美托洛尔联合曲美他嗪对老年冠心病慢性心力衰竭患者 的心功能及BNP、CRP的影响

目的探讨美托洛尔联合曲美他嗪对老年冠心病慢性心力衰竭患者的心功能及B型尿钠肽(BNP)、C反应蛋白(CRP)的影响。方法选取2016年6月—2018年12月我院接诊的80例老年冠心病慢性心力衰竭患者,通过随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各40例。对照组给予曲美他嗪治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合美托洛尔治疗,均连续治疗8周。比较两组临床疗效、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内经(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内经(LVESD)、血清BNP、CRP的变化及不良反应。结果治疗后,观察组临床疗效总有效率明显比对照组高(P0.05);观察组LVEF明显高于对照组,LVEDD、LVESD、血清BNP和CRP明显比对照组低(P0.05)。结论美托洛尔联合曲美他嗪治疗老年冠心病慢性心力衰竭疗效明显。     

慢性心力衰竭合并糖尿病患者血浆BNP、CRP和HbA1c的表达及与心功能分级的相关性

目的分析慢性心力衰竭(CHF)合并糖尿病患者血浆脑钠肽(BNP)、C-反应蛋白(CRP和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的表达及与心功能分级的相关性。方法选取本院2019年4月至2020年10月收治且经临床确诊的144例CHF合并糖尿病患者作为研究组,心功能分级:Ⅱ级48例,Ⅲ级60例,Ⅳ36例。同期纳入90例本院门诊健康体检者作为对照组。比较不同组别血浆BNP、CRP和HbA1c水平,并分析上述因子水平与CHF合并糖尿病患者心功能的相关性。结果研究组血浆BNP、CRP、HbA1c水平及LVEDVI显著高于对照组,LVEF显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ级组、Ⅳ级组血浆BNP、CRP、HbA1c水平及LVEDVI均显著高于对照组,LVEF显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着心功能下降,血浆BNP、CRP、HbA1c水平及LVEDVI逐渐上升,LVEF逐渐下降(P<0.05);BNP、CRP、HbA1c与LVEDVI呈显著正相关,与LVEF呈显著负相关,与心功能分级呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。结论 CHF合并糖尿病患者的血浆BNP、CRP、HbA1c水平均明显上升,且与其心功能分级具有一定相关性,通过检测上述因子水平可有效评估患者心功能。     

老年慢性心衰患者血清N末端脑钠肽前体水平的临床意义

目的探讨老年慢性心力衰竭患者血清N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)水平的临床意义。方法收集2015年1月至2016年1月期间我院收治的45例老年慢性心力衰竭患者,按照NYHA心功能分级分为:Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组20例,Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组25例;选择同期健康体检者45例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫法检测三组的心肌肌钙蛋白(CTNI)、NT-pro BNP,采用超声诊断仪检测左心室功能。比较三组的CTNI、NT-pro BNP、左心功能指标,并分析NT-pro BNP和左心功能指标的关系。结果 (1)与对照组相比,Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组的CTNI、NT-pro BNP明显更高(P<0.05);与Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组相比,Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组的CTNI、NT-pro BNP明显更高(P<0.05)。(2)和对照组相比,Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组和Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组的左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)明显更大,左室射血分数(LVEF)明显更低(P<0.05)。和Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组相比,Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组的LVEDV、LVESV明显更大,LVEF明显更低(P<0.05)。(3)NT-pro BNP和LVEDV(r=0.630,P<0.05)、LVESV(r=0.500,P<0.05)均为显著正相关关系,和左心室射血分数(r=-0.619,P<0.05)为显著负相关关系。结论血清NT-pro BNP能够有效地诊断老年慢性心力衰竭患者的病情程度,为临床治疗提供可靠的依据。     

老年慢性心力衰竭患者血浆miR-487b、miR-154表达及临床意义

目的 检测老年慢性心力衰竭患者血浆微小RNA-487b(miR-487b)和微小RNA-154(miR-154)的表达情况，分析其在老年慢性心力衰竭发病过程中的作用。方法 选取2019年2月—2022年4月在浙江省台州医院确诊并住院治疗的老年慢性心力衰竭患者130例为慢性心力衰竭组，根据心功能分级分为Ⅱ级35例、Ⅲ级54例、Ⅳ级41例；选取在医院进行体检的健康老年人130例为对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测各组血浆miR-487b和miR-154表达水平；彩色多普勒超声心动图仪测定各组的心功能指标[左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)];Pearson法分析老年慢性心力衰竭患者血浆miR-487b、miR-154、心功能指标的相关性；logistic回归分析影响老年慢性心力衰竭发病的因素；受试者工作特征曲线评估血浆miR-487b、miR-154对心功能分级Ⅳ级老年慢性心力衰竭患者的诊断价值。结果 与对照组比较，慢性心力衰竭组血浆miR-487b、miR-154表达水平及LVEF降低，LVEDD升高(P<0.05);Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级老年慢性心力衰竭患者血浆...     

B型利钠肽对老年维持性血液透析患者左心功能评估的临床研究

目的 观察老年维持性血液透析(MHD)患者血浆B型利钠肽(BNP)水平与左心功能之间的关系.方法检测50例老年MHD患者(MHD组)和30例健康体检者(健康对照组)的BNP水平,以及彩色多普勒超声心动图测定的左室射血分数(LVEF).分析BNP水平与左心功能之间的关系.结果 MHD组透析前后血浆BNP中位数分别为213.5 ng/L及110.2 ng/L,健康对照组为20.2 ng/L,MHD组的BNP水平透析前后均较健康对照组显著增高(P<0.01),且透析后较透析前显著下降(P<0.01).Spearman等级相关分析结果提示,MHD组的血浆BNP水平与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.4357,P<0.05).LVEF<50%者20例,透析前后血浆BNP中位数分别为386.5 ng/L和232.0ng/L,LVEF≥50%者30例,透析前后血浆BNP中位数分别为59.7 ng/L和29.1 ng/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 BNP可反映左心功能的动态变化,可能有助于MHD患者的心血管疾病早期诊断和治疗.     

多巴胺联合硝普钠治疗老年重症心力衰竭患者的临床疗效及对患者心功能、血浆BNP水平的影响

目的 分析多巴胺联合硝普钠治疗老年重症心力衰竭患者的临床疗效及对患者心功能、血浆BNP水平的影响。方法 选取广东省揭阳市普宁市人民医院2020年3月-2021年4月收治的重症心力衰竭老年患者(60例)为研究对象,采用机数字表法分为对照组与观察组(各30例)。对照组采用多巴胺治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予硝普钠治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效、心功能、血浆BNP水平、血气分析及不良反应发生率。结果 观察组总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组LVEF升高较对照组明显;LVEDd、LVESd及BNP水平降低较对照组明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者PaO₂、pH值显著高于对照组,PaCO₂显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 重症心力衰竭采用硝普钠辅助治疗可改善老年患者疗效,帮助老年患者恢复心功能并改善临床各项指标,减少临床应用不良反应。     

B型利钠肽水平与心力衰竭的关系

目的探讨血浆B型利钠肽(BNP)水平与心力衰竭的关系。方法荧光免疫法测定88例心衰患者BNP,并选取30例健康成年人作对照研究,并记录心衰患者心功能分级,左室射血分数(LVEF),左室舒张末横径(LVEDD)。结果心力衰竭患者血浆BNP水平(450±32)pg/m l明显高于非心衰组患者(50±6)pg/m l(P<0.01)。心衰患者血浆BNP水平与心功能指标NYHA、LVEF、LVEDD有明显的相关性。结论BNP是左室收缩功能不全的最强的标志物,可以作为早期诊断心衰的指标。     

心力衰竭患者心功能与机体生物学指标的相关性分析

目的 探讨心力衰竭患者心功能与血浆B型脑钠肽（BNP）、血清糖类抗原125(CA125)、肿瘤坏死因子样弱凋亡诱导因子（TWEAK）水平的相关性。方法 回顾性分析北京市顺义区医院2020年4月至2021年2月收治的60例心力衰竭患者的临床资料,将其作为心衰组,另回顾性分析20例同期进行健康体检的体检者的资料,将其作为健康对照组。比较两组研究对象血浆BNP、血清CA125、TWEAK水平;比较不同心功能分级心力衰竭患者血浆BNP、血清CA125、TWEAK及左室射血分数（LVEF）、左室舒张末期内径（LVEDD）、左心室收缩末期内径（LVESD）水平;分析心功能分级与血浆BNP、血清CA125、TWEAK水平的相关性。结果与健康对照组比,心衰组患者血浆BNP、血清CA125水平均升高,血清TWEAK水平降低;随着心功能分级的增加,心衰组患者血清CA125、BNP及LVEDD、LVESD水平均逐渐升高,而血清TWEAK水平和LVEF水平均逐渐降低（均P <0.05）;Pearson相关性分析结果显示,LVEF与血浆BNP、血清CA125均呈负相关（r=-0.697、-0.173,均P...     

红细胞分布宽度与慢性心力衰竭患者心功能指标的相关性研究

目的了解红细胞分布宽度(red blood cell distribution width,RDW)与慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者不同纽约心脏协会(New York heart Association,NYHA)心功能分级的关系。方法收集300例CHF住院患者作为心衰组,根据临床症状进行心功能分级,同期于体检站纳入300例体检健康的志愿者作为对照组,通过检测两组RDW、左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic diameter,LVEDD)和BNP,比较两组RDW、LVEF、LVEDD和BNP的差异;对不同心功能分级的CHF患者进行RDW水平分析;线性回归分析RDW与NYHA心功能分级、LVEF和BNP的相关性。结果 CHF患者RDW、BNP和LVEDD分别为(15.67±2.13)%,(412.18±17.96)ng/L和(55.85±1.86)mm,高于健康对照组的(13.12±2.09)%,(92.73±12.74)ng/L和(45.68±2.17)mm,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),CHF患者的LVEF为(43.87±2.48)%,低于对照组的(66.64±2.88)%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);随着NYHA分级逐渐增加,BNP、LVEDD逐渐升高,LVEF值逐渐下降,RDW值呈现逐渐升高的变化趋势(P0.05);线性相关分析显示,RDW与NYHA分级和BNP呈正相关,与LVEF呈负相关(P0.05)。结论 CHF患者RDW与NYHA心功能密切相关;RDW可能成为临床评估心力衰竭病情严重程度的指标。     

温阳益肾通补汤治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效及对心功能的影响

目的探讨温阳益肾通补汤治疗慢性心力衰竭的临床疗效及对心功能的影响,为慢性心力衰竭的治疗提供依据。方法于2016年1月至2018年6月选取天津市中医药研究院附属医院心病科门诊及住院的96例慢性心力衰竭患者作为研究对象,随机分为联合治疗组和对照组,每组各48例。对照组采用常规治疗,联合治疗组在对照组的基础上联合温阳益肾通补汤治疗,两组患者疗程均为4周。测定两组患者治疗前后的左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、脑钠肽(BNP)和6 min步行距离(6MWD)。采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行独立样本t检验、配对t检验和χ2检验。结果治疗后,联合治疗组心功能疗效总有效率为89.58%,对照组总有效率为72.92%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者治疗前LVEDD、LVEF、BNP和6MWD比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者LVEDD、BNP均较本组治疗前明显下降,LVEF和6MWD均较本组治疗前明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);治疗后联合治疗组LVEF水平和6MWD均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01),两组LVEDD、BNP水平的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论温阳益肾通补汤可明显改善慢性心力衰竭患者的临床症状和心功能,值得临床进一步推广和研究。     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.