椎弓根螺钉内固定及后路植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的 观察腰椎滑脱症行椎弓根螺钉内固定及后路植骨融合术的疗效.方法 本组采用椎弓根螺钉将滑脱椎体提拉复位、椎板减压、后路植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症34例.从滑脱复位结果、融合的成功率、临床疗效以及并发症等方面进行评价.结果 术后随访4～60个月.滑脱椎体复位率由术前的(36.45±15.12)%恢复至术后的(8.24±4.11)%,(P＜0.05).32例达到骨性融合,融合率为94.12%;参照"0～9分临床疗效评分系统"进行评定,总体优良率为88.24%;发生并发症共9例,术中2例(硬脊膜撕裂1例,定位错误1例);术后7例(脑脊液漏2例,单侧坐骨神经痛5例,术后3个月内症状消失);未出现植骨块向后方脱出进入椎管、假关节、再滑脱、内固定松脱或折断等并发症.结论 腰椎滑脱症行椎弓根螺钉内固定及后路植骨融合治疗后腰椎滑脱复位率、融合率高,临床疗效满意.退变性腰椎滑脱者宜选用后路椎弓根钉固定加后外侧植骨融合术,峡部裂性腰椎滑脱者宜选用后路椎弓根钉固定加椎体间植骨融合术.     

后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定椎体间自体骨植骨术治疗腰椎滑脱症疗效观察

目的探讨后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定自体骨植骨术治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床效果。方法45名椎弓崩裂腰椎滑脱症病人行后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定自体骨椎间植骨融合术,病人全部为峡部断裂型,腰4滑脱20例,腰5滑脱25例,术后卧床两个月,戴支具下床活动6个月。结果随访12～48个月,平均16个月,椎体间融合率为99.6%,无断钉,复位无丢失,JOA评术后改善率为92.5%,椎间高度平均由术前3.5mm恢复至9.3mm。结论后路减压经椎弓根螺钉内固定椎体间自体骨植骨融合是治疗腰椎滑脱症的理想方法,复位内固定是基础,椎管彻底减压松解神经根粘连是关键,椎间隙植骨融合是手术效果的根本保证。     

经椎弓根内固定系统治疗腰椎滑脱症29例报告

目的　总结应用椎弓根螺钉内固定器械手术治疗腰椎滑脱的经验。方法　对 34例腰椎滑脱病人分别采用多种椎弓根螺钉系统进行手术复位固定 ,同时行减压、椎体间或后外侧植骨融合。结果　 2 9例病人获得随访 ,其中优 15例 ,良11例 ,优良率为 90 % ,神经根损伤 1例 ,螺钉断裂 2例。结论　经椎弓根内固定系统是治疗腰椎滑脱的有效方法 ,牢固的固定及植骨融合是取得满意疗效的关键。     

后路Cage在治疗腰椎滑脱中的应用价值

目的:观察经后路椎间Cage融合技术结合椎弓根螺钉内固定在治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床应用价值。方法:从2004年2月-2007年3月对26例腰椎滑脱症患者采用经后路椎间Cage融合和椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗。结果:26例患者椎间隙高度基本恢复,腰椎滑脱复位,滑脱角明显减少,JOA评分:优23例,良2例,一般1例,优良率达96.15%;临床术前积分为(7.22±1.24),随访为(13.66±1.04)。结论:运用Cage系统结合椎弓根螺钉内固定技术在治疗腰椎滑脱症上,复位效果好,植骨融合率高,症状改善明显,疗效满意。     

后路减压RF-Ⅱ复位内固定椎间融合术治疗35例腰椎滑脱症

目的：探讨后路应用RF椎弓根螺钉复位固定、减压、椎体间及后外侧植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法：对35例腰椎滑脱症患者行后路椎管减压,RF椎弓根螺钉系统复位固定,椎体间及后外侧植骨融合。结果：随访15年,临床疗效优良率为97.14%,612个月X线片34例显示椎体间骨性融合,1例失败。结论：RF椎弓根螺钉复位固定、减压、椎体间及后外侧植骨融合是治疗腰椎滑脱症的有效方法     

后路单枚cage与椎体间植骨加椎弓根螺钉系统固定治疗腰椎滑脱症的比较

目的:比较单枚椎间融合器(cage)与椎体间植骨附加椎弓根螺钉系统治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效.方法:77例腰椎滑脱症患者中,峡部裂性滑脱37例,退行性滑脱35例,创伤性滑脱2例,腰椎后路减压术后滑脱3例.根据治疗方法不同分成2组,单枚cage加椎弓根螺钉系统固定组(A组,26例),椎体间植骨加椎弓根螺钉系统固定组(B组,51例).对2组术前、术后和随访时JOA评分、滑脱率、复位率、椎间隙高度、植骨融合率及并发症进行对比分析.结果:77例术后随访时间1年10个月至6年4个月,平均2年9个月.A、B两组的恢复率分别是(53.8±12.7)%、(78.4±18.1)%(P<0.05).植骨融合率分别为92.3%、100%(P<0.05).A组并发症多于B组(P<0.05).结论:采用后路椎体间植骨结合椎弓根螺钉系统治疗腰椎滑脱症较后路单枚cage加推弓根螺钉系统固定有较好的疗效,并发症少,是一种安全、有效的治疗腰椎滑脱症的术式.     

RF-Ⅱ内固定器治疗腰椎滑脱症14例报告

腰椎滑脱症是引起腰腿痛的常见原因之一 ,经椎弓根钉内固定加植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症是近年来国内应用较为广泛方法之一。我院自 1 997年～ 2 0 0 0年 6月应用 RF- 内固定加植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症1 4例 ,取得良好的疗效 ,现报告如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料 :本组 1 4例中 ,男 9例 ,女 5例 ;年龄 2 7～ 6 4岁 ,平均 42 .8岁。 L4 8例 ,L56例 ,崩裂型 1 2例 ,退行性 2例 ,按 Meyerding分度 , °1 1例 , °3例 ,平均滑脱 2 6 .2 %,均有明确手术指征。1 .2　方法 :全部病例均作椎板减压 ,椎体后外侧植骨融合 ,RF- 内固定。术后卧床 3～ 4周 ,…     

双开窗椎间植骨椎弓根钉固定治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的 分析双开窗椎弓根钉内固定加椎间植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症的手术疗效.方法 2005年5月-2007年8月.联合采用后路双侧椎板开窗神经根减压、椎弓根螺钉复位固定和椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症患者36例,男12例,女24例,年龄36岁～78岁.滑脱节段:L3 1例,L4 22例,k5 13例.按照Meyerding分类:I度滑脱23例,Ⅱ度滑脱11例,Ⅲ度滑脱2例.结果 36例患者术后均获6个月～32个月随访.按JOA评分:优28例,良4例,中3例,差1例,优良率88.9%.术后x线显示所有病例均完全复位或基本完全复位.随访椎间融合好,内固定无松动.结论 采用后路双侧椎板开窗神经根减压、椎弓根螺钉复位固定和椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症临床疗效理想,能有效地解除神经卡压,滑脱复位后不容易丢失,植骨融合率高,并发症发生率低,是治疗腰椎滑脱症的理想方法.     

椎弓根钉内固定联合椎间融合器治疗腰椎滑脱8例

脊柱滑脱并非少见 ,对其治疗日渐引起重视 ,即往应用游离椎弓切除减压 ,以椎弓根螺钉系统复位固定 ,同时用碎骨条植入横突或椎体间融合治疗椎体滑脱 ,并发症较多 ,个别患者术中复位良好 ,但术后却发生螺钉断裂、拔出、松动或滑脱的椎骨复位后再滑脱 ,造成手术失败。我们针对以上情况应用椎弓根内固定系统联合TFC (threadedfusioncage)治疗腰椎滑脱症 8例收到了满意效果 ,报道如下。1　资料与方法1 1　一般资料 :8例中 ,男 3例 ,女 5例 ,年龄 2 8～ 6 7岁 ,平均 5 0岁。真性滑脱 2例 ;Ⅰ度滑脱 3例 ,Ⅱ度滑脱 5例 ;L4滑脱 2例 ,L5滑脱 6例…     

后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定及椎体间植骨术治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的讨论应用后路减压、椎弓根螺钉固定、椎体间植骨术治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症的临床效果。方法对32例峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症行后路减压、椎弓根螺钉复位固定及椎体间植骨术治疗。评价术后滑脱复位和椎间植骨愈合情况。结果随访6～24个月,平均14.6个月。术后6～12个月复查腰椎X线片,4例植骨区仍有透亮影,2例出现滑脱椎体复位丢失。结论椎弓根螺钉复位固定、后路椎体间植骨融合术治疗峡部裂性腰椎滑脱症疗效满意,植骨愈合率高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.