Hypermelanoses of the newborn and of the infant

This article discusses hypermelanoses present at birth or appearing in the first months of life. They may be transient or permanent, localized - as in café-au-lait spots - or segmental, or more rarely, complex or generalized. In most pigmentary diseases, physical examination, including Wood's lamp examination and a detailed history, is usually sufficient. Time of onset, distribution pattern, and associated clinical and sometimes histopathologic findings are helpful in differentiating these disorders. Recently, molecular diagnosis has become available for some rare entities, such as hereditary symmetrical dyschromatoses, but the bulk of nevoid lesions are not understood at the molecular level.     

On the physiology and biochemistry of the scalp and hair lipids

Analyses were made of the scalp and hair lipids of 67 test persons. These were the most important results: 1. Seborrhoea is caused on one hand by a high secretion performance of the sebaceous glands. A further cause is that a longer period of time passes before a constant lipid amount is established. 2. There was an average of 19.32% of free fatty acids in the scalp and hair lipids on the 1st day after the hair was washed, and 38.68% on the 10th day. These results allow an assessment of the physiological significance of microbial lipolysis outside the secretory ducts of the sebaceous glands. 3. On the hairy head the percentage of free fatty acids in the scalp and hair lipids is independent of the amount of lipids. Such a difference in the concentration of fatty acids as is found between seborrhoea oleosa and seborrhoea sicca on hairless skin can not be found on the hairy head.     

师生恋的伦理透析及应对策略分析

师生恋的背后可能是教师对学生诱骗、性骚扰、性侵的本质。师生恋也往往充斥着非法交易,因此社会各界不乐见师生恋带来的不良影响。国际上基本都禁止师生恋的发生,我国也须加强对师生恋的立法,加强对在校女大学生的保护。     

Recurrent necrosis of the skin and the mouth

A patient suffering from an unusual syndrome, in which the following triad was present, is described: (1) Recurrent necrosis of the skin and mouth; and necrosis following intradermal injection of saline. (2) Disappearance of the necrotic episodes following the administration of prednisone. (3) Mental retardation. This syndrome does not appear to have been previously reported.     

Punctate keratoses of the palms and soles and keratotic pits of the palmar creases

Punctate keratoses of the palms and soles and keratotic pits of the palmar creases are frequently confused. A prospective study of 283 patients revealed a prevalence of 11% and 3%, respectively, in a metropolitan county hospital dermatology clinic. Punctate keratoses of the palms and soles and keratotic pits of the palmar creases are similar in size, number of lesions per palm, aggravation by trauma, and predominance in blacks and in men. These entities are different in appearance, distribution, age at onset, prevalence, symptoms, and prognosis. Punctate keratosis of the palms and soles and keratotic pits of the palmar creases should be considered independent entities. To help eliminate confusion, we propose that punctate keratoses refer only to the hyperkeratotic papules scattered diffusely in the palms and occasionally in the soles and that keratotic pits of the palmar creases refer only the hyperkeratotic, conical depressions confined to the palmar creases.     

异常子宫出血与雌孕激素及其受体水平关系的探讨

目的:探讨雌孕激素及其受体水平与子宫异常出血的关系。方法:随机选取门诊异常子宫出血患者,采用化学发光免疫分析仪及试剂盒进行激素水平测定,同时行分段诊刮送病理检查及雌孕激素受体检测。结果:子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜不典型增生、子宫肌瘤、子宫内膜息肉患者E2含量明显高于对照组(P<0.05),子宫肌瘤及有排卵型功血患者P含量与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05,P<0.01),除有排卵型功血外,其他各种类型子宫异常出血患者的子宫内膜中ER、PR阳性率均明显高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05,P<0.01及P<0.005)。结论:子宫异常出血与E2、P水平及子宫内膜中ER、PR含量有明显相关性。     

Coagulation and fibrinolytic systems during the course of erysipelas and necrotizing fasciitis and the effect of heparin

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a grave infection of the skin leading to gangrene of the integument and often having a complicated and prolonged course. Studies on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis were done in 15 patients with NF and compared with 5 cases of erysipelas (E). In both conditions local fibrin deposition occurred initially in their course, but it was quantitatively more pronounced in NF than in E. Fibrinolysis decreased and stayed low at the site of NF up to 5 months (median) after discharge from hospital. Fibrinogen and activities of several plasma serine proteinases modifying coagulation were increased during the course of both diseases and even at the follow-up. Factor XII was decreased during the first week in E but a transient drop was present in NF only on days 3 and 4. The treatment of NF consists of high doses of appropriate antibiotics instituted early in its course. A beneficial effect of 300-500 IU heparin/kg/day was suggested from this open study. The hard induration preceding the appearance of skin gangrene was inhibited, if heparin was given early in the course of NF. We conclude that the enhanced fibrin deposition and vascular occlusions in the skin are the basis for most complications present in NF.     

阿维A治疗重症银屑病临床疗效与安全性评价

目的　评价阿维A治疗重症银屑病的临床疗效与安全性。方法　24例重症银屑病患者采用阿维A治疗,剂量为 20~50mg/d,平均疗程 4~8周。结果　治疗重症银屑病有效率为 79. 2%,其中斑块状寻常性银屑病、红皮病型银屑病、泛发性脓疱型银屑病、掌跖脓疱病有效率分别为 62. 5%, 75. 0%, 100%, 88. 9%;且阿维A治疗剂量与副作用间有相关性。结论　阿维A治疗重症银屑病临床疗效显著,长时间于临床监测下服用阿维A未出现严重的毒副作用。