体外受精与胚胎移植前输卵管积水处理方式的探讨

目的:探讨体外受精与胚胎移植(IVF-ET)前输卵管积水的不同处理方式对IVF-ET结局的影响。方法:回顾分析2002年1月至2004年12月因输卵管因素不孕接受IVF-ET治疗的346个治疗周期的资料。按输卵管的情况分为4组,A组:输卵管阻塞,未发现输卵管积水者,共151个治疗周期;B组:IVF-ET前输卵管积水未行手术治疗者,共73个治疗周期;C组:IVF-ET前输卵管积水行输卵管伞端造口术者,共43个治疗周期;D组:IVF-ET前输卵管积水行输卵管切除术者,共79个治疗周期。结果:各组的临床妊娠率分别为48.34%、21.92%、34.88%、44.30%,异位妊娠率分别为1.37%、12.50%、6.67%、2.86%,种植率分别为20.36%、5.87%、12.28%、19.38%,B组的临床妊娠率及种植率较A组、D组明显降低,B组、C组的异位妊娠率均较A组、D组升高。结论:输卵管积水对IVF-ET的结局有负面影响,IVF-ET前输卵管积水,先行手术治疗,可改善IVF-ET的结局。较之输卵管造口术,输卵管切除术可减少异位妊娠的发生率及输卵管积水的复发率。     

输卵管积水抽吸术在体外受精-胚胎移植中的意义

目的:评价输卵管积水抽吸术在输卵管积水患者行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)中的意义。方法:回顾性分析2005年1月~2009年12月在广州医学院第三附属医院生殖中心因输卵管因素不孕症行IVF-ET治疗的患者资料1029例(1190个周期),分为输卵管积水抽吸组(A组)75例(88个周期)、输卵管积水组(B组)49例(60个周期)和双侧输卵管阻塞组(C组)905例(1042个周期)。结果:3组患者Gn总量、超排天数、移植胚胎数、冷冻胚胎数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组间受精率、胚胎种植率、移植取消率、临床妊娠率、多胎妊娠率、中晚期流产率、异位妊娠率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.0167)。A、B两组HCG日直径>12mm的卵泡数、获卵数均少于C组(P<0.05),A、B两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组生化妊娠率、早期流产率高于C组(P<0.0167),B、C组差异无统计学意义(P>0.0167)。结论:取卵时经阴道输卵管积水抽吸术没有改变输卵管积水患者临床妊娠率低、早期流产率高的结局。     

介入性输卵管栓塞术对体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响

目的探讨介入性输卵管栓塞术对输卵管积水患者行体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)治疗结局的影响。方法对2009年5月至2010年5月因输卵管性不孕于盛京医院辅助生殖中心行IVF-ET200例临床资料进行回顾性分析。分为3组。A组:输卵管阻塞,无积水(92例);B组:有输卵管积水,经腹腔镜行输卵管切除术或造口术(31例);C组:有输卵管积水,行介入性输卵管栓塞术(77例)。结果各组间临床妊娠率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。介入治疗组获卵数略高于腹腔镜治疗组。结论介入性输卵管栓塞术是一种值得推荐的IVF-ET前输卵管积水的治疗方法。     

取卵后引流输卵管积水对体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响

目的 探讨取卵后穿刺抽吸输卵管积水对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)临床结局的影响.方法 回顾分析2003年1月至2008年6月期间郑州大学第二附属医院生殖中心145例患者因输卵管因素而行IVF-ET 157个周期的资料.根据子宫输卵管造影(HSG)和阴道超声诊断积水及处理方法的不同分为3组.A组:22例,HSG和阴道超声均可见输卵管积水,取卵后同时抽吸积水;B组:24例,HSG见积水,但阴道超声未见明显的积水,取卵时不穿刺积水;C组:111例,单纯输卵管阻塞不伴积水者,设为对照组.结果 各组间的妊娠率、植入率、流产率差异无统计学意义(P0.05).A组的受精率高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).积水组(A、B组)的流产率略高于无积水组(C组),但差异无统计学意义(P0.05).B组的异位妊娠率高于A组和C组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 对阴道超声可见的输卵管积水取卵后抽净积水,可取得与无输卵管积水患者相近的临床结局.HSG提示积水而阴道超声未显示积水,患者无阴道排液者(B组),对IVF-ET的临床结局影响不大,无需特殊处理.     

输卵管积水不同处理方式对体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响:一项回顾性队列研究

目的探讨输卵管积水的不同手术处理方式及术后积水复发对体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)临床结局的影响。方法采用非随机分组数据,回顾性分析2012—2014年期间因输卵管因素在本中心行常规IVF-ET治疗的939例不孕患者的资料,按IVF-ET前每位患者的输卵管积水处理方式分为手术组(A组,n=533)和未处理组(B组,n=406)。手术组又分为输卵管近端结扎组(A1组,n=311)、输卵管造口组(A2组,n=113)和输卵管切除组(A3组,n=109),每例患者仅纳入本研究时间段内第一个新鲜胚胎移植周期的效果,比较积水患者不同手术方式对IVF-ET临床结局的影响。结果 A组的临床妊娠率(50.7%)和活产率(91.1%)均高于B组(40.4%,77.4%)(P0.05);A组的异位妊娠率(3.7%)明显低于B组(12.8%)(P0.05);控制性超促排卵(COH)过程中的获卵数、获胚胎数、优质胚胎数A、B组间均无统计学差异(P0.05)。A1组、A2组及A3组间IVF-ET的临床妊娠率、活产率、流产率均无统计学差异(P0.05),COH过程中获卵数、获胚胎数、优质胚胎数3个亚组间亦均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论输卵管积水通过手术处理可以提高其IVF-ET的临床妊娠率、活产率、降低异位妊娠率,并且进行输卵管造口、结扎、切除的不同处理对于IVF-ET结局和卵巢储备功能均无统计学影响。     

不同输卵管手术方式对体外受精-胚胎移植治疗结局的影响

目的:探讨体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)中不同的输卵管手术方式对治疗结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析长方案超促排卵IVF周期378例输卵管因素不孕患者:双侧输卵管切除58例(A组);双侧输卵管造口45例(B组);双侧输卵管近端结扎+远端造口37例(C组);单侧输卵管整形42例(D组);单侧输卵管切除45例(E组);随机选取单纯双侧输卵管梗阻无积水患者151例作为对照组(F组);比较患者的一般情况、卵巢对促排卵的反应性和临床治疗结局。结果:①基础窦卵泡(bAFC)数、Gn使用总量、Gn用药时间、hCG注射日卵泡数目、获卵数及冷冻胚胎数,A组较其他手术组及对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他手术组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组间受精率、优质胚胎率和移植胚胎数均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。B组妊娠率和种植率显著低于其他各组,而异位妊娠率和流产率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。②E组患侧(手术侧)hCG注射日卵巢体积(OVVOL)、卵泡数(直径≥15 mm)和获卵数明显少于健侧卵巢(P<0.05),而D组患侧与健侧上述指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:双侧输卵管切除术增大了促排卵Gn用量和使用天数,减少了获卵数;但不影响受精率、优质胚胎率及着床率,因而不影响IVF-ET单次临床妊娠率。单侧手术由于健侧输卵管的代偿作用对IVF治疗无明显影响。造口术再次发生输卵管积水风险升高,种植率、妊娠率下降,异位妊娠率和流产率升高。     

体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)输卵管积水预处理后冻融胚胎解冻移植结局分析

目的:探讨体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)中输卵管积水患者积水处理(单侧或双侧输卵管切除/结扎)后冻融胚胎移植结局和影响因素。方法:回顾分析2012年6月~2014年6月在兰州大学第一医院生殖医学专科医院因输卵管积水行IVF-ET的117例患者的临床资料。117例患者中,取卵后因积水返流宫腔行全胚冷冻取消移植者69例,不良结局者48例。比较行输卵管积水处理后的117例患者(研究组)和因输卵管因素行冻融胚胎解冻移植(FET)的212例患者的妊娠结局。结果:研究组117例患者中111例行积水单侧或双侧结扎/切除,6例行输卵管栓塞,FET 115例后妊娠70例,妊娠率60.87%,早期流产8例,流产率11.42%,宫角妊娠2例。对照组212例完成206个解冻移植周期,妊娠114例,妊娠率55.33%,早期流产12例,早期流产率10.52%,异位妊娠3例,异位妊娠率2.63%。两组的受精率、可利用胚胎率、临床妊娠率等无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)取卵后输卵管积水切除或结扎或栓塞后行冻融胚胎解冻移植,可获得良好的妊娠结局。     

达英-35联合二甲双胍预治疗对多囊卵巢综合征患者早期流产的影响

目的:探讨药物预处理对接受IVF-ET的多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者早期流产率的影响。方法:回顾性分析因输卵管因素接受IVF-ET获得临床妊娠的PCOS患者共116例。其中,30例患者进入周期前经达英-35单药治疗(A组),75例患者进入周期前经达英-35联合二甲双胍治疗(B组),均治疗3～6个周期;11例患者进入周期前不用药物治疗(C组)。比较3组患者进行IVF-ET后的早期流产率。结果:B组早期流产率显著低于A组及C组;A组早期胚胎流产率与C组比较无统计学差异。结论:IVF-ET周期前使用二甲双胍预处理能显著降低多囊卵巢综合征患者的早期流产率。     

盆底型子宫内膜异位症患者行IVF-ET助孕后妊娠结局及妊娠期并发症的分析

目的:探讨盆底型子宫内膜异位症(EMs)患者行IVF-ET助孕后妊娠结局及妊娠期并发症。方法:回顾性分析行IVF-ET治疗获临床妊娠的盆底型EMs 96个周期(A组),卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿者107个周期(B组),并选择同期180个周期输卵管因素行IVF-ET助孕获临床妊娠者为对照组(C组)。分析比较各组患者行IVF-ET助孕的妊娠结局及妊娠期并发症。结果:A组早产率显著低于B组(9.38%vs 21.50%,P0.05);流产率(25.00%vs 12.78%)及单胎流产率(35.00%vs 17.31%)明显高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);异位妊娠发生率略高于B组(2.08%vs 1.87%),低于C组(6.67%),但3组间无统计学差异(P=0.072)。A组和B组妊娠期并发症发生率明显高于C组(30.21%vs 31.78%vs 16.11%,P0.05),但A、B组间无统计学差异(P0.05)。其中A组和B组子痫前期(8.33%vs 9.35%)、前置胎盘(9.38%vs 10.28%)发生率显著高于C组(2.78%;3.33%);A组先兆流产率高于B组和C组(18.75%vs 14.02%vs 8.33%),且与C组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:盆底型EMs患者行IVF-ET助孕其自然流产率显著高于输卵管不孕患者,早产率较卵巢型EMs降低;妊娠期并发症较输卵管不孕患者明显增多,主要表现在子痫前期、前置胎盘及先兆流产3个方面,而与卵巢型EMs无统计学差异。     

输卵管远端积水对体外受精-胚胎移植治疗效果的影响

目的:探讨输卵管远端积水对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)治疗结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析2013年1~12月就诊于本院生殖中心,选取单侧输卵管远端积水且对侧阻塞或双侧输卵管远端积水且未经处理直接行IVF-ET的患者54例为积水组,双侧输卵管近端梗阻且无积水直接行IVF-ET的患者93例为对照组,比较两组患者的一般情况、超促排卵治疗情况和妊娠结局。结果:两组患者的一般情况及超促排卵治疗情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的受精率、优质胚胎率、胚胎种植率、妊娠率、活产率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),但是积水组的卵裂率(93.64%)低于对照组(96.47%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:输卵管远端积水可能并不影响IVF-ET的妊娠率和活产分娩率,但可能降低卵子质量,从而影响受精卵的卵裂。     

体外受精—胚胎移植前切除积水输卵管的意义

目的探讨体外受精-胚胎移植 (in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer,IVF-ET) 前切除积水的输卵 管的意义。方法回顾性分析因输卵管积水导致不孕而要求接受IVF-ET的32例患者,其中17例病人在 IVF-ET切除了积水的输卵管,共接受IVF-ET27个周期,为观察组;有15例病人未切除积水输卵管,共接 受IVF-ET26个周期,为对照组。比较两组病人卵巢对超排卵的反应、受精率、卵裂率、累计胚胎评分(cumula tive embryo score,CES)、胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率。结果观察组受精率、卵裂率、胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率分别 为76.9％、75.0％、11.6％、33.9％,均显著地高于对照组的69.2％、66.7％、2.3％、7.7％,P＜0.05;观察组CES 为(43.4±11.2),非常显著地高于对照组(36.6±13.1),P＜0.01;观察组和对照组的获卵数分别为(13.1±9.7) 个和(12.9±8.2)个,无显著差异。结论IVF-ET前切除积水的输卵管可改善IVF-ET的结局,并且不影响 卵巢对超排卵的反应。     

支原体对输卵管性不孕患者体外受精与胚胎移植结局的影响

目的 :探讨输卵管不孕患者中宫颈解脲支原体 ( UU)感染对体外受精与胚胎移植 ( IVF-ET)结局的影响。方法 :回顾性分析本中心于 1 999年 3月～ 2 0 0 0年 1月因输卵管因素不孕进行常规IVF-ET治疗的患者 ,据宫颈分泌物 UU培养的结果及药物治疗后的结果分为 :2 5 7周期的 UU阴性组 ( A组 )、3 6周期的 UU治疗后转阴组 ( B组 )和 5 0周期 UU治疗后仍阳性组 ( C组 )。比较各组间受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率、种植率、异位妊娠发生率和流产率 ,行统计学分析。结果 :三组间受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、临床妊娠率、种植率和流产率差异无统计学意义 ( P>0 .0 5 ) ,但 C组异位妊娠发生率较 A和 B组高 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :IVF-ET中 ,输卵管因素不孕患者的宫颈分泌物 UU阳性 ,异位妊娠的发生率有增高趋势 ,但对胚胎发育、临床妊娠率、种植率及流产率无显著影响 ,经药物治疗 UU转阴后则对 IVF的结局无影响。     

Influence of various tubal surgeries to serum antimullerian hormone level and outcome of the subsequent IVF-ET treatment

Abstract

Objective: To compare the influence of various tubal surgeries to ovarian reserve via serum level of antimullerian hormone (AMH) and the subsequent in vitro fertilization and embryo transplantation (IVF-ET) outcome in patients with simple tubal infertility.

Study design: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 134 IVF cycles undegone by 26 and 34 cases with bilateral and unilateral salpingectomy, respectively, 23 cases with bilateral oviducts interrupted in the proximal and 51 cases with bilateral oviducts obstruction without intervention as controls.

Results: Serum AMH displayed its great superiority to traditional markers of ovarian reserve in correspondence with antral follicles count and decisive effect for the number of oocytes retrieved after stimulation in each group. No significant differences on ovarian reserve and responsiveness or IVF-ET outcome existed among four groups comparable on essential characteristics, except for numerically higher clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate after various tubal surgeries versus no intervention for bilateral oviducts obstruction. Especially, bilateral salpingectomy precursed the statistically highest implantation rate (51.0% versus 28.0%, 39.1%, 30.4%) and numerically best IVF outcome.

Conclusion: Tubal surgical procedures have some beneficial effect for improving IVF outcome without significant impact on ovarian reserve or responsiveness. Bilateral salpingectomy appears to be an appropriate procedure before IVF treatment for bilateral salpingitis, especially hydrosalpinx.     

Impaired implantation after in vitro fertilisation treatment associated with hydrosalpinx

Objective To study whether the presence of hydrosalpinx affected success after in vitro fertilisation (IVF) in women with inflammatory tubal damage.
Design Retrospective, nonrandomised study.
Setting University private IVF clinic with complete fertility services.
Participants Two study groups (79 women with hydrosalpinges and 198 women with inflammatory tubal damage but no hydrosalpinx) and a third group (22 sterilised, previously fertile women) for comparison.
Main outcome measures Clinical pregnancy and livebirth rates per embryo transfer cycle; implantation and live baby rates per individual embryo transferred.
Results The hydrosalpinx group had a significantly lower implantation rate per embryo (8.2%) and chance of a live baby per embryo transferred (5.6%), compared with the nonhydrosalpinx group (14.9% and 11.2%, respectively). The hydrosalpinx group also had a lower clinical pregnancy rate (23%) and live birth rate per transfer cycle (17%) compared with the nonhydrosalpinx group (30% and 26%), but these differences were not significant.
Conclusions The presence of a hydrosalpinx halves the chance of an embryo implanting, probably due to physical or toxic chemical effects of fluid draining from the hydrosalpinx into the uterine cavity. Women with hydrosalpinges may benefit from distal salpingostomy or salpingectomy as a drainage procedure before in vitro fertilisation treatment, even though such surgery may not increase the chances of natural conception.     

Proximal Fallopian Tubal Embolization by Interventional Radiology prior to Embryo Transfer in Infertile Patients with Hydrosalpinx: A Prospective Study of an Off-label Treatment

Study ObjectiveTo evaluate in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes of proximal fallopian tube embolization by interventional radiology compared with laparoscopic salpingectomy before embryo transfer (ET) in patients with hydrosalpinx.DesignA single-center, off-label, nonrandomized prospective study.SettingAcademic university hospital.PatientsOne hundred fifty-five patients with hydrosalpinx were identified on ultrasound or hysterosalpingography desiring IVF between April 2016 and December 2017.InterventionsRadiologically guided tubal occlusion with embolization microcoils (RTO-EM) and laparoscopic salpingectomy.Measurements and Main ResultsOf the 155 analyzed patients, 42 were treated with RTO-EM and 113 with laparoscopic salpingectomy. The subsequent IVF outcomes, including implantation, clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, and ongoing pregnancy (i.e., a fetal heartbeat on ultrasound beyond 10 weeks) were compared between the 2 groups. Implantation and clinical pregnancy per ET cycle in the RTO-EM group were similar to that of the salpingectomy group (26.7% vs 30.2% [p = .51] and 39.0% vs 45.3% [p = .40], respectively), with a similar miscarriage rate. There was no statistically significant difference in ectopic pregnancies between the 2 groups. Moreover, no difference was detected in ongoing pregnancy per cycle between the 2 groups (33.9% vs 41.2%; p = .32). The ongoing-pregnancy rate per patient following RTO-EM was 47.6% (20 of 42) compared with 61.9% (70 of 113) following salpingectomy (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.27–1.14; p = .11).ConclusionPregnancy in the RTO-EM group was comparable to the salpingectomy group in patients with hydrosalpinx before ET treatment. RTO-EMs may be an alternative to salpingectomy for patients with hydrosalpinx planning for IVF-ET.     

Ovarian pregnancy resulting from cornual fistulae in a woman who had undergone bilateral salpingectomy

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of ovarian pregnancy following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment for which the cornual fistulae was the most probable explanation of the cause. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University department and assisted reproduction unit. PATIENT(S): A 29-year-old woman with primary infertility. INTERVENTION(S): Hydrosalpinx of the bilateral fallopian tubes has been noted in patients who have decreased pregnancy rates in the IVF-ET treatment cycles. Salpingectomy before IVF cycles has been suggested to increase the pregnancy rate. We report a patient who presented with bilateral hydrosalpinx for whom bilateral salpingectomy was performed before IVF treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Clinical pregnancy. RESULT(S): The treatment cycle resulted in a primary ovarian pregnancy and required laparoscopic operation. A cornual fistulae was found that have might led to ectopic implantation of the embryos. CONCLUSION(S): Ovarian pregnancy may be an unexpected complication of those receiving bilateral salpingectomy before IVF treatment. The presence of cornual fistulae after salpingectomy was probably the cause of the ectopic pregnancy.     

Hydrosalpinx – Salpingostomy,salpingectomy or tubal occlusion

Tubal factors account for approximately 25% of cases of infertility, and the most severe manifestation of tubal disease is hydrosalpinx, accounting for 10–30% of tubal diseases. Hydrosalpinx is a distension or dilatation of the fallopian tube in the presence of a distal tubal occlusion, and the most common cause is pelvic inflammatory disease. Women with hydrosalpinges have lower implantation and pregnancy rates in assisted reproductive technology (ART), due to a combination of mechanical and chemical factors thought to disrupt the endometrial environment. Current guidance is removal of the tube by salpingectomy (preferably laparoscopically) before IVF treatment. Salpingostomy, or distal tubal plastic surgery in the management of hydrosalpinx, is an alternative for women desiring natural conception, although ectopic pregnancy rates as high as 10% have been reported. Proximal tubal occlusion with Essure^® devices placed hysteroscopically can be considered particularly in cases of distorted pelvic anatomy or pelvic adhesions making abdominal surgery complex. However, low clinical pregnancy and live birth rates have been reported with the use of these devices before IVF. In this review, we discuss salpingostomy, salpingectomy and tubal occlusion as possible management options for the reproductive women with hydrosalpinx.     

The relationship of sperm DNA fragmentation index with the outcomes of in-vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer and intracytoplasmic sperm injection

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and the outcomes of in-vitro fertilisation-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Sperm DFI in 116 patients for IVF and 63 patients for ICSI were detected with acridine orange test (AOT), and all the cases were divided into DFI ≤ 30% group and DFI > 30% group according to the DFI value; then, the relationship of DFI with the outcomes of IVF/ICSI were analysed. Both in IVF and ICSI cycles, good embryo rate and spontaneous abortion rate in DFI > 30% group were significantly different from that in DFI ≤ 30% group, meanwhile, the fertilisation rate and cleavage rate were similar in two groups. In ICSI cycles, there was a significantly negative correlation between the DFI value and the rates of embryo implantation and pregnancy; the couples with DFI > 30% had significantly lower embryo implantation rate and pregnancy rate than the ones with DFI ≤ 30%. The receiver operating characteristics curve analysis demonstrated that the DFI value were statistically significant predictors of pregnancy. It is concluded that DNA-damaged sperm could have a potential adverse effect on embryo quality and progression of pregnancy as well as the outcomes of ICSI.