消化系恶性肿瘤患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平变化

目的 探讨消化系恶性肿瘤患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平变化及其临床意义.方法 选择诊断明确的消化系恶性肿瘤患者100例和正常健康体检者20例,采用生化及微粒子化学发光法测定研究对象外周血中同型半胱氨酸、叶酸及维生素B12水平.结果 与对照组相比,4种肿瘤患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平均显著增高,叶酸水平均显著降低(均P＜0.01);维生素B12水平无显著性差异(均P＞0.05).结论 4种消化系恶性肿瘤患者血清同型半胱氨酸及叶酸水平变化非常显著,其可能与消化系恶性肿瘤的存在有密切关系.     

2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平分析

目的观察新诊断的2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）患者的血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平及相关因素。方法72例新诊断的T2DM患者,分为合并NAFLD组（37例）和对照组（35例）,检测血糖、血脂、血清转氨酶、空腹胰岛素,以及血浆同型半胱氨酸的水平。结果合并NAFLD组IR（5．4±2．5）、FINS（10．8±3．1）mIU／L、Hcy（12．1±6．5）mmol／L,对照组IR（4．2±2．1）、FINS（9．1±3．6）mIU／L、Hcy（9．44±4．6）mmol／L,两组相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。相关分析显示,血浆Hcy水平与FINS和HOMA—IR水平呈正相关。结论在T2DM患者中合并NAFLD者Hcy水平高于未合并NAFLD者,与胰岛素抵抗相关。     

溃疡性结肠炎患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平的分析

目的 探讨溃疡性结肠炎(UC)患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平及其在血栓中的危险性.方法 选取本院2010～2011年52例UC患者(UC患者组)和50例健康体检者(对照组)进行研究,检测两组中同型半胱氨酸、维生素B12、叶酸水平,然后进行统计学分析.结果 UC患者组同型半胱氨酸平均为(13.7±1.92)μmol/L(4.60～87 mmol/L),比对照组[(11.1±3.58)μmol/L]高(P＜0.001),维生素B12、叶酸水平比对照组低(P＜0.001),Spearman秩相关分析显示叶酸缺乏是UC患者高半胱氨酸惟一危险因素,并呈负相关.结论 IBD患者水平同型半胱氨酸升高,并缺乏维生素和叶酸.     

老年脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平及药物干预研究

目的 了解正常人颈动脉硬化患者及脑梗死患者血清同型半脱氨酸(serum total nomocysteine,tHcy)水平及给予叶酸和维生素B12治疗后血tHcy含量的变化。方法 脑梗死组80例，男71例，女9例，年龄63—80岁，平均74岁，符合脑梗死的诊断标淮，均在发病后2周内测定tHcy含量；颈动脉硬化组80例，男71例，女9例，年龄62—79岁，平均72岁。双例颈动脉B超检查均存在颈动脉硬化及(或)粥祥斑块。以上两组均除外甲状腺功能衰退及肾功能衰退。入选者在测定血清叶酸、维生素B12、肌酐、血糖、血脂水平及血压和体重指数后，各组均随机分为两组，即干预治疗组及非干预治疗组，每组40例。干预治疗组患者给予叶酸1．25mg,隔日1次，维生素B12 8μg，1次／d，口服10个月后复查上述各项指标。结果 治疗前3组血tHcy水平各不相同，脑梗死组为(16&;#177;5)μmol/L，颈动脉硬化组为(14&;#177;5)μmol/L，正常老年人组为(12&;#177;3)μmol/L，3组比较差异有显著意义。血tHcy含量增高，叶酸水平越低。相关分析发现，血tHcy水平与叶酸、维生素B12呈负相关。干预治疗后，治疗组患者的血tHcy含量均有所下降。结论 不同程度的脑缺血性疾病与血tHcy水平有一定的关系，补充营养元素有助于降低血tHcy水平，以减少高tHcy对血管的素性作用。     

血清同型半胱氨酸水平与脑梗塞关系的临床研究

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(HCY)水平与脑梗死之间的关系。方法检测140例脑梗死患者血清HCY、叶酸(FA)、维生素B12(VitB12)及血脂等指标,并与80例健康对照者相比较。结果脑梗死组血清HCY及甘油三脂(TG)水平高于健康对照组[(16.67±9.06)μmol/L vs.(10.51±2.33)μmol/L,和(1.63±1.12)mmol/L vs.(1.34±0.43)mmol/L,P均<0.001],而FA及VitB12水平则低于健康对照组[(4.62±2.37)g/L vs.(8.47±1.56)g/L,和(255.32±83.43)ng/L vs.(334.6±53.88)ng/L,P值均<0.001],两对照组间总胆固醇(TCHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)比较差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血清HCY升高可能是脑梗死的危险因素,导致HCY升高的原因可能与血清内叶酸和维生素B12的降低有关。     

非酒精性脂肪肝患者血清瘦素和胰岛素抵抗水平的研究

目的了解非酒精性脂肪肝患者血清瘦素、胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗的水平。方法选择非酒精性脂肪肝患者40例和健康对照组40例,测定所有研究对象的空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹胰岛素（Inso）、血脂、血清瘦素（Leptin）、身高、体质量,计算其体质量指数和胰岛素抵抗（HOMA—IR）。结果（1）非酒精性脂肪肝组Leptin和HOMA—IR均显著高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;（2）通过多元回归相关分析发现,非酒精性脂肪肝与Leptin、Inso及HOMA—IR均呈独立正相关。结论高Leptin、高Inso和HOMA—IR在非酒精性脂肪肝发病中起重要作用。     

胃癌患者血清同型半胱氨酸、叶酸及维生素B12水平的初步探讨

同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）血症被认为是心脑血管疾病的一个独立危险因素,但具体致病机制尚不完全清楚。许多疾病如甲状腺功能减退、肾功能衰竭及恶性肿瘤等患者外周血中存在Hcy水平异常升高。近年来发现Hcy水平与多种细胞癌变有关。我们联合检测了胃癌患者血清Hcy、叶酸及维生素B12。浓度,试图从Hcy、叶酸及维生素B12代谢的角度来探讨其在胃癌发病中的可能作用。     

脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸、叶酸及维生素B_(12)水平的分析

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸(FA)及维生素B12(VitB12)水平与脑梗死的关系。方法采用循环酶法和化学发光免疫法分别检测60例脑梗死患者血清Hcy、FA及VitB12水平,并与同期40例健康体检者进行比较。结果脑梗死组血清Hcy水平(23.16±8.17μmol/L)明显高于对照组(8.09±2.45μmol/L,P0.01),血清FA水平(6.12±2.19ng/mL)和VitB12水平(323.92±133.79μmol/L)明显低于对照组(10.57±5.70ng/mL,530.85±168.56μmol/L,P0.01)。脑梗死组血清Hcy水平与FA及VitB12水平均呈负相关(r1=-0.444,r2=-0.535,P0.05)。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症为脑梗死的独立危险因素,与FA和VitB12水平下降有关。     

甲减患者总同型半胱氨酸水平及其相关因素分析

目的：探讨甲减患血浆总同型半胱氨酸（tHcy)的变化及其与叶酸,维生素B12,血清胆固醇的相关关系,方法：应用荧光偏振免疫发光技术测定45例甲减患及48例正常对照tHcy,叶酸,维生素B12水平,应用生化技术测定血清总胆固醇;同一参数在甲减组与对照组间进行t 检验,tHcy 与各参数间的关系采用Spearman等级相关,结果：甲减组tHcy及血清胆固醇显高于对照组;甲减组叶酸及维生素B12显代于对照组,甲减患tHcy与叶酸,维生素B12分别呈显负相关,与胆固醇呈正相关,但无统计学意义。结论：甲减患tHcy和胆固醇升高可加速其动脉硬化的发生及发展,加速冠心病的进程,补充叶酸及维生素B12治疗有望在一定程度上降低tHcy的水平,从而降低甲减患冠心病的发生率。     

急性心肌梗死患者血同型半胱氨酸水平及干预效果的研究

目的 研究急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者血同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平及叶酸、维生素B12的干预效果.方法 将104例AMI患者随机分为两组,治疗1组只给常规治疗,治疗2组在常规治疗基础上给予叶酸和维生素B12口服;取正常人40例为对照组.治疗前和治疗14 d后测定血Hcy水平.结果治疗前AMI患者Hcy水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗14 d后治疗2组血Hcy水平明显降低(P<0.05),与治疗1组和治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 AMI患者Hcy水平明显升高,叶酸和维生素B12能明显降低AMI患者Hcy水平.     

新诊断2型糖尿病并非酒精性脂肪肝的相关因素分析

目的:探讨新诊断2型糖尿病患者(T2DM)并非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的相关因素.方法:比较新诊断T:DM并NAFLD(DFL)和未合并NAFLD(NDFL)患者的各种生化指标,Logistic回归方法分析T2DM并NAFLD的相关因素.结果:与NDFL组相比较,DFL组的体重指数(BMI)、腰围、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、Ln(C肽曲线下面积)[Ln(CPAUC)]、甘油三脂(TG)和尿酸明显增高(P<0.05);DFL组腰围≥85 cm,BMI≥25 kg/m2,血脂异常、尿酸≥350μmol/L,代谢综合征和Ln(CPAUC)≥12的患者比例明显高于NDFL组(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示:腰围≥85 cm和Ln(CPAUC)≥12是新诊断T2DM并NAFLD的独立危险因素(P<0.05).结论:新诊断T2DM患者的NAFLD与各种代谢异常密切相关,胰岛素抵抗是其主要的危险因素,反映中心性肥胖的腰围可作为其一个重要的预测因素.     

106例非酒精性脂肪肝血液流变性分析

目的 探讨非酒精性脂肪肝患者血液流变性变化相关因素.方法 检测106例非酒精性脂肪肝患者（观察组）和50名健康体检者（正常组）的生化和血液流变学指标进行对比分析并采用B超进行综合诊断.结果 观察组的全血比黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞压积、体重指数、血糖、尿酸、血清谷丙转氨酶、谷氨酰胺转肽酶、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯均高于正常组,具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 肥胖症、糖尿病、高脂血症都是非酒精性脂肪肝的危险因素,要做到及时防治.     

血浆同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B12水平测定与脑卒中的关系

目的探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸、维生素B12水平与脑卒中的关系及临床意义。方法用循环酶法和化学发光法检测168例脑卒中患者(脑梗死96例,脑出血42例,短暂性缺血发作30例)血浆中同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B12水平,并与同期40例健康体检者进行了对照。结果脑卒中患者血浆中Hcy含量均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);叶酸和维生素B12水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症为脑卒中发病的独立危险因素之一,与叶酸和维生素B12水平下降有关。     

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Evidence-Based Management and Early Recognition of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most prevalent liver disease in the world. Metabolic syndrome and obesity are associated risk factors. The inflammatory subtype, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to cirrhosis, is predicted to become the primary indication for liver transplantation within the next decade. Although there are no approved medications for NASH, there are ongoing multicenter trials aimed at targeting aspects of fat accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis throughout the disease process. Nurse practitioners should focus on identifying patients at risk for NASH, while using guidelines for the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the comorbidities contributing to disease progression.     

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children: Beyond Metabolic Syndrome

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been identified as the number one cause of liver disease in children and adolescents in the United States. This increasing rate of liver disease is directly related to obesity. Often the initial presentation of NAFLD is a child or adolescent with increased risk of cardiovascular and/or metabolic risk factors. According to the United Network of Organ Sharing, NAFLD is rapidly becoming the leading cause of chronic liver disease and liver transplants in older children. It is important for pediatric primary care providers to recognize the risk factors for NAFLD and provide a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach for interventions to prevent and limit liver disease in children and adolescents.     

Managing Diabetes in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease

Abstract

Diabetes and chronic liver disease (CLD) are common long–term conditions in the developed and developing world. The 2 conditions often coexist, and there is evidence to suggest that diabetes can have a significant adverse effect on patients with CLD, leading to increased complications and premature mortality. While diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) appear to have common origins related to obesity and insulin resistance, diabetes is also common among patients with alcoholic and viral CLD. In patients with NASH, improvement in metabolic indices appears to reduce the progression of CLD. It is not clear whether improving glycemic control in other forms of CLD leads to improved outcomes. Managing diabetes in patients with CLD can be challenging because many antihyperglycemic therapies are contraindicated or must be used with care. Metformin and pioglitazone may be useful in patients with NASH, but sulfonylureas and insulin must be used with caution, as hypoglycemia may be a problem. Insulin doses frequently need to be reduced in patients with CLD. Newer glycemic agents have not been widely used in patients with CLD, but bariatric surgery may lead to significant improvement in liver indices in patients with NASH. Management of patients with diabetes and CLD may be enhanced by using a multidisciplinary approach.     

2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝的临床研究

【目的]探讨影响2型糖尿病（T2DM）合并非酒精性脂肪肝的危险因素。【方法】分析T2DM伴有非酒精性脂肪肝组26例,T2DM不伴脂肪肝组31例多项指标。【结果】T2DM病伴有脂肪肝组体重指数、腰围、腰臀比、体脂百分比、甘油三酯、胰岛素敏感指数较T2DM不伴有脂肪肝组显著增高（P〈0．05）。【结论】T2DM患者合并非酒精性脂肪肝的独立危险因素是肥胖、高甘油三酯血症和胰岛素抵抗。     

Association of homocysteine level with biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis

Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between plasmatic higher of homocysteine level and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We aimed to investigate this association by conducting a meta-analysis. Literature was searched on PubMed from inception to January 2015. Eight studies evaluating plasma level of homocysteine in biopsy-proven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease subjects compared to healthy controls were included. Compared with the controls, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients witnessed a higher level of homocysteine [standard mean difference (SMD): 0.66 µmol/L, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.92 µmol/L], and were associated with a significant increased risk for hyperhomocysteinemia [odds ratio (OR) 5.09, 95% CI: 1.69, 15.32]. In addition, patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver presented 0.45 µmol/L higher levels of homocysteine compared to healthy controls (95% CI: 0.09, 0.82 µmol/L), whereas non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients had 1.02 µmol/L higher levels of homocysteine (95% CI: 0.28, 1.76 µmol/L). There was neither difference of folate level nor vitamin B12 level between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease subjects and healthy controls. This study revealed that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients presented an increased serum concentration of homocysteine, and were associated with an increased risk of hyperhomocysteinemia. Further studies are needed to demonstrate a causal role of hyperhomocysteinemia in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.     

冠心病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与血清叶酸、维生素B12和维生素B6的关系及干预试验研究

目的：研究冠心病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与血清叶酸、维生素B12和维生素B6的关系并进行干预试验研究。方法：测定50例正常对照者及134例冠心病患者血浆总同型半胱氨酸（tHcy)水平血清叶酸、维生素B12和维生素B6水平，测定134例冠心病患者和55例对照者给予口服复合叶酸制剂10－20周年的血浆tHcy水平和血清叶酸、维生素B12和维生素B6水平。结果：研究结果显示血浆tHcy水平患者组明显高于对照组（P＜0．001），血清叶酸、维生素B12和维生素B6水平患者线显著低于对照组（P＜0．001）；给予口服复合叶酸制剂能显著降低血浆tHcy水平（P＜0．001）。结论：冠心病患血浆同型半胱氨酸水平升高与血清叶酸，维生素B12和维生素B6水平降低有关，给予口服复合叶酸制剂能显著降低血浆同型半胱氨酸水平。