3.0T磁共振动态增强扫描联合弥散加权成像评估胃癌术前TNM分期的临床价值

目的探讨磁共振MR动态增强扫描联合弥散加权成像对胃癌患者进行术前TNM分期的临床应用价值。方法使用3.0T飞利浦MRI磁共振机行动态增强及弥散加权成像,对2016年10月～2018年9月于我科行磁共振扫描并经手术病理证实胃癌的39例患者术前进行TNM分期,以手术病理分期结果为金标准对照磁共振诊断结果一致性,并进行卡方检验。结果本研究39例胃癌患者中MRI诊断为T1期2例,T2期10例,T3期11例,T4期16例;病理诊断T1期6例,T2期6例,T3期9例,T4期18例。39例患者N分期结果为MRI诊断为N0期11例,N1期12例,N2期16例;病理诊断N0期10例,N1期14例,N2期15例。M分期中MRI诊断M0期30例,M1期9例;病理诊断M0期30例,M1期9例。39例胃癌患者MRI综合评估T、N、M分期准确性分别为69.23%、71.79%、89.74%。结论 MRI动态增强扫描联合弥散加权成像对胃癌术前TNM分期具有一定优势,且M分期具有较高准确性。     

磁共振成像诊断在直肠癌术前局部分期中的临床价值研究

目的 评价磁共振成像(MRI)诊断在直肠癌术前局部分期中的价值.方法 67例直肠癌患者术前行MRI检查,将术前分期与术后病理分期结果对比,观察MRI对直肠肿瘤浸润深度(T分期)、区域淋巴结转移(N分期)判断的准确性.结果 MRI对术前患者T分期的准确度为83.6%(56/67),直肠癌患者MRI T分期与病理分期结果的一致性检验kappa值为0.79,有统计学意义(u=69.64,P＜0.01);kappa值95%CI为(0.82,0.77).MRI对患者N分期的准确度为68.7%(46/67),MRI判断淋巴结转移的特异度为71.0%(22/31),敏感度为66.7%(24/36).结论 MRI对直肠癌术前患者分期有重要价值,尤其对判断直肠外膜有无侵犯及远处转移的准确性较好,但对淋巴结转移的判断存在一定的局限性.     

3.0 T高分辨磁共振在直肠癌术前T N分期中的评估价值

目的探讨高分辨磁共振(MRI)对直肠癌术前T、N分期中的评估价值。方法选取2017年12月至2018年5月安徽医科大学第一附属医院经手术病理证实的直肠癌患者36例,以术后病理作为诊断的金标准,分别计算高分辨MRI检查对直肠癌T分期及N分期的整体符合率,及与病理的一致性。结果直肠癌高分辨MRI检查T分期与病理T分期之间具有较高的一致性,差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05),高分辨MRI检查对T分期直肠癌的术前诊断,具有较高的符合率(75. 00%)。高分辨MRI检查对直肠癌N分期的符合率相对较差(44. 44%)。直肠癌高分辨MRI检查T分期与病理分期的Kappa一致性分析,T1+T2期、T3期具有中等程度的一致性(Kappa值=0. 410、0. 481),而T4期一致性极好(Kappa值=0. 893)。结论高分辨直肠MRI可用于直肠癌术前的准确定位及分期,为临床治疗方式的选择提供可靠的影像评估的依据。     

高分辨MRI评估直肠癌术前分期及环周切缘的应用价值

目的 HR-MRI在评估直肠癌术前分期及环周切缘方面的应用价值。方法 收集2015至2021就诊于我院并符合纳入排除标准的患者140例,患者均经手术病理证实为直肠癌,且术前均行直肠高分辨率MRI检查。H R-MRI评估直肠癌T、N分期、CRM受累情况与术后病理结果 证实的T、N分期、C RIM受累情况的一致性采用Kappa检验,P<0.01差异有统计学意义。评价MRI在诊断直肠癌术前T、N分期和CRM中的准确性。结果 MRI评估直肠癌T分期与病理T分期的一致性良好(Kappa值为0.79)、直肠癌N分期MRI评价与病理N分期一致性一般(Kappa值为0.621)、CRM受累情况MRI评价与病理结果 一致性良好(Kappa值为0.71),P<0.01差异有统计学意义。MRI评估直肠癌T分期总体准确率为87.9%(123/140)、N分期总体准确率为76.4%(107/140)、CRM受累总体准确率为90.0%(126/140)。结论 肿瘤的浸润深度、淋巴结转移情况及环周切缘受侵情况可以在HR-MR上得以清晰显示,这些结构的受侵情况对指导临床精准医疗有重要意义。     

磁共振成像对胃癌术前TNM分期的临床应用价值

目的 探讨磁共振成像(MRI)在胃癌术前TNM分期评估中的临床应用价值.方法 对48例经手术病理确诊的胃癌患者的MRI增强扫描图像与手术后病理结果相对照.结果 对胃癌T分期的总体诊断准确率为83.3%,其中T1、T2、T3和T4期分别为54.5%、75.0%、84.2%和100.0%;对N分期的总体诊断准确率为77.0%,其中N0期63.6%、N1期70.5%、N2期83.3%和N3期87.5%;对M分期的总体诊断准确率为81.3%,其中M0期85.3%、M1期86.7%;TNM分期诊断总的准确率为77.1%,其中Ⅰa期50.0%、Ⅰb期57.1%、Ⅱ期75.5%、Ⅲa期67.7%、Ⅲb期80.0%和Ⅳ期80.0%.MRI对胃癌术前TNM分期与术后病理结果有着较高一致性(Kappa值=0.671～0.763,P<0.05).结论 MRI可较准确地显示胃癌侵犯胃壁的深度,同时可反映淋巴结转移情况及远处脏器的转移情况,对胃癌术前临床分期的评估有独特的优越性.     

MRI在直肠癌术前TN分期中的诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振成像(MRI)在直肠癌术前TN分期中的诊断价值。方法选取2016年2月至2017年3月在我院治疗的直肠癌患者68例,术前行MRI扫描,扫描序列包括T2WI和磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)(b=0,1000s/mm~2),分析T2WI术前TN分期与术后病理结果,DWI测量不同T分期病灶表观弥散系数(ADC)值。结果术后病理T分期:≤T2期10例、T3期39例、T4期19例;术后病理N分期:N0期45例、N1期17例、N2期6例;MRI术前T分期与病理结果一致性Kappa值=0.642,P0.05,MRI术前T分期准确率为79.41%;MRI术前N分期与病理结果一致性Kappa值=0.244,P0.05,MRI术前N分期准确率为57.35%;T1+2期病灶ADC值为(1.104±0.122)×10-3mm~2/s,明显高于T3期和T4期(P0.05)。结论 MRI在直肠癌术前T分期诊断中有较好的应用价值,在N分期诊断中准确率较低;ADC值在术前T分期诊断中有一定价值。     

直肠腔内水囊MRI在直肠癌术前分期中的应用价值探讨

目的探讨直肠腔内水囊在直肠癌MRI术前分期中的应用价值。方法 36例经肠镜病理证实直肠癌患者,术前MRI检查前置入直肠腔内水囊,比较术前MRI临床分期(肿瘤T分期、淋巴结转移N分期及环周切缘受累)和术后病理结果,判断直肠腔内水囊置入后MRI检查在直肠癌术前分期中应用价值。结果直肠腔内水囊置入后MRI检查对直肠癌T分期及环周切缘受累判断与病理学分期诊断一致性好(Kappa值分别为0.751,0.769;P0.01),对肿瘤T分期的总准确率为95%,环周切缘受累判断准确率为91.7%,而淋巴结转移N分期与病理学分期一致性具有一般统计学意义(Kappa值=0.613;P0.01),淋巴结转移N分期总准确率为80.6%。结论直肠腔内水囊置入后MRI检查对肿瘤T分期的诊断具有较大价值,并能准确预测环周切缘受累情况,而对淋巴结转移N分期只能作一般性预测。     

螺旋CT在胃癌术前TNM分期中的价值

目的：研究胃癌多层螺旋 CT ( multi slice spiral,MSCT)的影像特点,探讨其对胃癌TNM分期的术前诊断与术后病理的一致性。方法分别对经手术病理证实的69例胃癌患者进行MSCT平扫及增强扫描,分析其CT影像特点并对其进行术前TNM分期,并与临床术后病理分期进行对比分析,分期的准确性采用Kappa一致性检验。结果 T1期准确率为66．7%(4/6);T2期准确率为72．7%(8/11);T3期准确率为75．0%(36/48);T4期准确率为100%(4/4)。总准确率为75．4%(52/69),总一致性Kappa=0．558,P=0．000;N分期准确率分别为N0期88．2%(15/17),N1期46．9%(15/32),N2期83．3%(10/12),N3期100%(8/8),总N分期准确率为69．56%(48/69),敏感性63．5%,特异性88．2%,一致性Kappa=0．579,P=0．000;M分期中M0期准确率均100%,M1期准确率76．9%(10/13),一致性Kappa=0．844,P=0．000。结论 MSCT在胃癌患者术前TNM分期与术后病理分期有较好的准确性和一致性。     

MRI在直肠癌患者术前局部分期中的初步应用

目的:探讨磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)在直肠癌患者术前局部分期中的应用价值?方法:31例直肠癌患者术前接受1.5T磁共振检查,行矢状位?冠状位及斜轴位T2WI?斜轴位T1WI?DWI扫描后进行局部分期,并对照手术病理分期结果?结果:31例直肠癌包括T1期1例,T2期9例,T3期20例,T4期1例;N0期16例,N1期9例,N2期6例?MRI T分期总诊断准确率为83.9%(26/31),与病理学T分期间一致性检验较好(Kappa = 0.668,P < 0.001);N分期总诊断准确率67.7%(21/31),与病理N分期间一致性检验较好(Kappa = 0.484,P < 0.001)?结论:MRI在直肠癌术前分期中准确率较高?     

cT2期直肠癌术前MRI分期的价值

目的探讨早期直肠癌术前磁共振成像(MRI)分期的准确性。方法回顾性分析2015年12月～2018年9月在我院行根治性手术治疗的47例分期为cT2N0-1M0期和c T2NxM0期的早期直肠癌患者,所有患者术前均行盆腔MRI检查,且在检查后2周内行根治性手术,术前均未行新辅助治疗。分析比较术后病理分期与术前MRI分期的差异。结果 MRI检查T分期准确率为53.2%,T分期低估比例为27.7%,高估比例为19.1%;中段直肠癌MRI的T分期准确率最低(38.1%);MRI检查N分期准确率为54.2%。MRI对N分期诊断的灵敏度为63.2%,特异度为20.0%。Kappa检验显示MRI的N分期和病理N分期的一致性差(κ=-0.138,P=0.477);MRI对下段直肠癌N分期准确率最低(50.0%)。结论研究结果提示MRI在鉴别早期直肠癌T2期和判断淋巴结是否转移的准确性均较低,特别是在中下段直肠癌患者,准确性更低。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.