维生素D受体基因BsmI多态性与儿童佝偻病的关系研究

目的研究维生素D受体(VDR)基因BsmI多态性分布，以及与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的关系,探讨其遗传易感性。方法对象为41例维生素D缺乏性佝偻病患儿和68例健康对照组儿童，均为山西籍汉族儿童，应用聚合酶链反应 限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR RFLP)等技术测定VDR基因BsmI多态性,比较两组基因型和等位基因的分布频率，并用Hardy Weinberg遗传平衡检验方法进行基因分布遗传平衡吻合度检验。结果佝偻病患儿组Bb、bb基因型分布频率分别为14.6%和85.4%，健康对照组儿童Bb、bb基因型分布频率分别为19.1%、80.9%。病例组等位基因B、b分布频率分别为7.35%、92.7%，对照组等位基因B、b分布频率分别为9.6%、90.4%，佝偻病组和正常对照组VDR基因型Bb、bb分布频率和等位基因分布频率间没有显著性差异。BsmI多态性分布极不平衡，bb型最多占80.9%，b位点占90.4%，是优势基因。结论VDR基因BsmI酶切位点多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病发病无明显相关性。     

维生素D受体基因多态性与佝偻病关系的研究

探讨维生素D受体基因多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病（佝偻病）遗传易感性的关系。方法 　应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP ）分析技术检测2003年10月至2004年10月159例佝偻病患儿和78名健康儿童（对照组）VDR基因BsmⅠ位点的多态性,比较两组之间VDR基因型和基因分布。结果　 佝偻病患儿和对照组儿童的VDR基因Bsm I位点基因型分布分别为：BB（0％）,Bb（15.7％）,bb（84.3％）和BB（0％）,Bb（11.5％）,bb（88.5％）,两组 间差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）;佝偻病患儿和对照组儿童的VDR基因Bsm I位点等位基因分布分别为：B（7.9％）,b（92.1％）和B（5.8％）,b（94.2％）, 两组间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论　VDR基因BsmⅠ酶切位点的多态性与维生素D缺乏性佝偻病的遗传易感性相关关系尚须大样本进一步确定。     

维生素D受体基因多态性与多囊卵巢综合征Meta分析

目的 探讨维生素D受体(vitamin D receptor,VDR)基因多态性与多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)发生的关系。方法 采用Meta分析方法,计算机检索MEDLINE、PREMEDLINE、Cochrane Library、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据库)等,收集有关病例对照研究或队列研究,由两位研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和方法学质量评价后,采用Rev Man 5.3和Stata14.0软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入12个研究。Meta分析结果显示,对于VDR Fok I rs10735810(CT)和VDR Tru9I rs757343(GA)多态性,PCOS组与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。对于VDR Apa I rs7975232(AC)多态性的研究发现,显性模型(AA+AC vs.CC)(OR 0.88;95%CI 0.74~1.05;P=0.008)和等位基因频率(A vs.C)(OR 0.84;95%CI 0.74~0.95;P=0.004)在PCOS组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义。对于VDR Bsm I rs1544410(AG)多态性的研究发现,等位基因频率(A vs.G)(OR 0.86;95%CI 0.74~0.99;P=0.04)在PCOS组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义。对于VDR Taq1 rs731236(TC)多态性的研究发现,显性模型(TT+TC vs.CC)(OR 0.78;95%CI0.62~0.99;P=0.04)在PCOS组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义。结论 VDR Fok I和VDR Tru9I多态性与PCOS发病无关,VDR Apa I,VDR Bsm I及VDR Taq1多态性与PCOS发病可能相关。     

转录因子Ets差异基因5(ETV5)基因多态性与非梗阻性无精子症相关性研究

目的:探讨转录因子Ets差异基因5(ETV5)基因多态性与非梗阻性无精子症的易感性的相关性。方法:应用Sequenom MassArray质谱阵列技术对368例已生育的汉族男性人群(对照组)和361例汉族男性非梗阻性无精子症(病例组)ETV5基因的5个标签单核苷酸多态(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点(rs12631658,rs6444106,rs7430047,rs7433760,rs9824882)进行基因型检测。应用Plink1.07软件对数据资料进行统计分析,比较对照组与病例组最小等位基因频率(MAF)及基因型差异,运用Haploview软件对ETV5基因进行单体型分析。结果:ETV5基因5个标签SNP的等位基因频率、基因型分布组间比较均无统计学差异(P0.05),进一步的单体型分析亦未显示有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:ETV5基因5个标签SNP位点多态性与汉族男性非梗阻性无精子症的发生可能不相关。     

多巴胺D2受体基因启动子区多态性与慢性抽动障碍的相关研究

摘要：目的　探讨多巴胺D2受体（dopamine D2 receptor,DRD2）基因启动子区A-241G多态性位点与慢性抽动障碍是否存在相关性。方法　2004年1月至2005年10月中国医科大学盛京医院发育儿科门诊确诊的84例慢性抽动障碍患儿为研究对象,以同期来院体检健康的100名儿童为对照,均取得知情同意。提取静脉血白细胞基因组DNA,采用等位基因特异性扩增技术检测DRD2基因启动子区A-241G多态性位点的基因型,分析该多态性位点等位基因、基因型频率。结果　DRD2基因启动子区A-241G多态性位点的基因型频率、等位基因频率在慢性抽动障碍组和对照组间差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。将样本按性别进行分组比较后发现,慢性抽动障碍组和对照组不同性别基因型、等位基因频率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论　DRD2基因启动子区A-241G多态性可能与慢性抽动障碍无相关性,仍需进一步研究。     

肿瘤坏死因子基因多态性与新疆南部地区维吾尔族妇女子宫颈癌相关性研究

目的:探讨肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)基因多态性与新疆南部维吾尔族妇女子宫颈癌易感性的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)的方法检测111例维吾尔族子宫颈癌患者和100例健康对照者TNFα基因启动子区308位点及TNFβ基因第一内含子252位点的基因型以及等位基因频率,分析两位点基因多态性与维吾尔族子宫颈癌遗传易感性的关系。结果:子宫颈癌患者TNFα-308 G/A杂合子基因型频率显著高于健康对照组(48.6%vs 18%,P0.01);等位基因A的频率高于健康对照组(61.3%vs 19%,P0.01)。同时发现TNFα-308在新疆维吾尔族子宫颈癌组织中,分化程度越低,G/A基因型所占的比例越高(P0.05),而不同临床分期与TNFα-308基因型的分布差异无显著性;TNFβ-252位点基因型以及等位基因频率与健康对照组相比较差异无显著性(P0.05)。TNFβ-252位点基因多态性与子宫颈癌不同临床分期、分化程度之间差异无显著性(P0.05)。结论:TNFα-308位点基因多态性与维吾尔族子宫颈癌的发生具有相关性,A等位基因可能是维吾尔族子宫颈癌的遗传易感基因,G/A杂合子基因型个体较易患子宫颈癌;TNFβ-252位点多态性与维吾尔族子宫颈癌易感性无关。     

1477例孕妇VDR基因FokI位点多态性与25-羟维生素D的相关性研究

目的:研究孕妇VDR基因FokI位点多态性与25-羟维生素D的相关性。方法:随机抽取2016年6月至2018年12月于温州市中心医院产检的1477例孕妇作为研究对象。PCR-焦磷酸测序法检测VDR基因FokI位点多态性,ELISA法检测血清25-羟维生素D水平,分析两者的相关性。结果:1477例孕妇中,VDR基因Fok I位点TT、TC、CC基因型分别有353例(23.90%)、702例(47.53%)和422例(28.57%)。TT、TC、CC基因型组的血清25-羟维生素D平均浓度分别为(30.93±9.42)nmol/L、(41.32±8.43)nmol/L和(51.34±9.82)nmol/L,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:孕妇VDR基因多态性Fok I位点与血清25-羟维生素D水平有相关性,TT基因型的血清25-羟维生素D浓度最低,CT型次之。建议孕妇行VDR基因FoK I多态性及血清25(OH)维生素D水平检测,个体化补充维生素D,预防新生儿先天性佝偻病的发生。     

巨噬细胞移动抑制因子-173位点单核苷酸多态性与子宫内膜异位症关系的研究

目的:检测子宫内膜异位症患者和非子宫内膜异位症患者巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)-173位点单核苷酸多态性,探讨MIF-173位点G/C多态性与子宫内膜异位症遗传易感性的关系.方法:应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析技术,检测湖南汉族子宫内膜异位症患者70例(内异症组)及非子宫内膜异位症患者88例(对照组)MIF-173酶切位点单核苷酸多态性,并进行MIF基因分型.结果:①MIF-173位点GG,GC,CC基因型在内异症组和对照组中的分布频率分别为57.14%,25.72%,17.14%和72.73%,22.73%,4.54%,两组组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②G、C等位基因频率在内异症组中的分布频率分别为70.00%,30.00%;在对照组中分别为84.09%,15.91%,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.003).③MIF-173CC基因型在内异症组中的分布频率(17.14%)明显高于对照组(4.54%)(OR=4.345,95%CI 1.335～14.140,P=0.009).结论:MIF-173位点单核苷酸多态性与湖南汉族人群子宫内膜异位症的遗传易感性相关,其CC基因型可能是其易感基因.     

PRDM9基因多态性与汉族男性精子发生障碍相关性研究

目的:探讨PRDM9基因多态性与精子发生障碍的关系。方法:应用Sequenom MassArray质谱阵列技术对377例已生育的汉族男性人群(对照组)和309例汉族男性精子发生障碍患者(包括199例非梗阻性无精子症和110例严重少弱精子症,病例组)PRDM9基因的2个标签单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点(rs1874165,rs2973631)进行基因型检测。应用Plink 1.03软件对数据资料进行统计分析,比较对照组与病例组等位基因频率及基因型显性/隐性模式的差异。结果:PRDM9基因2个标签SNPs的等位基因频率在对照组与病例组间无统计学差异(P>0.05),进一步对2个位点的基因型显性模式和隐性模式分析也未显示统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:PRDM9基因rs1874165,rs2973631多态性与汉族男性精子发生障碍可能无相关性。     

CYP1A1 MspI多态性及其合并GSTM1基因缺失与子宫内膜异位症的关系

目的:探讨新疆维吾尔族、汉族人群中解毒酶细胞色素P4501A1(CYP1A1)基因MspI多态性、CYP1A1/MspI合并GSTM1基因缺失基因型与子宫内膜异位症(内异症)的关系。方法:用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性技术,检测维吾尔族107例正常妇女与41例内异症患者、汉族105例正常妇女与80例内异症患者CYP1A1基因限制性内切酶MspI位点的3种基因型的分布频率。结果:CYP1A1基因MspI位点基因型在维吾尔族正常对照组的分布频率为TT(48.6%)、TC(42.9%)、CC(8.5%),等位基因分布频率为T(70.1%)、C(29.9%),内异症组的基因型分布频率为TT(39.1%)、TC(46.3%)、CC(14.6%),等位基因分布频率为T(62.2%)、C(37.8%),差异无显著性(P>0.05);在汉族正常对照组基因型分布频率为TT(41.9%)、TC(46.7%)、CC(11.4%),等位基因分布频率为T(65.2%)、C(34.8%),内异症组基因型分布频率为TT(42.5%)、TC(51.2%)、CC(6.3%),等位基因分布频率为T(68.1%)、C(31.9%),差异无显著性。两个民族对照组之间与内异症组之间基因型频率与等位基因频率比较差异无显著性。在CYP1A1/MspI合并GSTM1(/)基因型的人群中,维吾尔族对照组与内异症组的基因型频率与等位基因频率分布比较均有显著差异(P<0.05),其TC+CC与TT比较,OR值为3.556(P<0.05)。汉族对照组与内异症组的比较无统计学差异。结论:解毒酶CYP1A1基因MspI多态性本身可能与维吾尔族及汉族内异症发病无关,而CYP1A1/MspI合并GSTM1(/)基因型可能与维吾尔族内异症发病有关。     

Analysis of vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms in Turner syndrome patients

Individuals with Turner syndrome (TS) have increased risk for autoimmune diseases, especially thyroid abnormalities. The function of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is influenced by several genetic polymorphisms which are associated with a susceptibility to a range of autoimmune diseases. Thus, we have hypothesized a possible relationship between thyroid abnormalities and VDR polymorphisms (ApaI/G1025-49T, TaqI/T1056C, FokI/T2C and BsmI G1024?+?283A) in TS patients. A case-control study was performed comprising 101 Brazilian women with TS and a control group consisting of 133 healthy fertile women without a history of autoimmune diseases. In TS group, 21.8% had Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Detection of VDR polymorphisms was performed using TaqMan system by real-time PCR. The χ(2) was used to compare allele and genotype frequencies between groups. Combined genotypes of VDR gene polymorphisms were assessed by the haplotype analysis. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Relatively similar VDR polymorphisms genotype and allelic frequencies in cases and controls were found, even when only considering the patients with thyroid abnormalities. Haplotype analysis showed that none of the VDR haplotypes were associated to thyroid diseases in TS patients. In conclusion, the results showed no association between VDR gene polymorphisms and thyroid abnormalities in Brazilian TS patients tested.     

ABCA1基因R219K与血脂及子痫前期易感性的相关性研究

目的探讨福建省汉族人群三磷腺苷结合转运子A1基因（ABCA1）R219K单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和子痫前期（preeclampsia）及其血脂水平的关联性。方法研究对象621例,包括对照组316例,子痫前期病例组305例。采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）法鉴定ABCA1基因外显子区R219K单核苷酸多态性并测定血脂水平。结果 ABCA1基因R219K位点K等位基因频率和RK＋KK基因型频率在子痫前期病例组明显降低,差异有高度统计学意义P〈0.001）。子痫前期病例组内RK＋KK基因型患者血清甘油三酯（TG）浓度低于RR基因型,而HDL-C浓度刚好相反,差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论福建省汉族人群ABCA1基因R219K中,K等位基因可能是子痫前期的独立的保护因子,其机制可能是通过提高血液中HDL-C水平,降低TG水平,从而降低了子痫前期合并血脂代谢紊乱的风险性。     

RELN基因单核苷酸多态性与儿童孤独症的关联分析

目的探讨汉族人群RELN基因单核苷酸多态性与儿童孤独症的关系。方法应用聚合酶链式反应和限制性片段长度多态性方法,测定孤独症患儿及正常儿童各30例的基因型和等位基因频率。结果 (1)两组exon6SNP基因型及等位基因频率差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)两组exon50SNP基因型及等位基因频率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 (1)exon6SNP与儿童孤独症相关;(2)exon50SNP与儿童孤独症无关。     

Association between XRCC1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and infertility with idiopathic azoospermia in northern Chinese Han males

X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) is a scaffold protein that plays a critical role in DNA base excision repair. To explore the association between XRCC1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and infertility with idiopathic azoospermia in a northern Chinese Han population, PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to genotype a SNP locus (rs25487) of XRCC1 in 112 patients with idiopathic azoospermia and 156 healthy controls. Furthermore, nucleotide sequences were sequenced. The results showed that, compared with GG genotype, the GA and GA + AA genotypes showed a significant association with an increased risk of idiopathic azoospermia (OR 2.119, 95% CI 1.245–3.606, P = 0.005), (OR 2.052, 95% CI 1.227–3.431, P = 0.006) respectively. Meanwhile, the A allele frequency was significantly higher in azoospermic patients than that in controls (OR 1.472, 95% CI 1.029–2.105, P = 0.034). The substitutions bring about an amino acid alteration: G → A changes the arginine residue into glutamine. In conclusion, the SNP locus rs25487 of XRCC1 could be a marker for genetic susceptibility to idiopathic azoospermia and the A allele might be a risk gene of idiopathic azoospermia in the northern Chinese Han population.The current study is to investigate the XRCC1 (X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and estimate their associations with idiopathic azoospermia in Northern Chinese Han population by using PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) method. This study reveals that SNP loci (rs25487) of XRCC1 gene could be a marker for genetic susceptibility to idiopathic azoospermia and the A allele might be a risk gene of idiopathic azoospermia in Northern Chinese Han population. Further research on this issue is still necessary.     

VDR FokI polymorphism and its potential role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus and its complications

The aim of the study is evaluating the associations of FokI vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and its relations with postpartum metabolic syndrome. In a cohort study, 303 women referred to outpatient clinic of Shariati Hospital. The VDR FokI genotypes were determined. All subjects were followed 6–12 weeks after delivery. The frequencies of Ff, FF, and ff genotypes were 30.4% (49), 63.4% (102), and 6.2% (10), respectively, in healthy pregnancies and 34.5% (49), 54.9% (78), and 10.6% (15), respectively, in GDM patients. The ff genotype was more common in GDM patients. Healthy individuals had higher frequency of F allele, suggesting that F allele may have a role in decreased incidence of GDM. Concerning the GDM risk factors, f allele had significant association with prepregnancy obesity and family history of diabetes. In postpartum follow-up, women who developed metabolic syndrome were significantly older with higher prepregnancy body mass index, had more family history of diabetes, and also their ff genotype was two fold more frequent. Our results indicate a meaningful association between FokI VDR genotypes and an increase risk of GDM in Iranian population as well as its effects on postpartum metabolic syndrome.     

2019年英国妇科内镜学会/英国皇家妇产科医师学会《妊娠期腹腔镜手术指南》解读

迄今为止,尚无妊娠期腹腔镜手术的临床指南。近期,英国妇科内镜学会（the British Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy,BSGE）和英国皇家妇产科医师学会（the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists,RCOG）制定了本指南,适用于妊娠期非产科腹部疾病的腹腔镜管理,包括妊娠期急性阑尾炎、急性胆囊疾病和良性附件肿瘤。指南建议只有具备专业腹腔镜技术并经常进行复杂腹腔镜手术的医生可行妊娠期腹腔镜手术。 浏览更多请关注本刊微信公众号及当期杂志。     

Epidermal growth factor receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 gene polymorphisms in endometrial cancer in a Japanese population

Endometrial cancer is associated with both EGFR and HER2 receptor activation. The EGFR and HER2 genes could be disease susceptibility candidate genes for this cancer. This study was conducted to investigate a possible association between EGFR and HER2 gene polymorphisms and endometrial cancer and the influence of these polymorphisms on the clinical outcome of endometrial cancer patients in a Japanese population. The authors compare the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the EGFR +2073 A/T and HER2 +655 A/G polymorphisms in 116 endometrial cancer patients and 213 controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. RFLP results were confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. Of the 116 patients, 76 (65.5%) could be followed up. Disease-free survival estimates were computed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences between survival periods were assessed using the log-rank test. No significant differences were observed in either genotype distributions or allele frequencies in the EGFR +2073 A/T and HER2 +655 A/G polymorphisms between endometrial cancer patients and controls. The stratification by histological types and staging failed to identify significant differences between endometrial cancer patients and controls. No statistical differences were noted between these polymorphisms and disease-free survival (Kaplan-Meier log-rank test P = .55 and .66, for the EGFR +2073 A/T and HER2 +655 A/G, respectively). These results suggest that the EGFR +2073 A/T and HER2 +655 A/G polymorphisms are not associated with endometrial cancer in a Japanese population. These conclusions are based on relatively small numbers and will require verification from additional independent studies.     

VEGF基因多态性与不明原因复发性自然流产发生风险相关性的meta分析

目的:评价血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因的多态位点与不明原因复发性自然流产发生风险的相关性。方法:检索Pubmed数据库、Medline数据库、Cochrane图书馆数据库、中国知网(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中有关VEGF基因多态性与不明原因复发性自然流产的病例-对照研究,对纳入的研究进行质量评价,采用Rev Man5.3软件进行数据分析。结果:最终纳入11篇文献对VEGF基因的-634G/C(rs2010963)、+936C/T(rs3025039)、-2578C/A(rs699947)及-1154G/A(rs1570360)4个位点进行评价,累计病例组1945例,对照组2074例。Meta分析结果显示,在VEGF基因的-634G/C位点,基因型CC发生复发性自然流产的风险高于基因型GG[P=0.03,OR=1.29,95%CI(1.03,1.63)];携带等位基因C妇女的发病风险高于携带等位基因G[P=0.02,OR=1.14,95%CI(1.02,1.27)]。+936C/T位点的CT、TT基因型及携带T等位基因发生复发性自然流产的风险高于CC基因型及携带C等位基因的女性[CT vs CC基因型:P0.0001,OR=1.40,95%CI(1.18,1.65),TT vs CC基因型:P=0.02,OR=1.72,95%CI(1.11,2.66),T vs C等位基因:P0.00001,OR=1.52,95%CI(1.30,1.78)];两组的-1154G/A、-2578C/A各基因型比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:VEGF基因-634G/C(rs2010963)、+936C/T(rs3025039)位点的单核苷酸多态性与不明原因的复发性流产发生可能相关。     

Association study between variants in LHCGR DENND1A and THADA with preeclampsia risk in Han Chinese populations

Objective: To evaluate the association between preeclampsia and three single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs13405728 in LHCGR gene; rs13429458 in THADA gene, and rs2479106 in DENND1A gene) which were identified to be genetic variants of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by genome-wide association study in Han Chinese populations.

Methods: A total of 784 northern Han Chinese women (378 controls and 406 cases) were genotyped for the three genetic variants by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to adjust the impact of prepregnancy body mass index, primiparas, and maternal age.

Results: No significant difference was found in the allele frequencies of the three genetic variants between cases and controls (p?>?.05), but genotype frequency of the SNP rs2479106 was significantly differ between cases and controls when analyzed under recessive models (p?=?.02). There was also a substantial difference in the genotype frequencies of the SNP rs13429458 between cases and controls under additive models (p?=?.01).

Conclusions: Genetic variants of PCOS (rs13405728 in LHCGR gene; rs13429458 in THADA gene and rs2479106 in DENND1A gene) may not be involved in the development of preeclampsia in Han Chinese women.