钝顶螺旋藻多糖对辐射所致小鼠造血功能抑制的对抗影响

目的　观察钝顶螺旋藻多糖 (Spirulinaphatensispolysaccharide ,SPP)对辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的影响。方法　小鼠5Gy全身照射后 5、10、15d分别取材 ,作骨髓粒单系、红系造血祖细胞培养 ,造血干细胞集落测定 ,以及外周血常规计数等。SPP用量为 12 5mg·kg 1 ·d 1 ,ip,伤后连续注射 6d。结果　辐射损伤后骨髓有核细胞数、粒单系CFU GM、红系CFU E、BFU E及造血干细胞CFU S集落数均显著低于正常对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,但应用SPP后 ,上述各项指标数值 ,均比同伤情的不用药组显著提高 ,尤以伤后10d恢复最快 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　SPP对辐射损伤有明显保护和促进造血恢复的作用。     

E838对放烧复合伤造血功能防护效应的实验观察

目的 研究新型抗放药E838对放烧复合伤和单纯放射损伤造血功能的防护效果。方法 动物致伤前、后不同时间给予E838腹腔注射,观察其存活率和死亡动物平活日,并在用药后不同时间检测其外周血白细胞计数,骨髓有核细胞数（BMNC）、骨髓CFU－GM和CFU－S数。结果 E838预防用药能够明显提高损伤动物的30d存活率及平均活存时间;对造血功能的研究结果亦表明,E838预防用药能够减少伤后外周血白细胞、骨髓有核细胞数、骨髓粒－单系祖细胞数及GFU－S等计数的下降幅度,并促进其恢复。结论 E838对放烧复合伤和单纯放射损伤具有确切的预防效果,对损伤小鼠造血功能也有很明显的保护作用。     

肿瘤坏死因子—α对放烧复合伤粒—单系造血作用的实验研究

探索重组人肿瘤坏死因子－α对小鼠放烧复伤后粒－单系造血的调控作用以及烧伤，放射损伤对造血损伤的复合效应。方法：采用小鼠骨髓粒－单系祖细胞体外琼脂培养技术。结果；ＴＮＦ－α对正常小鼠粒－单系造血表现出明显的抑制作用，且呈剂量依赖性。结论：ＴＮ－Ｆα在体外培养体系中对放射损伤，烧伤及放烧复合伤粒－单系造血具有强烈的抑制作用，在体内则表现出一定的刺激作用。     

人工合成成骨生长肽对辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的保护作用

目的　探讨人工合成成骨生长肽 (sOGP)对辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的保护作用 ,阐明其剂量 效应关系。方法　以 4 .0和 7.5Gy13 7Csγ射线照射小鼠为模型 ,采用皮下注射和肌肉注射 2种给药途径连续 8d给予sOGP ,剂量范围为 0 .0 39～ 6 4 0nmol/(kg·d) ,观察外周血象、骨髓有核细胞数、骨髓粒系造血祖细胞集落形成(CFU G)、骨髓细胞分类和骨髓切片组织学等的变化。结果　sOGP能加快受照小鼠外周血白细胞、骨髓有核细胞数的恢复 ,在一定的剂量范围内呈明显的剂量依赖性 ,并能刺激髓外造血 ;促进 (CFU G)形成作用显著高于重组人粒系集落刺激因子 (rhG CSF)约 2倍 ;骨髓病理学观察显示sOGP能加快受照小鼠骨髓造血组织损伤的恢复 ,刺激骨髓粒系增生。结论　sOGP可明显促进受照射小鼠造血功能的恢复 ,其机制可能是通过作用于早期造血阶段或 (及 )改善微环境进而促进造血。     

E838对放烧复合伤小鼠造血功能的保护作用

目的：研究炔雌醇衍生物E838对放烧复合造血功能保护作用,同时与公认抗放效果较好的Nilestriol进行比较。方法：采用两种给药方案,在致伤后2－32d计数外周血白 细胞和骨髓有核细胞,进行骨髓造血祖细胞CFU－E和CFU－GM培养,观察造血功能的变化。结果：在本实验用药方案条件下,E838对放烧复合伤造血功能有保护作用,部分指标效果较Nilestriol要好。结论：E838是一种有开发价值的抗放药。     

儿童再生障碍性贫血骨髓祖细胞的测定和意义

目的通过对再生障碍性贫血 (AA)患儿红系 (BFU E、CFU E)、粒单核系 (CFU GM)及巨核系 (CFU Meg)祖细胞培养 ,了解骨髓祖细胞增殖情况。方法抽取 4 7例AA患儿骨髓分别作四类祖细胞培养 ,在 7、14d测定其集落数。结果 4 7例AA患儿中 ,四类集落数均值与对照组比较均有显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,且四类集落数均值在AA三种类型中 ,基本上随病情加重均值逐步下降 ,其中四类集落数低于对照组下限的患儿分别为BFU E 36 .17%、CFU E 85 .11%、CFU GM 74 .4 7%、CFU Meg 91.4 9 %。BFU E、CFU GM和CFU Meg随着患儿疾病的加重 ,低于对照组下限的患儿百分比同步上升 ,且三者的表现与外周血三系表现一致 ,而CFU E却未见上述现象。结论在部分AA患儿中存在着四类祖细胞培养集落数的下降 ,且基本上与患儿病情成正比 ;BFU E的变化较CFU E更能代表患儿骨髓红系祖细胞的变化。     

巴桑母酥油丸对放射线-化学复合损伤小鼠造血干细胞移植后重建造血能力的影响简

目的 研究藏药巴桑母酥油丸对放射线-化学复合损伤后机体骨髓造血干细胞功能的影响,探究其“补益”作用机制.方法 将经60Co γ射线照射＋环磷酰胺腹腔注射方法得到的放射线-化学复合损伤小鼠分为巴桑母酥油丸组、生理盐水组、空白组,分别灌胃巴桑母酥油丸、生理盐水及自然恢复14d后,将其骨髓作为供体移植给受致死剂量γ射线照射的同种受体小鼠,再检测受体小鼠外源性脾集落、骨髓造血祖细胞集落产率、骨髓细胞造血干细胞抗原-1（Sca-1）阳性细胞率,并与灌胃.结果 巴桑母酥油丸组的外源性脾集落、骨髓早期红系祖细胞集落（BFU-E）、粒-巨噬系祖细胞集落（CFU-GM）产率均显著高于空白组和生理盐水组（P＜0.05）,而晚期红系祖细胞集落（CFU-E）、巨核系祖细胞集落（CFU-Meg）、骨髓细胞Sca-1＋细胞率并不离于自然恢复的空白组（P＞0.05）.结论 巴桑母酥油丸可以提高放射线-化学复合损伤小鼠骨髓造血干细胞移植后造血重建能力,提示巴桑母酥油丸可经改善骨髓造血干细胞功能发挥其对放射线-化学复合损伤机体“补益”作用.     

TEP-87制剂对放烧复合伤小鼠造血功能的影响

健康小鼠受(60)~Co-γ线4Gy照射复合体表面积15％Ⅲ度烧伤。采用含生理需要量元素锌、铜、铁、赖氨酸、维生素B_1、B_2、C、D、叶酸及谷芽组合的TEP-87制剂,与主饲料(谷粉)按1∶9的比例配合,从伤前6天喂饲到伤后8天,通过观察骨髓粒系造血干细胞、外周血白细胞、骨髓有核细胞总数及T淋巴细胞非特异性酯酶染色阳性率,研究TEP-87制剂对造血及免疫功能的影响,结果证明;无论是单照伤或放烧复合伤,伤后1天TEP-87制剂对粒系造血干细胞有明显保护作用,伤后8天也表现出促进恢复作用。伤后1天白细胞总数也都保持在较高水平。但对骨髓有核细胞总数及T淋巴细胞非特异性酯酶染色阳性率,均未显示良好作用。TEP-87制剂对放烧复合伤小鼠造血的影响,可能是微量元素锌、铜、铁对造血干细胞增殖的刺激作用。     

高原缺氧条件下急性放射损伤造血系统变化特点的研究

目的：探讨高原缺氧条件下,急性放射损伤小鼠存活率和造血系统的变化特点。方法：小鼠模拟5000m高原缺氧3d后,接受6Gy一次性γ射线全身照射,照后继续在缺氧条件下饲养,观察其存活率。外周血指标,骨髓有核细胞数,血清TGF－β1和EPO的含量,CFU－GM和CFU－E集落形成能力的改变,实验动物血清对CFU－GM和CFU－E集落形成的影响。结果：发现模拟高原缺氧条件下可提高急性放射损伤小鼠的存活率,并在照射后第3天,表现为外周血红细胞和骨髓红系造血损伤较平原照射损伤为但外周血白细胞和骨髓粒系造血损伤则有所加重。结论：模拟高原缺氧条件,可使小鼠红系造血功能对急性放射损伤的抗性有所增强。     

TNF-α对放烧复合伤小鼠骨髓细胞IL-3R调节作用的研究

目的研究重组人肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)对放烧复合伤小鼠骨髓有核细胞(BMNC)IL-3R的调节作用.方法:以放烧复合伤小鼠为模型,观察一次性静脉注入不同剂量的TNF-α对BMNC增殖的影响及10万U TNF-α对IL-3R α表达及功能、BMNC数量的调节作用.结果:①静注不同剂量的TNF-α对放烧复合伤小鼠BMNC增殖的影响不一;②10万U的TNF-α 1、3 d上调放烧复合伤小鼠IL-3R α的平均含量(对阳性率及功能无明显影响),而致BMNC数量明显降低;7 d时恢复至对照组水平;③10万U TNF-α 1、3 d致放烧复合伤小鼠BMNC计数明显降低.结论:10万U TNF-α在体内虽能上调放烧复合伤小鼠IL-3Rα的平均含量而剌激造血,但可能因其同时激活造血调控网络整体效应却抑制骨髓造血.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.