肢体骨肉瘤介入性综合治疗远期疗效分析

目的　分析介入性综合治疗方法治疗肢体骨肉瘤的效果。方法　对 5 5例经病理证实的肢体骨肉瘤给予 3个阶段性的治疗 :(1)经动脉局部灌注及全身化疗 2个疗程。 (2 )动脉内局部小剂量灌注同时放疗。 (3)全身化疗 6个疗程。所有病例随访 12～ 2 10个月。按完成治疗阶段分A、B、C3组 ;A组完成全部 3个阶段的治疗 ,B组完成第 1、2阶段的治疗 ,C组仅完成第 1阶段的治疗。回顾分析 3组患者的肿瘤局部控制率、累计生存率和中位生存期。结果　A、B两组总的局部控制率为86 36 % ,局部复发率为 13 6 4 %。 1、3、5年的累计生存率分别为A组 10 0 0 0 %、71 4 3%、5 3 19% ,B组 81 2 5 %、6 2 5 %、6 2 5 % ;C组 1年生存率为 2 7 2 7% ,第 2年全部死亡。 3个组的中位生存期 (含带瘤 )为 :A组 6 2 2 3个月、B组 2 0 5 7个月、C组 8 2 5个月 ,差异有非常显著性意义 (A组与B组比较 :χ2 =2 8 5 8,P <0 0 0 0 1;A组与C组比较 :χ2 =5 3 95 ,P <0 0 0 0 1;B组与C组比较 :χ2 =16 39,P <0 0 0 0 1)。结论　对肢体骨肉瘤进行介入性综合治疗能获得良好的肿瘤局部控制率及较好的远期生存率     

动脉内化疗栓塞在下肢骨肉瘤保肢术前的应用

目的 探讨动脉内灌注化疗栓塞在下肢骨肉瘤保肢术前的应用价值.资料与方法 采用动脉内灌注化疗栓塞术治疗经病理证实的骨肉瘤患者35例,男19例,女16例,Enneking临床分级ⅡA期11例,ⅡB期21例,Ⅲ期3例.介入治疗后2～7天观察患者症状、体征改变情况,外科手术后观察肿瘤组织的病理改变.结果 所有病例血管造影均显示肿瘤血供丰富,并进行了有效的血管栓塞及灌注化疗.介入治疗后肿瘤坏死、液化,19例观察到假包膜的形成.所有病例均成功进行了保肢手术,术中出血明显减少.所观察到的介入治疗后主要并发症为局部的一过性疼痛.结论 保肢术前进行动脉内灌注化疗栓塞治疗,可使局部肿瘤坏死、缩小,部分形成假包膜,有利于保肢手术的进行.     

局部晚期乳腺癌术前介入治疗与全身化疗的对比研究

目的 对比研究晚期乳腺癌术前局部介入治疗与全身化疗的效果.方法 确定Ⅱb、Ⅲa、Ⅲb乳腺癌患者72例,随机分为两组,术前采用介入治疗方法者34例,全身化疗方法者38例.化疗药物均为表阿霉素、环磷酰胺、5-FU.每一疗程剂量分别为:表阿霉素40 mg/m2,环磷酰胺400 mg/m2,5-FU 500 mg/m2.局部灌注和全身化疗后再行乳腺癌根治手术.观察两组疗效及不良反应.结果 介入治疗组共进行35次治疗,其中1例行2次治疗,其余均为1次,共灌注血管70支,胸廓内动脉和胸廓外动脉各35支.全身化疗组进行1 ~ 4个疗程,其中3例只化疗1个疗程,2例化疗4个疗程,其余均为3个疗程.化疗2周后,介入治疗组与全身化疗组数据比较,肿瘤及淋巴结明显缩小,而术前两组数据比较无明显变化.介入治疗组化疗药物所致的不良反应明显低于全身化疗组.介入治疗组与根治术平均间隔时间(16.1 ± 5.6)d,全身化疗组平均间隔时间(55.2 ± 13.7)d,介入治疗组明显较短.结论 ①晚期乳腺癌术前局部辅助化疗对肿瘤根治有显著效果.②经动脉新辅助化疗肿瘤及其淋巴结缩小快,与手术间隔时间短,全身不良反应轻,为手术提供了有利条件.     

骨肉瘤动脉内化疗栓塞术的临床研究

目的：探讨骨肉瘤动脉内化疗栓塞术的临床疗效和病理改变。材料与方法：对３２例病理确诊的骨肉瘤做动脉内化疗栓塞术,然后行手术切除,对以上病例作术前后的临床症状、体征、实验室检查和病理的对比观察,并与１１例作全身化疗的对照组比较。结果：较之全身化疗组、动脉内化疗栓塞组的病例其临床症状和体征均明显改善,肿瘤组织坏死度明显增高。结论：用动脉内化疗栓塞治疗骨肉瘤疗效明显高于全身化疗,是手术治疗前应选择的治疗方法。     

放疗结合介入法化疗治疗中、晚期食管癌

目的探讨放射治疗结合动脉灌注化疗治疗中、晚期食管癌的临床应用价值。方法对38例中、晚期食管癌患者随机分组为单纯放疗组和放射治疗加化疗综合治疗组并随访3～24个月,观察临床及放射学改善情况,评价治疗效果。结果治疗后大部分患者临床指标及X线片表现明显改善,综合治疗组X线Ⅰ级片率明显高于单纯放疗组。结论放射治疗结合经导管直接向肿瘤供血动脉灌注化疗药物,能增加局部的药物浓度和药物效应,减轻全身毒性反应,有效缩小局部肿块。因此,采用放射治疗结合超选择性食管供血动脉灌注化疗是一种行之有效的综合治疗中、晚期食管癌的方法。     

经动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗恶性胰岛素瘤肝转移

目的 探讨经动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗恶性胰岛素瘤肝转移的临床效果.方法 对9例恶性胰岛素瘤肝转移患者,采用5-FU、表阿霉素、丝裂霉素C和IL-2的化疗方案进行经导管动脉灌注化疗,2例患者还接受了肝动脉化疗栓塞,共2～8个疗程.结果 所有患者均顺利完成介入治疗,无严重并发症.治疗后临床症状消失或明显改善,显效2例、有效7例;影像学疗效评价显效1例、有效7例、无效1例.结论 经动脉灌注化疗或栓塞治疗恶性胰岛素瘤肝转移安全有效.     

肢体恶性肿瘤保肢综合治疗探讨

目的 探讨肢体恶性肿瘤患者实施双途径化疗,术前、术中或(和)术后放疗,病灶局部广泛切除手术的保肢综合治疗效果。方法 共19例患者,发病后3～6个月接受治疗。病种包括骨肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、骨恶性淋巴瘤及骶髂关节滑膜肉瘤。通过插入肿瘤营养动脉的导管输入顺铂,以后静脉滴注硫代硫酸钠,进行双途径化疗,再行术前或术后放疗。术中行局部高能X线放疗。结果 双途径化疗后有17例病灶肿胀消退,症状及肢体活动改善,影像学检查好转。综合治疗成功率为94.7％,在骨肉瘤中的成功率为85.7％。2年存活率为88.9％,3年存活率达67.0％,平均生存超过了36.7个月。结论 保肢综合治疗提高了患者的生活质量,疗效优于以往的截肢等治疗。对肢体恶性肿瘤患者只要条件允许,均应先实施有计划的保肢治疗。     

脑恶性肿瘤超选择性动脉化疗并发症分析

目前脑恶性肿瘤在治疗上仍以综合治疗为主要手段 ,化疗是综合治疗的方法之一。传统的静脉全身化疗由于受到剂量的限制 ,肿瘤局部摄取量低 ,全身毒副反应大 ,影响其疗效。而经股动脉插管至颈内动脉灌注化疗 ,可将药物有效浓度灌注到肿瘤组织内 ,减轻全身毒性反应 ,延长药物在肿瘤内的滞留时间 ,有效发挥化疗药物的杀伤作用。但其不足的是颈内动脉插管导管口在眼动脉开口以下 ,大部分化疗的病人常常会出现眼部并发症 ,严重者甚至失明。近年来 ,随着神经介入技术的迅速发展 ,微导管的应用 ,采用超选择将微导管插至眼动脉开口以上进行灌注化疗 ,…     

结直肠癌肝转移动脉化疗栓塞与全身静脉化疗的疗效对比分析

目的 通过比较经肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞与全身静脉化疗治疗结直肠癌肝转移的疗效及生存率,旨在为临床制定合理治疗方案提供依据.资料与方法 回顾性分析45例临床分期相同但治疗方法不同的结直肠癌患者资料,将其分为肝动脉化疗栓塞组及全身静脉化疗组.其中肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞治疗组27例,全身静脉化疗组18例.两组均采用Folfox方案化疗,治疗前后行血常规、肝肾功能及肝脏增强CT检查.随访其生存结果,分析两组的完全缓解(CR)、部分缓解(PR)及1、2、3年生存率.结果 肝动脉化疗栓塞组的CR、PR率(20%、35%)显著高于静脉化疗组(6.25%、25%)(P<0.05);肝动脉灌注化疗组的中位生存期为(25± 0.5)个月,明显高于全身静脉化疗组生存期(13±0.5)个月;肝动脉灌注化疗组的1、2、3年生存率(62.96%、48.14%、22.2%)也显著高于静脉化疗组(38.89%、16.67%、0%)(P<0.05).结论 肝动脉灌注化疗栓塞治疗结肠癌肝转移优于全身静脉化疗.     

介入治疗原发癌合并转移性癌灶46例分析

动脉灌注或 /和栓塞治疗恶性肿瘤 ,已广泛应用于临床 ,但对有明确转移病灶的病例过去多采用全身化疗 ;作者对 46例有转移灶的病例 ,分别对原发灶及转移灶行局部动脉灌注化疗或 /和栓塞治疗并取得了较好疗效。现报道如下 :1　资料与方法1.1　材料 :46例中 ,年龄 3 9～ 70岁 ,平均 5 3岁。均经手术或病理证实。其中原发肺癌 14例、肝癌 16例、食管癌 7例、贲门癌 9例。转移病灶位于肺 17例、肝脏 19例、肋骨 4例、椎体 4例、颅脑 2例 ,其中 8例为全身化疗效果不佳而改用局部化疗 ,肝脏癌灶局部化疗后均行碘油与丝裂霉素乳剂栓塞 ,2例肋间动脉…     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.