GF—Ⅰ型消化道吻合器在经腹贲门癌切除术中的应用

探讨消化道吻合器在经腹行贲门癌手术中的应用。方法 通过国产GF-Ⅰ型 吻合器经腹贲门癌切除术37例回顾。结果 37例均一次吻合成功，术后出现吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄各1例。结论 消化道吻合器在经腹行贲门癌切除术中的食管-胃吻合或食管-空腹吻合可作首选，操作简便，省时，省力，吻合确切，可避免开胸打击，适应证广，正确熟练地使用，可降低并发症的发生。     

管状吻合器在食管癌颈部吻合中的应用

目的 探讨食管癌根治术中,食管胃颈部吻合中管状吻合器的应用方法。方法 回顾分析51例食管癌患者做食管癌根治术并用管状吻合器进行食管胃颈部吻合的结果。结果 术后吻合口瘘3例,无吻合口狭窄,无手术死亡和住院死亡。结论 管状吻合器颈部吻合术吻合完整快捷,明显地减少了手术操作时间和吻合口并发症的发生。     

GF-Ⅰ型消化道吻合器在经腹贲门癌切除术中的应用

目的　探讨消化道吻合器在经腹行贲门癌手术中的应用。方法　通过国产GF -Ⅰ型吻合器经腹行贲门癌切除手术 3 7例回顾。结果　 3 7例均一次吻合成功 ,术后出现吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄各 1例。结论　消化道吻合器在经腹行贲门癌切除手术中的食管 -胃吻合或食管 -空肠吻合可作首选。操作简便、省时、省力 ,吻合确切 ,可避免开胸打击 ,适应证广。正确熟练地使用 ,可降低并发症的发生     

国产吻合器用于中低位直肠癌保肛治疗67例临床观察

目的:为了探讨国产吻合器在中低位直肠癌保肛手术治疗中应用的可行性。方法:采用上海产GF-Ⅰ型管状消化道吻合器对67例中低位直肠癌患者行Dixon手术。结果:67例患者中,Ⅰ期愈合64例;吻合口瘘3例,均合并2型糖尿病。随访63例,随访时间15~36个月,无吻合口复发,控便功能满意,其中发生肝转移3例,盆腔复发1例。结论:国产消化道吻合器用于中低位直肠癌的保肛手术治疗简便、经济、安全、可靠,且效果满意,适宜于在基层医院推广应用。     

器械吻合在低位直肠癌保肛手术的应用

目的　探讨器械吻合在低位直肠癌保肛手术中的应用。方法　对 87例低位直肠癌患者用管状消化道吻合器行带结肠盲管之直结肠端侧吻合。结果　术后盆腔复发 5例 ,发生率 5 74% ,吻合口狭窄 3例 ,发生率 3 45 % ,吻合口漏 2例 ,发生率 2 3% ,均经保守治疗治愈。结论　采用吻合器行带结肠盲管之直结肠端侧吻合低位保肛术治疗直肠癌具有操作简便、安全、吻合成功率高 ,并发症少 ,提高患者术后生活质量的优点。     

食管癌手术手工吻合与管状吻合器吻合的疗效比较

目的 对食管癌手术采用手工吻合与管状吻合器吻合（加强／不加强）重建消化道方法的近远期并发症进行比较。方法 对近年我科接受食管根治术的300例病人的预后进行分析，其中手工吻合、管状吻合器单层吻合不加强、管状吻合器单层吻合浆肌层加强各100例，各组左颈部吻合各20例。结果 手工吻合组术后吻合口瘘6例（颈部4例），吻合口狭窄7例，死亡1例。管状吻合器单层吻合不加强组术后吻合口瘘1例（颈部0例），吻合口狭窄2例，无死亡病例。管状吻合器单层吻合浆肌层加强组术后吻合口瘘2例（颈部1例），吻合口狭窄5例，死亡1例。结论 单层机械吻合不加强操作简便、耗时少、创伤小，并发症少，值得推广。     

管状消化道吻合器在食管胃胸内吻合术中的应用

自1988年8月至1990年9月采用国产GF—Ⅰ型管状消化道吻合器对57例食管、贲门癌病例在癌肿切除后行食管胃胸内吻合术,术后无一例吻合口瘘的发生。作者认为,用管状消化道吻合器行食管胃胸内吻合术,具有钉合严密、牢固可靠,缩短吻合时间及降低吻合口并发症的发生率等优点,值得推广应用。     

器械吻合在低位直肠癌保肛手术的应用

目的：探讨器械吻合在低位直肠癌保肛手术中的应用。方法：对87例低位直肠癌患者用管状消化道吻合器行带结肠盲管之直结肠端侧听合。结果：术后盆腔复发5例,发生率5．745,吻合口狭窄3例,发生率3．45％,吻合口漏2例,发生率2．3％,均经保守治疗治愈。结论：采用吻合器行带结肠盲管之直结肠端侧吻合低位保肛术治疗直肠癌具有操作简便,安全,吻合成功率高,并发症少,提高患者术后生活质量的优点。     

食管癌贲门癌切除及食管(管状胃)胃侧侧吻合术

目的探讨食管癌、贲门癌切除、食管(管状胃)胃侧侧吻合术的治疗效果及应用前景。方法共有32例患者行此手术。贲门癌6例、食管癌26例;其中胸下段9例,胸中段12例,胸上段5例。术中按肿瘤手术切除原则常规游离食管及近端胃,切除肿瘤。行主动脉弓下吻合9例,经食管床主动脉弓上吻合10例,左胸左颈两切口4例,右胸顶吻合3例,右胸颈腹三切口6例。22例患者应用管状胃代食管,10例患者应用全胃代食管。行食管胃端端吻合+侧侧吻合术15例;食管胃端侧吻合+侧侧吻合术10例;胸下段食管癌患者行食管管状胃全侧侧吻合术7例。结果本组病例术后分期分别为Ⅱa期9例,Ⅱb期11例,Ⅲ期12例。全部病例手术顺利,术后未出现吻合口瘘,术后2周复查上消化道钡透及胃镜检查均见吻合口通畅、无狭窄,术后随诊0.5～2年不等,均未见吻合口狭窄。结论食管癌、贲门癌切除食管(管状胃)胃侧侧吻合术可降低吻合口并发症尤其是狭窄的发生,值得临床推广。     

国产吻合器用于中低位直肠癌保肛治疗67例临床观察

目的：为了探讨国产吻合器在中低位直肠癌保肛手术治疗中应用的可行性。方法：采用上海产GFI型管状消化道吻合器对67例中低位直肠癌患者行Dixon手术。结果：67例患者中，Ⅰ期愈合64例；吻合口瘘3例，均合并2型糖尿病。随访63例，随访时间15～36个月，无吻合1：3复发。控便功能满意，其中发生肝转移3例，盆腔复发1例。结论：国产消化道吻合器用于中低位直肠癌的保肛手术治疗简便、经济、安全、可靠，且效果满意，适宜于在基层医院推广应用。     

Management and results of proximal anastomotic leaks in a series of 1114 total gastrectomies for gastric carcinoma.

AIMS: The management of anastomotic leakage of the oesophago-jejunostomy after total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma was evaluated in a retrospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Over a 30-year period, a total of 1114 oesophago-jejunostomies were performed during total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. In 83 cases (7.5%) a leak of the oesophago-jejunostomy was diagnosed. RESULTS: Frequency of anastomotic leakage was independent of the type of reconstruction and of surgical radicality. Therapeutic management was conservative in 58 cases (69.9%), with placement of a naso-jejunal tube along the anastomoses and with percutaneous drainage of intraabdominal abscesses. In 25 patients re-operation with resuturing of the anastomoses or surgical drainage of an abscess was performed. Mortality was 11/58 (19%) after conservative treatment of the anastomotic leakage and 16/25 (64%) after re-operation. CONCLUSION: Conservative management with a naso-intestinal tube and percutaneous drainage of intraabdominal abscesses is realistic for anastomotic leaks. Re-operation results in a high morbidity and should only be considered when conservative management is not successful.     

Esophagojejunostomy through minilaparotomy after laparoscopic total gastrectomy

Although laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) has been accepted as a surgical option for the treatment of early gastric cancer, laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) has been adopted less often, because a more difficult surgical technique is required for reconstruction. To reduce the technical difficulties, we made some modifications to the functional end-to-end anastomosis technique and performed esophagojejunal anastomosis through a minilaparotomy. First, for easier handling of the esophagus, the first application of the linear stapler to create the esophagojejunal anastomosis was performed before transection of the esophagus. Second, the jejunal limb was anastomosed to the left side of the esophagus, which, compared with the right side, made available more free space, sufficient to operate the stapling device. Third, to close the entry hole and complete the gastrectomy concurrently, a linear stapler was applied through the left lower trocar. With this technique, the closure of the access opening was performed easily and was monitored directly through the minilaparotomy. We successfully performed LTG with Roux-en-Y reconstruction using our modified procedure in seven patients without any anastomotic complications. We believe our procedure is a secure and reliable method for reconstruction after LTG and will facilitate adoption of LTG as a surgical option for patients with early upper gastric cancers.     

进展期胃癌不同切除术式对辅助化疗耐受性的影响

目的比较不同胃癌根治术式对术后辅助化疗耐受性及完成率的影响。方法回顾性观察不同术式对进展期胃癌病例术后辅助化疗的影响,比较严重不良反应发生率、化疗终止原因、内镜下反流性食管炎发病率及吻合口病变情况。结果 327例可切除的局部进展期胃癌患者,其中全胃切除术式81例,近端胃切除85例,远端胃切除161例;术后化疗完成率分别为40.7%,21.2%及36.6%。近端胃切除组化疗严重不良反应发生率为48.2%,明显高于其他两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。导致近端胃切除组化疗不耐受的原因中,消化道不良反应所占比例为43.3%,尤其是呕吐反应的发生率为35.8%,明显高于其他两组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。近端胃切除组反流性食管炎及吻合口溃疡的发生率亦明显高于其他两组,差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论近端胃切除组病例术后化疗不良反应发生率高,化疗完成率低,而全胃切除术后辅助化疗耐受相对好,化疗完成率高,可提高胃上部癌的治愈率并降低复发率。     

国产KYGWA型一次性吻合器在贲门胃底癌中的应用

目的探讨国产KYGWA型一次性吻合器在贲门胃底癌中的应用。方法统计1998年1月至2008年5月实行根治或姑息性手术的贲门胃底癌患者593例,其中应用吻合器217例（吻合器组）,未用吻合器376例（手工组）。对两组的开胸率、吻合口瘘、肺部及胸腔感染、吻合口狭窄、近断端癌残留等方面的资料进行回顾性对比分析。结果吻合器组开胸率为21．66％,手工组为72．87％,吻合器组开胸率明显低于手工组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。吻合器组吻合口狭窄发生率4．15％,手工组20．74％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组在吻合口瘘、肺部及胸腔感染和近断端癌残留方面的差异无统计学意义。结论在贲门胃底癌切除术中利用国产一次性吻合器行消化道重建可以减少开胸率和吻合口狭窄发生率,且该吻合器价格低廉,具有临床应用价值,尤其适合经济欠发达地区医院的使用。     

Laparoscopic side-to-side esophagogastrostomy using a linear stapler after proximal gastrectomy

In order to improve anastomotic procedures, we performed laparoscopic side-to-side esophagogastrostomy, using a linear stapler, after proximal gastrectomy in two patients with gastric cancer located in the upper third of the stomach. The patients' postoperative courses were excellent. During postoperative recovery, the patients experienced very little pain, used no analgesic medications, and never experienced reflux esophagitis. This procedure is technically feasible and is an excellent option, given the less involved anastomotic procedure and better postoperative quality of life compared with these features in end-to-side anastomosis using a circular stapler. Received: February 2, 2001 / Accepted: April 24, 2001     

A prospective randomized trial of hand-sutured versus mechanically stapled anastomoses for gastroduodenostomy after distal gastrectomy

Background Although mechanical stapling is now an established alternative to conventional hand suturing for the construction of gastrointestinal anastomoses, its role in gastroduodenostomy remains to be defined. We compared the clinical outcome after mechanical stapling with that after hand suturing in patients who underwent gastroduodenostomy after distal gastrectomy.Methods From April 2000 through August 2001, a total of 187 patients with gastric cancer who received distal gastrectomy were randomly assigned to reconstruction by mechanically stapled or by hand-sutured gastroduodenal anastomoses.Results The baseline clinical characteristics were similar in the patients with mechanically stapled and those with hand-sutured anastomoses. There was no in-hospital mortality in either group. One patient (1.1%) in the mechanically stapled group (n = 92) and 2 (2.1%) in the hand-sutured group (n = 95) had anastomotic leakage. Anastomotic stenosis developed in 4 patients (4.3%) who underwent mechanical stapling, as compared with 6 (6.3%) who underwent hand suturing. Anastomotic bleeding occurred in 1 patient (1.1%) who under-went mechanical stapling and 1 patient in the hand-sutured group (1.1%). Mechanical stapling of the anastomoses was significantly quicker than hand-suturing of the anastomoses (median time, 14 vs 25min; p = 0.02). The two groups were comparable with respect to other outcome measures, including incidence of general complications, recovery of gastrointestinal function, duration of postoperative hospital stay, and radiological diameter of the anastomosis.Conclusion In patients with gastric cancer who undergo gastroduodenostomy after distal gastrectomy, mechanical stapling is quicker than hand suturing. These procedures are similar with respect to anastomotic complications and other outcome measures.     

Laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy using the EndoStitch and a circular stapler under a direct view created by the ENDOCAMELEON

Laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy using a circular stapler is associated with technical difficulties in the purse-string sutures used to insert the anvil head and in obtaining an adequate visual field to prevent rolling the mesentery and the wall of the jejunum on the mesenteric side into the anastomosis. To overcome these difficulties, we used the EndoStitch to create the purse-string suture and the ENDOCAMELEON to create the visual field to stretch the jejunum. After resecting the esophagus, purse-string sutures were placed using the EndoStitch. A total of five to six needle deliveries were performed. Next, the anvil head was inserted into the esophagus. The main unit of the EEA was inserted from the end of the resected jejunum. Then, the scope was changed to the ENDOCAMELEON. The main unit was slowly moved toward the anvil head. After making sure that the mesentery and the wall of the jejunum on the mesenteric side were not rolled into the anastomosis under the visual field created by the ENDOCAMELEON, the main unit was then fired. Thereafter, esophagojejunostomy was successfully completed. This technique was applied in 20 patients between April 2010 and May 2012. Laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer was completed in all 20 patients. No case required conversion to open surgery. Neither anastomotic leakage nor stenosis was observed. This method is simple and useful for laparoscopic esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.     

Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with a hand-sewn esophago-gastric anastomosis using a knifeless endoscopic linear stapler

Proximal gastrectomy has been applied for selected patients with early upper gastric cancer, because of its potential advantages over total gastrectomy, such as preserving gastric capacity and entailing fewer hormonal and nutritional deficiencies. Esophago-gastric anastomosis is a simple reconstruction method with an excellent postoperative outcome provided that gastroesophageal reflux is properly prevented. Following open surgery, the esophagus is anastomosed to the anterior stomach wall with partial fundoplication to prevent esophageal reflux. We developed a novel laparoscopic hand-sewn method to reproduce the anti-reflux procedure that is used in open surgery. The esophagus is first fixed to the anterior stomach wall with a knifeless endoscopic linear stapler. This fixation contributes to maintaining a stable field for easier hand-sewn anastomosis, and allows us to complete the left side of the fundoplication at the same time. This novel technique was used to successfully perform complete laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with a hand-sewn esophago-gastric anastomosis in ten patients, without any postoperative complications. No patient had symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux during a median follow-up period of 19.9 months. One patient developed anastomotic stenosis, and this was resolved with endoscopic dilatation. The mean percent body weight loss at 12 months after surgery, in comparison to the preoperative weight, was 10.4 %. Laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with an esophago-gastric anastomosis using our novel technique would be a feasible choice would be a feasible choice and would show benefit for selected patients with early upper gastric cancer.     

Side overlap esophagogastrostomy to prevent reflux after proximal gastrectomy

Background

No optimal method of reconstruction for proximal gastrectomy has been established because of problems associated with postoperative reflux and anastomotic stenosis. It is also important that the reconstruction is easily performed laparoscopically because laparoscopic gastrectomy has become widely accepted in recent years.

Methods

We have developed a new method of esophagogastrostomy, side overlap with fundoplication by Yamashita (SOFY). The remnant stomach is fixated to the diaphragmatic crus on the dorsal side of the esophagus. The esophagus and the remnant stomach are overlapped by a length of 5 cm. A linear stapler is inserted in two holes on the left side of the esophageal stump and the anterior gastric wall. The stapler is rotated counterclockwise on its axis and fired. The entry hole is closed, and the right side of the esophagus is fixated to the stomach so that the esophagus sticks flat to the gastric wall. The surgical outcomes of the SOFY method were compared with those of esophagogastrectomy different from SOFY.

Results

Thirteen of the 14 patients in the SOFY group were asymptomatic without a proton pump inhibitor, but reflux esophagitis was observed in 5 of the 16 patients in the non-SOFY group and anastomotic stenosis was observed in 3 patients. Contrast enhancement findings in the SOFY group showed inflow of Gastrografin to the remnant stomach was extremely good, and no reflux into the esophagus was observed even with patients in the head-down tilt position.

Conclusions

SOFY can be easily performed laparoscopically and may overcome the problems of postoperative reflux and stenosis.

     

直线型缝合器重塑管状胃在胸段食管癌手术中的应用

为了探讨使用直线型缝合器重塑管状胃在胸段食管癌手术中的临床应用价值,选取胸段食管癌手术患者72例,分为管状胃代食管组(36例)和传统胃代食管组(36例).比较两组患者术后1个月内吻合口瘘、肺部感染、心律失常、胸胃综合征、反流性食管炎及患者进食哽咽感等并发症的发生情况.两组患者均顺利完成手术.管状胃组无吻合口瘘发生,肺部感染3例,心律失常2例,胸胃综合征3例,反流性食管炎6例,进食梗阻感1例;传统胃代食管组吻合口瘘1例,肺部感染6例,心律失常6例,胸胃综合征14例,反流性食管炎20例,进食梗阻感2例.胸胃综合征及反流性食管炎的发生率管状胃组明显少于对照组.初步研究结果提示,使用直线型缝合器重塑管状胃代食管在胸段食管癌手术中应用,能使术后并发症发生率降低,提高患者术后生活质量,减轻经济负担,具有较好的临床推广应用价值.