造口袋联合导尿管在回肠造口周围粪水性皮炎患者的应用

目的：观察回肠造口周围粪水性皮炎患者使用两件式造口袋收集和气囊导尿管引流粪水治疗的效果。方法：将45例回肠造口周围粪水性皮炎患者随机分成2组,观察组23例,使用20Fr气囊导尿管引流封堵造口,造口周围皮肤溃疡处喷洒造口护肤粉,两件式造口袋粘贴造口,导尿管尾端从造口袋的开口处向外伸出,连接引流袋,定时释放气囊压力和更换导尿管。对照组22例,使用20号气囊导尿管引流封堵造口,造口周围皮肤溃疡处喷洒造口护肤粉。比较两组患者7d内DET评分评估该部位皮肤的情况。结果：2组患者治愈率比较,差异有统计学意义,P〈0．01。结论：造口袋结合气囊导尿管应用于回肠造口周围粪水性皮炎引流治疗,能减少粪水对造口周围皮肤的刺激,促进伤口早日愈合。     

尿路造口袋在回肠造口术后早期使用的效果观察

目的 探讨尿路造口袋用于回肠造口术后早期收集粪水的可行性.方法 将100例预防性回肠造口术后患者随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组患者黏贴尿路造口袋接床边袋,对照组患者黏贴大便造口袋.比较两组患者造口袋的黏贴状况,有无渗漏;造口袋排放粪便次数;造口袋更换次数;造口周围皮肤状况.结果 观察组造口袋黏贴的时间明显长于对照组,具有统计学意义.造口袋排放粪便次数、造口袋更换次数、造口周围皮肤并发症明显少于对照组(P<0.05).结论 回肠造口术后早期使用尿路造口袋收集粪水,能延长造口袋的黏贴时间,减少造口袋更换次数和造口袋排放粪便次数,有效预防造口周围皮肤并发症的发生.     

水胶体敷料治疗回肠造口周围性皮炎的疗效观察

目的观察回肠造口周围粪水性皮炎患者应用水胶体敷料治疗的护理效果。方法选择2010年1月至2012年12月到我院造口科就诊的回肠造口术后出现造口周围粪水性皮炎患者98例,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组49例。对照组采用氧化锌软膏治疗,实验组采用水胶体敷料治疗。治疗后分别观察两组护理后1d、3d、5d的治疗效果。结果治疗后第1天,治疗组疗效与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后第3天和第5天,治疗组疗效较对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论水胶体敷料可以有效的促进回肠造口周围皮炎的恢复。     

湿润烧伤膏用于结肠造口周围刺激性皮炎护理的效果观察

目的：观察使用湿润烧伤膏护理结肠造口周围刺激性皮炎的护理效果。方法将60例直肠癌术后结肠造瘘后发生造口周围刺激性皮炎的患者随机分为两组,观察组和对照组各30例,两组给予常规护理后,观察组使用湿润烧伤膏涂擦,对照组使用氧化锌软膏涂擦,分别于用药后第1、3和5d 观察并比较两组患者皮炎愈合情况及疼痛缓解情况。结果在各个观察时间点,两组患者皮炎治疗总有效率比较有统计学意义（P 〈0.05）,观察组优于对照组;两组患者疼痛缓解效果比较（P 〈0.05）,观察组优于对照组。结论湿润烧伤膏用于结肠造口周围刺激性皮炎的护理,在促进皮炎愈合和缓解疼痛方面的疗效优于刺激性皮炎常用药氧化锌。     

皮肤保护膜联合造口粉治疗重症患者失禁性皮炎的疗效观察

目的：针对皮肤保护膜联合造口粉治疗重症患者失禁性皮炎的临床疗效进行观察与分析,为临床治疗失禁性皮炎提供一定的参考。方法：选取该院2014年1月1日至12月31日失禁性皮炎的重症患者80例,将其随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各40例。对照组采用常规的氧化锌软膏进行治疗,观察组采用3M皮肤保护膜联合造口粉进行治疗。对比两组的临床治疗效果与皮炎的愈合时间。结果：经过一定时期的治疗后,观察组治愈32例,有效6例,无效2例;对照组治愈24例,有效10例,无效6例,两组患者对比,差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。结论：皮肤保护膜联合造口粉能够有效的治疗失禁性皮炎,促进伤口愈合,有效的缓解患者的痛苦。此外还能够有效的减少护理人员的工作量,值得在临床中推广。     

造口护理粉联合液体敷料在造口刺激性皮炎患者护理中的应用

目的 研究造口刺激性皮炎患者采用造口护理粉联合液体敷料护理的临床价值。方法 选取2017 年1 月至2018 年8 月我院收治的造口刺激性皮炎患者108 例为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为观察组（造口护理粉联合液体敷料护理）和对照组（常规护理），每组各54 例。比较两组生活质量、观察指标、舒适度、临床疗效及复发率。结果 护理前两组生活质量比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；护理后观察组躯体疼痛、社会领域、总体健康及活力评分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组疼痛缓解时间、皮损愈合时间及会阴部皮肤评分均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组生理舒适、环境舒适及心理舒适评分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组治疗总有效率为96.29%，高于对照组的85.18%；观察组复发率为1.85%，低于对照组的12.96%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 造口护理粉联合液体敷料护理能提高造口刺激性皮炎患者的整体疗效、促进病情早期康复，并获得良好的治愈效果。     

造口袋局部剪裁+防漏贴环应用于小儿腹腔镜肠造口术后并发造口旁瘘的临床效果

目的 探讨造口袋局部剪裁联合防漏贴环应用于小儿腹腔镜肠造口术后并发造口旁瘘伴刺激性皮炎的临床效果。方法 选取接受肠造口术且术后并发造口旁瘘伴刺激性皮炎患儿66例为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,各33例。对照组对造口袋局部剪裁后进行护理干预,观察组应用造口袋局部剪裁+防漏贴环进行护理干预。两组均持续干预2周,比较干预前后两组患儿造口周围皮肤变化[造口周围皮肤评估工具(DET)]以及患儿主要照护者心理状况[焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)]。结果 干预后,两组患儿DET各维度评分及总分,主要照护者SAS、SDS评分均较干预前降低,且观察组上述评分均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组造口袋更换间隔时间为(1.08±0.35)d,明显长于对照组的(0.66±0.13)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患儿并发症总发生率为15.15%,低于对照组的36.36%(P<0.05)。结论 通过造口袋局部剪裁联合防漏贴环护理可有效提高肠造口术后并发造口旁瘘伴刺激性皮炎患儿造口周围皮肤的管理质量,改善患儿主要照护者的不良心理状况,临床效果显著,值得推广应用。     

目标管理在急诊肠造口护理中的实践与效果

目的探讨目标管理在病区急诊肠造口护理中的应用效果。方法将我院72例急诊肠造口患者按时间段分成两组,2011年7月至2012年6月36例未采用目标管理为对照组,2012年7月至2013年7月间36例施行临床护理目标管理为观察组,比较两组患者反复更换造口袋产生的费用、更换造口袋次数、并发症发生率、护士护理能力,患者家属自主护理能力及对护士护理的满意情况。结果观察组术后15 d内造口袋使用的费用及更换造口袋次数少于对照组,护士和家属自行护理的能力高于对照组,造口周围出现粪汁性皮炎的并发症低于对照组,观察组患者及家属对护理的满意程度高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在急诊肠造口护理中实施目标管理可起到积极的作用,减少并发症发生,减轻患者心理和经济负担,增强护士的积极性,提高患者满意度。     

造口治疗师全程护理干预在肠造口患者中的应用价值探讨

目的 探讨造口治疗师全程护理干预对肠造口患者术后并发症及生活质量的影响.方法 以2014年1月—2016年5月在我院进行肠造口的41例患者由造口治疗师实施全程护理干预作为观察组,以2011年6月—2013年12月在我院进行肠造口手术的40例患者作为对照组,比较2组患者术后并发症的发生率以及术后3个月的生活质量.结果 观察组粪水渗漏、粪水性皮炎、造口旁疝等并发症的发生率均低于对照组,2组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组躯体功能、心理功能、 社会功能评分高于对照组,2组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 造口治疗师对肠造口患者实施全程护理,可以降低肠造口并发症的发生率,提高患者生活质量.     

液体敷料治疗永久性膀胱造瘘术后刺激性皮炎的疗效观察

目的 观察液体敷料治疗永久性膀胱造瘘术后刺激性皮炎的效果.方法 将2011年7月～2013年12月南昌大学第二附属医院泌尿外科收治的27例永久性膀胱造瘘术后并发刺激性皮炎患者随机分为实验组14例和对照组13例,分别采用赛肤润和氧化锌软膏进行皮肤护理,比较两组患者皮炎创面治疗有效率及愈合时间.结果 实验组14例患者中,显效9例,有效5例,无效0例,有效率为100.0％;对照组13例患者中,显效6例,有效3例,无效4例,有效率为69.2％,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.实验组和对照组患者的治愈时间分别为（4.07±0.71）d、（5.38±1.24）d,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 将液体敷料用于永久性膀胱造瘘口周围刺激性皮炎的治疗,可显著促进刺激性皮炎创面愈合,缩短愈合时间.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.