磁力导航下交锁髓内钉的远端螺钉锁定

目的 对磁力导航技术应用于交锁髓内钉远端锁钉的固定效果进行分析和评价。方法 30例股骨干骨折中，交锁髓内钉置入后，在磁力导航下完成远端交锁螺钉的固定。结果 30例均完成交锁髓内钉的远端锁钉，一次钻孔、锁钉成功率达100％。结论 磁力导航技术用于交锁髓内钉的远端锁钉有操作简便、定位准确、手术时间短、并发症少等优点。     

磁力声控导航在交锁髓内钉远端锁钉中的应用

[目的]探讨磁力声控导航交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折的疗效.[方法]38例股骨干骨折,髓内钉置入后,磁力声控导航下完成远端螺钉锁定.[结果]38例均在磁力声控导航下完成交锁髓内钉的远端锁钉,一次钻孔、锁钉成功率达100%.[结论]磁力声控导航应用于髓内钉的远端锁钉,操作简便,定位准确,手术时间短.     

一种预防股骨交锁髓内钉远端锁钉失交锁的方法

目前股骨交锁髓内钉用于固定股骨干骨折已被广大骨科医师所认可.但交锁髓内钉远端锁钉失交锁现象仍频繁出现.虽然有很多方法可矫正远端锁钉失交锁,却存在C型臂X线机透视时间长或远端打孔较多等缺点.     

磁力导航下交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折

目的评价在磁力导航技术下交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法对92例行股骨干骨折交锁髓内钉治疗,锁定远端锁孔时在磁力导航下进行。结果 84例获随访,78例骨性愈合取出髓内钉,6例尚在随访中。其中8例发生迟延愈合、膝关节僵硬等并发症经对症处理后均得到很好的治疗效果。结论交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折在磁力导航下操作可以解决远端锁定孔锁定困难的问题,操作简单,准确率可达100%。     

交锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折

目的探讨交锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折的疗效及注意事项。方法自2011-01—2013-06采用交锁髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折12例,通过影像学资料和临床检查评估其治疗效果。结果 12例均获得随访3-15个月。骨折均愈合,愈合时间3-10个月,平均5个月。术后踝关节功能参照Baird-Jackson踝关节评分系统评价：优10例,良2例。结论交锁髓内钉尤其是改进型髓内钉治疗胫骨远端骨折增加了阻挡螺钉定位框使阻挡螺钉置入简单化,扩大了手术适应证且增加了骨折固定的稳定性,对于骨折线距离踝关节面5cm以内的骨折也能得到很好的固定。     

计算机导航在骨科手术中的应用

目的将计算机导航技术应用于骨科手术,并对其进行初步分析。方法2004年2～12月,计算机导航系统辅助下共行134枚椎弓根螺钉固定,51枚股骨颈骨折空心钉内固定,58枚交锁髓内钉远端交锁螺钉固定。结果所有病例全部在导航下完成手术,术中明显减少C型臂X线机透视次数,未发生血管和神经损伤并发症。结论计算机导航手术安全有效,更有利于微创手术的开展。     

交锁髓内钉远端锁入可吸收螺钉治疗胫骨骨折

目的比较交锁髓内钉远端锁入可吸收螺钉与锁入金属锁钉静力型固定在治疗胫骨骨折中的临床效果。方法采用交锁髓内钉远端锁入可吸收螺钉固定治疗25例胫骨骨折患者（试验组）,检测骨折愈合及并发症情况,并与同期锁入金属锁钉静力型固定28例胫骨骨折（对照组）的随访结果进行比较。结果患者均获得随访,时间4~13个月。骨折愈合时间：试验组为13~16（14.28±0.94）周,对照组为14~18（15.89±1.13）周,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论交锁髓内钉远端锁入可吸收螺钉比锁入金属锁钉静力型固定更有利于胫骨骨折愈合。     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折

目的总结逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折的临床效果。方法采用开放复位逆行交锁髓内钉治疗51例股骨远端骨折并结合CPM锻炼。结果骨折均复位满意，无骨不连发生，患膝功能恢复良好。结论逆行交锁髓内钉较其他内固定具有操作简便、创伤小、固定牢靠、可早期功能锻炼等优点，值得推广应用。     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折

目的 总结逆行交锁髓内钉内固定结合CPM治疗股骨远端骨折的临床效果。方法 采用逆行交锁髓内钉内固定治疗30例股骨远端骨折，术后早期进行伤肢CPM锻炼。结果 30例随访6～18个月，平均10个月，骨折住6～8个月内愈合，膝关节功能恢复良好．优良率93％。结论 逆行交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨远端骨折具有稳定性高、固定牢靠、操作简单安全的特点：术后早期可进行伤肢CPM锻炼，骨折愈合快，并发症少，是一种治疗股骨远端骨折比较理想的方法，     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折

目的探讨逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折的疗效。方法本组应用逆行交锁髓内钉,结合手法复位、有限切开复位加C型臂X线机透视和小切口经皮等微创技术,治疗股骨远端骨折。按A0／ASIF标准分类：A型骨折12例,C1和C2型骨折6例。固定18例股骨远端骨折。结果术后随访6～20个月,骨折全部愈合,无膝内翻及外翻无严重并发症,优11例,良5例,可2例。疗效满意。结论股骨远端骨折应用逆行交锁髓内钉固定,掌握其手术适应证,术中在C型臂X线机透视下使骨折确切复位,注意股骨远端的力线恢复,膝关节功能满意。     

导航在长骨干骨折髓内钉固定中的应用

目的阐述透视导航技术在长骨干(股骨和胫骨)骨折,特别是在术中远端交锁髓内钉固定中的应用。探索在导航条件下术中应用髓内钉图像库开展远端交锁固定的可行性。此外,医用机器人的开发旨在被进一步用来改善手术程序的精确性。方法导航手术下,55例行股骨远端交锁钉固定和36例行胫骨远端交锁钉固定。其中13例术中应用图像库开展远端交锁固定。结果远端交锁固定成功率为97%。结论透视导航在长骨干骨折术中,使远端髓内交锁钉固定成功率增高。图像库的应用可以进一步减少患者和手术人员的X线辐射剂量。     

静力型交锁髓内钉动力化治疗下肢骨干骨折延迟愈合

目的 探讨静力型交锁髓内钉动力化治疗下肢骨干骨折延迟愈合的效果。方法 对27例骨折应用静力型交锁髓内钉固定后的股骨和胫骨骨干延迟愈合患者，行近侧或远侧锁钉取出术进行动力化治疗。其中股骨干延迟愈合17例，胫骨干延迟愈合10例。结果 随访7—48个月，平均19．5个月。术后3—7个月(平均3．3个月)获临床愈合。无感染、断钉、关节损伤和内固定取出后再骨折。结论 静力型改为动力型是治疗交锁髓内钉固定后股骨和胫骨骨干延迟愈合的有效方法。应用时注意选择适当的手术时机，选择取出锁钉也要得当。     

交锁髓内钉治疗胫骨中下段骨折的生物力学研究

目的探讨胫骨交锁髓内钉治疗不同平面胫骨骨折的生物力学特性。方法以成人新鲜胫骨标本为试验对象,每具标本先后模拟骨折愈合、胫骨中段骨折及胫骨下段骨折3种状态,远端采用1枚或2枚锁钉固定,MTS轴向加载0~1000N,测试远端锁钉应力应变变化。结果胫骨下段骨折组远端锁钉应力应变较中段骨折组明显增大,在远端2枚锁钉中,靠近侧的锁钉应力应变更大。远端改用1枚锁钉固定后,锁钉承受的应力应变进一步显著增加。结论胫骨骨折越靠下端,越易发生内固定失败,应以2枚锁钉固定远端并远离骨折线。     

Distal locking in short hip nails: Cause or prevention of peri-implant fractures?

ObjectivesThe most common cause of femoral fractures after osteosynthesis of trochanteric fractures with short nails is weakening of the femoral cortex via distal locking and stress concentrations at the tip of the nail. The aim of the study was to verify whether the incidence of peri-implant fractures is dependent upon the distal locking technique.MethodsWe prospectively analysed a group of 849 pertrochanteric fractures (AO/ASIF 31-A1 + 2) managed with short nails from 2009 to 2013. Unlocked nailing was performed in 70.1% and distal dynamic locking was performed in 29.9%. The mean age was 82.0 years. Peri-implant fractures were divided into 3 groups according to the height of the fracture in relation to the tip of the nail.ResultsIn total 17 fractures (2.0%) were detected. One peri-implant fracture occurred after locked nailing, whereas 16 cases occurred after unlocked nailing (p = 0.037). Patients without distal locking had an 85.7% greater risk of peri-implant fracture. Fractures of the proximal femur (Type I) occurred significantly earlier than fractures at the tip of the nail (Type II) (p = 0.028).ConclusionUnlocked nails do not guarantee sufficient stability. Distal locking serves to prevent postoperative femoral fractures. We recommend the routine use of distal locking when utilizing short nails.     

Supracondylar nailing of periprosthetic fractures above total knee arthroplasties

Supracondylar nailing was performed in 10 patients who sustained periprosthetic fractures above total knee arthroplasties. The fractures occurred in women with an average age of 67.4 years (range, 42–92 years). All fractures healed in a satisfactory alignment in an average duration of 13.2 weeks (range, 12–18 weeks). None of the fractures needed bone grafting. There were no cases of wound infections, nonunion or delayed union. All patients achieved satisfactory range of movement of the knee joint and preoperative functional status. Main complications included loosening of a distal screw in one patient and fracture above the short nail following a second injury in another patient. Use of a longer nail where possible and a condylar bolt for distal locking can easily avoid these complications. We conclude that supracondylar nailing, despite some limitations, is a satisfactory method of treatment for a majority of displaced periprosthetic fractures above well-fixed total knee arthroplasties.     

Locking internal fixator with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for the proximal and distal tibial fractures

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of the locking internal fixator (LIF), which includes the locking compression plate (LCP) and the less invasive stable system (LISS), in the proximal and distal tibial fractures. Methods: We did a retrospective study on a total of 98 patients with either proximal or distal tibial fractures from January 2003 to January 2007, who had received the operation with LIF by the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique. The data consisted of 43 proximal tibial fractures (type AO41C3) and 55 distal tibial fractures (type AO43C3). Results: No complications were observed in all patients after operation. The mean healing time was 8.4 months (range 5-14 months). Only two cases of delayed union occurred at postoperative 10 months. No infections were reported after the definitive surgery even in the cases of open fractures. All patients reached a full range of motion at postoperative 6 to 9 months and regained the normal functions of knee and ankle joints. Conclusion: Using LIF in MIPO technique is a reliable approach towards the proximal and distal tibial fractures that are not suitable for intramedullary nailing.     

Computer-assisted auto-frame navigation system for distal locking of tibial intramedullary nails： a preliminary report on clinical application

Objective: To evaluate the clinical feasibility and effect of the computer-assisted auto-frame navigation system for distal locking of tibial intramedullary nails. Methods: The hardware components of the system included a PC computer with a monitor, auto mechanical stereotactical locating cubic frame, foot holder and localization operative apparatus. Special navigation software can be used for registration of X-ray fluoroscopic images and real-tune controlling navigation of tools. Twenty-one cases of close tibial and fibular fractures were treated with closed intramedullary nailing, 6 of which involved in middle third, 12 in middle and lower third, 3 in lower third. C-arm alignment and registration time, fluoroscopic time and drilling time involved in the locking procedure were recorded. The size of unreamed or reamed tibial nails ranged from 8/300-11/330. Results: All distal holes except 1 were locked successfuUy. In 9 of 41 locked holes (21.95%), the drill bit touched the canal of locking hole without damage of the nail and clinical consequences. The fluoroscopy time per pair of screws was 2.23 s±0.31 s . Conclusions: The computer-assisted auto-frame navigation system for distal locking is well designed, easy to operate and do not need additional instruments during the procedure. The developed system enables the physician to precisely navigate surgical instruments throughout the anatomy using just a few computer-calibrated radiographic images. The total time of x-ray exposure per procedure can be significantly reduced.     

两种微创内固定方式治疗胫腓骨远端双骨折的对比研究

目的 对比分析经皮锁定加压钢板结合弹性髓内钉与交锁髓内钉结合弹性髓内钉治疗胫腓骨远端双骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2006年3月至2009年3月50例胫腓骨远端双骨折病例.其中28例行经皮锁定加压钢板固定胫骨结合弹性髓内钉固定腓骨(P+E组),男性18例,女性10例,年龄(45±6)岁;6例为开放性骨折,22例为闭合性骨折;骨折类型按AO分型,A1型12例,A2型10例,A3型4例,C1型2例.22例行交锁髓内钉固定胫骨结合弹性髓内钉固定腓骨(N+E组),男性12例,女性10例,年龄(43±9)岁;4例为开放性骨折,18例为闭合性骨折;骨折类型按AO分型,A1型9例,A2型8例,A3型4例,C1型1例.对两组术中情况、术后第3天疼痛评分、骨折愈合时间、临床疗效结果及并发症进行对比分析.结果 两组在手术时间、术中失血量及术后第3天疼痛评分方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).术后P+E组骨折愈合时间为(15.4±2.9)周,短于N+E组的(21.1±3.0)周;P+E组踝关节功能评分(44.3±1.7)分、患足力线评分(8.6±2.3)分,分别优于N+E组的(41.8±2.5)分及(6.8±3.6)分,而步态异常发生率低于N+E组(P均＜0.05).两组术后踝关节疼痛评分、屈曲加伸展受限、内翻加外翻受限及总体优良率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).P+E组有3例出现并发症,少于N+E组的8例,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 经皮锁定加压钢板结合弹性髓内钉治疗胫腓骨远端双骨折有一定的优越性;而交锁髓内钉结合弹性髓内钉在软组织条件较差或多段胫腓骨骨折中应用更有优势.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the outcome of two minimally invasive interal fixed methods for the treatment of distal tibio-fibula fractures. Methods The clinical data of 50 patients with distal tibio-fibula fractures from March 2006 to March 2009 was analyzed retrospectively. Twenty-eight patients were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous locking compression plate fixing tibia combining elastic stable intramedullary nailing fixing fibular ( Group P + E). There were 18 male and 10 female patients with a mean age of (45 ± 6 ) years. Twenty-two patients were treated with interlocking intramedullary nail fixing tibia combining elastic stable intramedullary nailing fixing fibular (Group N + E). There were 12 male and 10 female patients with a mean age of (43 ± 9 ) years. The indexs of perioperation, pain score at 3 d postoperative, bone union time, the clinical outcomes and complications postoperative were statistically compared. Results There were no statistical significance on operation time, blood loss perioperative and pain score at 3 d postoperative. Bone union time in Group N + E was significantly longer than in Group P + E [(21.1 ±3.0) weeks vs. (15.4 ±2.9) weeks]. Meanwile, the function of ankle score (44.3 ± 1.7 vs.41.8 ± 2. 5) and the line of foot score ( 8. 6 ± 2. 3 vs. 6. 8 ± 3.6 ) in Group P + E were respectively significantly higher than that in Group N + E. However, there were no statistical difference on ankle pain,buckling add stretch restricted, turn inward add evaginate restricted and the rate of good and fair between the two groups. There were 3 cases of complications postoperation in Group P + E, significantly less than the 8 cases of Group N + E. Conclusions Minimally invasive percutaneous locking compression plate fixingtibia combining elastic stable intramedullary nailing fixing fibular shows superiority in treatment of distal tibio-fibula fractures. However, interlocking intramedullary nail fixing tibia combining elastic stable intramedullary nailing fixing fibular has the advantages in worse soft tissue and multi-step tibio-fibula fractures.     

Results of the T2 humeral nailing system with special focus on compression interlocking

BACKGROUND: The outcome of interlocking nailing of humeral shaft fractures is controversial. Variations in implants, operative technique and follow-up parameters hinder comparative studies. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the T2 humeral nailing system according to clinical results, and to recognise advantages and disadvantages of compression interlocking. METHODS: A total of 36 consecutive humeral shaft fractures were treated with an interlocking humeral nail. In 23 cases the antegrade and in 14 cases the retrograde approach was used. Compression locking was performed in 21 and static locking in 15 cases. RESULTS: At 22-month follow-up, bone consolidation was present in 35 cases; in 5 cases complications developed. There was no significant difference between compression and static locking nor between the antegrade and retrograde approach regarding complications, Constant shoulder score, mean Morrey elbow score, SF-12 physical score or SF-12 mental score. CONCLUSION: Antegrade and retrograde interlocking nailing of humeral shaft fractures with the T2 nailing system can result in good functional outcome and unimpaired quality of life. Compression interlocking can minimise the fracture gap and increase the biomechanical stiffness. Potential disadvantages of compression interlocking include possible bending or loosening of the locking screw in the dynamic oblong hole. An additional static locking screw should be used on the humerus after compression interlocking.     

Gamma钉治疗股骨转子间骨折远端是否锁钉疗效比较

目的探讨Gamma钉内固定治疗股骨转子间骨折远端是否锁钉对疗效的影响。方法对144例稳定性股骨转子间骨折患者采用Gamma钉内固定,根据远端锁钉与否将患者分为远端未采用锁钉组(非锁钉组,70例)和远端采用锁钉组(锁钉组,74例)。观察两组患者手术时间、透视时间、输血量、住院时间、骨折复位质量、骨折愈合时间及并发症。结果两组均获得12个月随访。两组骨折复位质量、住院时间、骨折愈合时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术时间、术中透视时间、输血量锁钉组明显长(多)于非锁钉组(P<0.001)。两组患者并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用Gamma钉治疗稳定性股骨转子间骨折远端可以不行锁钉固定,不影响骨折愈合和临床疗效,还具有减少透视时间、手术时间、术后并发症等优点。