安神补脑液对大鼠长期毒性的观察

目的 观察安神补脑液长期灌胃给药对大鼠所产生的毒性反应及严重程度, 提供毒副反应的靶器官及其损害的可逆程度, 确定无毒反应剂量, 以评价安神补脑液长期用药的安全性, 为拟定临床试验剂量及观察指标提供参考。方法 Wistar大鼠随机分为安神补脑液低、中、高剂量组(2.5、5、10 mL/kg)和溶剂对照组(灌服同容积蒸馏水 2 mL/100 g), 每组60只, 雌雄各半, 每天给药1 次, 每周给药6 d, 连续26周。观察大鼠的外观行为、体重、摄食量, 并分别于给药第13、26周末及四周恢复期结束进行血液学及血液生化学等各项指标检测及脏器系数、病理组织学检查。结果 长期连续灌胃给予安神补脑液, 对动物一般状态、行为活动和外观体征无明显不良影响;各剂量组的摄食量、体重、血液学及血液生化学指标与对照组比较无明显差别;给药3个月、6个月对动物各脏器组织位置、重量和脏器系数无不良影响, 但部分脏器重量有所增加, 各组动物脏器系数在正常范围内;病理结果显示对照组和安神补脑液高剂量组动物未见明显与给药相关的异常病理改变和毒性改变, 恢复期停药后未见延迟性毒性, 因此, 中、低剂量组动物各脏器组织无需进行组织病理形态学检查。结论 安神补脑液长期用药对大鼠未见明确的毒性反应, 停药后亦无延迟性毒性反应, 预期拟定的临床用药量为安全剂量。     

养心草安神颗粒对大鼠长期毒性研究

目的:观察养心草安神颗粒连续给药对大鼠的长期毒性反应及恢复情况,来评价长期服药的安全性,并为临床用药安全提供毒理学依据。方法:将成人临床拟用日剂量的80、40、20倍作为高、中、低剂量组,同溶媒对照组一起,对SD大鼠进行13周的给药期和2周的恢复期观察,测定大鼠的体质量、摄食饮水量、血液学指标、血液生化学指标、脏器系数及脏腑组织病理学检查。结果:给药期,各剂量组大鼠表现出活动倦怠,恢复期逐渐恢复正常;与溶媒对照组比较血液学指标、血液生化学指标和脏器系数均无统计学差异(P0.05),脏腑组织病理切片未见药物导致毒性病理学改变。结论:长期服用养心草安神颗粒对大鼠无显著毒性反应和延迟毒性反应,临床给药量安全。     

复方鬼辣椒根液的长期毒性实验

目的观察复方鬼辣椒根口服液(以下简称复辣液)对小鼠长时间给药可能产生的毒性反应,为临床应用提供毒理学依据。方法取复辣液分别相当于人日用量的60倍、30倍、15倍,经90天小鼠灌胃给药,观察给药过程中、给药末期及停药恢复期动物的一般状况,主要血液学、血液生化学和脏器病理组织变化。结果各实验期动物一般状况良好,体重、脏器主要血液学指标、血液生化学指标与空白对照组基本一致,对性别、体重无影响,解剖主要脏器未见明显内眼可见的病理性改变。结论该品长期服用无明显毒性,停药后未见药物延迟性毒性反应。     

蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊对大鼠的长期毒性实验

目的:观察大鼠口服蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊的长期毒性作用。方法:采用临床拟用剂量法(ACD法)以7.875、15.75、31.5g·kg-1·d-1生药(相当于临床用药剂量的15、30、60倍)连续灌胃给药12周,观察大鼠的生长发育、血液学、血液生化学、脏器系数、组织病理学变化及停药2周后上述指标的变化。结果:连续灌胃12周后,大鼠体重、行为活动、重要脏器系数、大鼠血液学和血液生化学指标与对照组比较均未见明显影响,主要脏器的病理组织学检查与对照组比较亦未见明显病理改变;停药2周恢复期大鼠各项观察指标与对照组比较,差异无显著性。结论:在本实验条件下,蛭龙活血通瘀胶囊对受试动物未见明显的长期毒性作用,表明该药具有良好的安全性。     

肝必康胶囊对大鼠的长期毒性试验研究

目的研究肝必康胶囊对大鼠的长期毒性。方法肝必康胶囊以19.2、9.6、4.8 g/kg剂量连续灌服24周,停药2周,分别称量大鼠体重,计算脏器系数,测定血液学和血液生化学指标,并做病理组织学检查。结果肝必康胶囊大、中、小剂量组动物的外观行为、体重、脏器系数、血液学和生化学指标与空白对照组比较均无明显差异;病理检查未见与药物毒性相关的明显病变,停药后也未见药物延迟性毒性反应。结论肝必康胶囊长期用药对大鼠无明显毒性,推论临床拟用剂量应是安全的。     

复方龙脉宁滴丸长期毒性实验研究

目的连续观察复方龙脉宁滴丸给药3个月的长期毒性及停药后蓄积性毒性反应。方法将120只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、高、中、低剂量组(0.13、0.39、1.7 g/kg),每组30只,每日给药一次,连续给药90 d,停药15 d,观察大鼠一般状况,对血液学指标、血液生化学指标、组织病理学、脏器系数进行检查,以评价复方龙脉宁滴丸长期用药的安全性。结果复方龙脉宁滴丸各剂量组对大鼠生长发育,一般状况、血液学指标、血液生化学、脏器系数、脏器病理均无显著影响。结论复方龙脉宁滴丸长期服用毒性很低,停药后无蓄积性毒性反应,服用比较安全。     

鸡矢藤环烯醚萜苷对大鼠的长期毒性试验研究

目的 观察大鼠长期口服鸡矢藤环烯醚萜苷(IGPS)所产生的毒性反应及停药后恢复情况,为临床应用提供理论和实验依据.方法 IGPS分别按280、700、1 750 mg/kg剂量给大鼠连续灌胃给药12周,分别相当于推荐人临床拟用剂量的40、100、250倍.观察给药期间及停药后2周大鼠的一般状况、体重变化、血液学指标、血液生化学指标、脏器系数和组织病理学等方面的变化.结果 IGPS连续灌胃给药12周,除高剂量组红细胞数量有一过性短暂升高外,余各剂量组的大鼠体重、血液学指标、血液生化学指标、脏器系数及各组织器官的病理形态与对照组比较均未见明显异常改变;停药2周后,各项检查均正常.结论 IGPS长期大量口服,对大鼠无明显损害.     

脑心舒软胶囊对大鼠的长期毒性实验研究

目的 观察脑心舒软胶囊连续给药后对大鼠的毒性反应.方法 SD大鼠分为脑心舒软胶囊高、中、低剂量组（分别为生药36、18、9g/kg）和空白对照组,每组20只.连续灌胃给药13周,观察大鼠一般状况、体重和摄食量变化.于末次给药后和停药两周后分别取部分大鼠,检测血液学指标、血液生化学指标、脏器系数及病理组织学改变.结果 与空白对照组比较,各给药组对大鼠的生长发育、血液学指标、血液生化学指标、脏器系数及病理组织学均无显著影响（P＞0.05）,恢复期未见药物引起的迟发性毒性反应.结论 脑心舒软胶囊相当于临床人用药剂量的15 ～60倍对大鼠长期给药,未见明显毒性不良反应.     

生血宁片对Beagle犬的长期毒性作用

目的:观察生血宁片对比格(Beagle)犬有无长期毒性作用。方法:Beagle犬按1 000、500和250mg蚕砂提取物/kg(20、10、5片生血宁片/kg)口服给药,相当于该品临床成人重度患者最大用量的100、50和25倍,每天1次,每周休息1d,连续给药180d,然后停药恢复30d。观察Beagle犬给药期间和停药期间出现的毒性反应症状,预测生血宁片可能引起的临床不良反应。分别称量动物体重,计算脏器系数,测定血液学和血液生化学指标。结果:生血宁片各剂量组动物的一般状况、体重、主要脏器系数、血液学指标,与正常对照组比较,均未见明显差异;病理检查未见与药物毒性相关的主要脏器组织形态学改变;停药后也未见药物延迟性毒性反应。结论:生血宁片长期用药无明显毒性,推测临床拟用剂量是安全的。     

复方参仲口服液的长期毒性试验

[目的]观察复方参仲口服液对大鼠长期毒性试验的影响。[方法]复方参仲口服液以43.0,21.5和8.6g生药/kg(为临床日剂量的50,25和10倍)给大鼠连续灌服13周,停药2周,分别测量大鼠体重,计算脏器系数,测定血液学和血液生化学指标,并作组织病理学检查。[结果]复方参仲口服液高、中、低剂量组大鼠的外观体征,行为活动,体重,脏器系数,血液学和血液生化学指标与空白对照组比较,均无显著性差异;病理检查未见与药物毒性相关的明显病变,停药后也未见药物延迟性毒性反应。[结论]复方参仲口服液长期用药对大鼠无明显毒性,表明临床拟用剂量是安全的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.