction

OBJECTIVE: We developed low-concentration homogenized castor oil eye drops for the treatment of patients with noninflamed obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), a major cause of lipid-deficiency dry eye, and assessed the safety, stability, and efficacy of the eye drops. DESIGN: Randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Forty eyes of 20 patients with noninflamed MGD. METHODS: After a preliminary study of eye drops containing castor oil, 2% castor oil and 5% polyoxyethylene castor oil (emulsifier) were mixed to formulate homogenized oil eye drops. The patients were assigned randomly to receive oil eye drops or placebo six times daily for 2 periods of 2 weeks each. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At the end of each treatment period, we assessed symptoms, tear interference grade, tear evaporation, fluorescein and rose bengal scores, tear break-up time (BUT), and meibomian gland orifice obstruction. Safety and stability tests were also performed. RESULTS: Symptom scores, tear interference grade, tear evaporation test results, rose bengal scores, tear BUT, and orifice obstruction scores after the oil eye drop period showed significant improvement compared with the results after the placebo period. No complications attributable to the eye drops were observed. The oil eye drops were stable when stored at 4 degrees C. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that castor oil eye drops are effective and safe in the treatment of MGD. The possible mechanisms of this treatment are improvement of tear stability as a result of lipid spreading, ease of meibum expression, prevention of tear evaporation, and the lubricating effect of the oil eye drops.     

玻璃酸钠联合rhEGF滴眼液治疗白内障摘除术后干眼的疗效

目的:探讨玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合重组人表皮生长因子(rhEGF)滴眼液治疗白内障囊外摘除术后干眼的临床疗效。方法:选择白内障囊外摘除术后有干眼症状的患者42例60眼,随机分为治疗组和对照组两组,每组21例30眼治疗组采用玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合rhEGF滴眼液滴眼,对照组单独使用玻璃酸钠滴眼液。记录患者用药前和用药后2,4wk的干眼症状评分,裂隙灯下观察泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液分泌试验(SchirmerⅠtest,SⅠt)、荧光素染色(FL)情况。结果:治疗前两组干眼症状评分、BUT,SⅠt,FL无显著性差异(P>0.05),用药后2,4wk,治疗组干眼症状评分、BUT,SⅠt,FL与对照组比较,均有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合rhEGF滴眼液治疗白内障囊外摘除术后干眼疗效优于单独使用玻璃酸钠滴眼液。     

Effect of mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose on dry eye in postmenopausal women

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops on dry eye in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Sixty postmenopause female patients diagnosed of dry eye were assigned randomly to mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops treatment group (n=30) and control group treated with normal saline eye drops (n=30). The subjective symptoms of ocular surface, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear film function tests, tear protein and corneal morphology by confocal scanning microscopy were analyzed before treatment and at 1, 2, 4 and 8wk after treatment respectively. To ensure the safety of the trial, all patients were examined with systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, urine creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen at 8wk after treatment. RESULTS: There were no obvious differences between two groups before the treatment (P>0.05). In two months after the treatment, the symptoms of ocular surface, OSDI, tear protein, and tear film function were only slightly changed in normal saline eye drops group. However, all indices were improved after the treatment of mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops group (P<0.05). In addition, the average amount of corneal epithelium basal cells and inflammatory cells of mistletoe treated group were 3174±379 and 38±25 cells/mm2, significantly decreased as compared to the control group with 4309±612 and 158± 61 cells/mm2, respectively. In the control group, although nerves still maintained straight under corneal epithelium, the number of nerves were significantly decreased, as compared with normal female. In the mistletoe treated group, the number of nerves was only slightly reduced, compared with normal female. CONCLUSION: Mistletoe combined with carboxymethyl cellulose eye drops can alleviate the symptoms and signs of dry eye symptoms.     

普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗干眼症疗效观察

目的：观察1g/L普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗干眼症的疗效。方法：选择我院2011-01/12门诊诊断为干眼症的患者100例,随机分成A、B两组,A组：1g/L普拉洛芬滴眼液及1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合应用,4次/d点眼,1滴/次。B组：1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液单独应用,4次/d点眼,1滴/次。试验疗程为14d。所有的患者符合入选标准,用药前及用药后14d观察患者的问卷评分、SchirmerI试验、角膜荧光素染色评分。比较两组的结果,进行统计分析。结果：1g/L普拉洛芬滴眼液及1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液联合应用治疗干眼症患者的效果明显优于单纯使用1g/L玻璃酸钠滴眼液治疗组,两组结果差异有统计学意义。结论：1g/L普拉洛芬滴眼液治疗干眼症,对于缓解症状,改善角膜情况效果良好。     

地夸磷索钠联合清润养目口服液治疗白内障术后干眼

目的:探讨地夸磷索钠滴眼液联合清润养目口服液治疗白内障超声乳化摘除术联合人工晶状体植入术后干眼的临床疗效。方法:选取2020-09/2021-01就诊于我院眼科的白内障术后干眼患者57例65眼作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(28例32眼,使用3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液治疗)和观察组(29例33眼,使用3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液联合清润养目口服液治疗)。比较两组患者术前1d,术后1wk(治疗前),1mo(治疗后)眼表疾病指数(OSDI)量表评分、非侵入性泪膜破裂时间(NIBUT)、泪液分泌试验(SⅠt)、角膜荧光素钠染色(CFS)评分、中医症状评分等指标。结果:治疗后,观察组和对照组总有效率分别为88%、75%,两组患者OSDI评分、NIBUT、SⅠt均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),观察组治疗后NIBUT、SⅠt、CFS评分、中医症状评分均优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗期间,两组患者均无不良反应发生。结论:地夸磷索钠滴眼液联合清润养目口服液可改善白内障术后干眼的主观症状及客观临床指标,为白内障围手术期干眼的眼表管理提供了新的治疗方案。