阿片成瘾严重程度量表的初步编制与信度测试

目的 :编制阿片成瘾严重程度评定量表 ,并对量表进行信度检验。方法 :参考相关文献自行设计“2 8项阿片成瘾严重程度量表”( 2 8ItemsOpioidAddictionSeverityInventory ,OASI - 2 8) ,对北京市某戒毒治疗机构收治的 6 0例海洛因成瘾者进行结构性访谈。通过小样本预试验 ,采用同质性信度与重测信度对量表进行信度评价。结果 :同质性信度 :除家庭后果一项外 ,其余各因子及量表总的Cronbach’sα系数在 0 .5 2 44～ 0 .8140之间。各症状项目分与总分的相关性除第 1题 (从第一次吸毒时间到成瘾的时间 )、第 15题 (体重变化 )和第 2 1题 (吸毒后工作情况 )外 ,余者的P值均 <0 .0 5。重测信度 :总量表及各因子的重测相关系数介于 0 .476～ 0 .895之间 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :本量表有较好的同质性信度和重测信度。     

阿片成瘾严重程度量表的初步编制与信息测试

目的：编制阿片成瘾严重程度评定量表，并对量表进行信度检验。方法：参考相关文献自行设计“28项阿片成瘾严重程度量表”(28Items Opioid Addiction Severity Inventory,OASI-28)，对北京市某戒毒治疗机构收治的60例海洛因成瘾者进行结构性访谈。通过小样本预试验，采用同质性信度与重测信度对量表进行信度评价。结果：同质性信度：除家庭后果一项外，其余各因子及量表总的Cronbach‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘s α。系数在0．5244—0.8140之间。各症状项目分与总分的相关性除第1题(从第一次吸毒时间到成瘾的时间)、第15题(体重变化)和第21题(吸毒后工作情况)外，余者的P值均＜0．05。重测信度：总量表及各因子的重测相关系数介于0.476—0.895之间(P＜0．01)。结论：本量表有较好的同质性信度和重测信度。     

槟榔依赖量表在大学生槟榔嚼食者中的信效度检验

目的:检验槟榔依赖量表(Betel Nut Dependence Scale, BNDS)在大学生槟榔嚼食者中的信效度。方法:以槟榔依赖量表、人口统计学和槟榔嚼食情况问卷为研究工具,对长沙、株州、湘潭地区六所高校的520名大学生槟榔嚼食者施测,4周后从中随机抽取60名被试重测,并完成涉及槟榔依赖的精神活性物质使用问题筛查量表(ASSIST)评估。结果:项目分析显示,总分高分组各条目得分均显著高于低分组(P<0.01),同时各条目分与总分相关显著(r=0.525～0.755,P<0.01);信度分析显示,总量表和三个因子的内部一致性系数分别为0.87、0.81、0.85和0.77,间隔4周的重测信度分别为0.88、0.90、0.83和0.84;验证性因素分析表明三因子模型数据拟合良好(χ~2/df=2.875,RMSEA=0.06,CFI=0.967,NFI=0.951,GFI=0.957),且各条目在对应因子上的负载位于0.57至0.81之间;被试槟榔依赖量表总分以及三个因子得分与ASSIST总分、月平均购买槟榔开销、日平均嚼食颗数均呈显著相关(r=0.435～0.755,P<0.01)。结论:槟榔依赖量表信效度良好,适用于大学生槟榔依赖的测量。     

编制适用于小儿厌食症的症状积分调查表并对其信度、效度进行分析

目的编制适用于小儿厌食症的症状积分调查表,并对其信度、效度进行分析。方法通过查阅相关文献、核心小组讨论等方法形成量表条目池,小样本反复预调查构建初始量表,对200例厌食症患儿进行调查,运用相关系数法、克朗巴赫系数法、因子分析法等评价量表的信度、效度。结果小儿厌食症症状积分调查表由28个条目组成,各条目重测系数均大于0.7(P0.01),量表的重测信度系数良好、一致性较高;总表的克朗巴赫系数α为0.978,各条目逐条删除后对比,未有任何一条条目会降低总表的内部一致性,说明量表及其各条目内部一致性好;内容效度分析显示28个条目与量表总分相关系数均0.6(0.651~0.869),具有较强的相关性;KMO统计量为0.927,Bartlett球形检验卡方统计量为6 840.433,P=0.000,适合做因子分析。探索性因子分析结果显示前4个主成分的特征值均≥1,累计贡献率为80.091%,故选取前4个公共因子。结论该量表具有良好的信度及效度,能够较好地反应小儿厌食症症状,具有一定的临床科研实用价值。     

戒毒动机的结构与量表编制

目的:编制戒毒动机测量工具,并检验其信效度。方法:通过文献检索、个人访谈、专家访谈等方法,构建了戒毒动机理论的维度,形成初始量表,对200名戒毒人群初步预测并分析后,形成戒毒动机正式量表。对1380例戒毒人员进行测试(测试后有效样本为1294例),然后对量表进行项目分析、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析及信度分析。结果:戒毒动机量表包括36个条目,由5个因素组成,即趋戒-内部动机、趋戒-外部动机、避吸-内部动机、避吸-外部动机、戒毒信心,探索性因素分析各因子条目的载荷均在0.40以上,验证性因素分析各拟合指标较好,全问卷同质性信度为0.922,分半信度为0.837,重测信度为0.881,强制与自愿戒毒者、男女不同性别的戒毒动机总分与各因子得分比较,差别均有统计学意义,表明该量表区分效度好。结论:该量表具有良好的信效度,可作为戒毒动机的测量工具。     

新型毒品依赖患者社会适应评估量表的初步编制

目的:编制适用于新型毒品依赖患者的社会适应量表,并检验其信效度。方法:从个体、家庭、社会三个层面进行量表构念设计。以武汉市强制隔离戒毒机构中的新型毒品依赖患者作为量表施测对象,分别进行量表初测(n=82)和正式施测(n=288)。采用初测样本数据进行条目分析,采用正式施测样本数据进行探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析、相关分析和信度分析。结果:修订形成的新型毒品依赖患者社会适应评估量表共有17个条目,包括"个体心理适应"、"对家庭环境的适应"、"对社会环境的适应"3个因子,累计解释总方差的57.59%。量表的三因子结构模型拟合良好(χ^2/df=1.331,CFI=0.962,NNFI=0.952,SRMR=0.078,RMSEA=0.048)。量表及各因子得分与成功戒毒信心量表得分、心理韧性量表得分之间均呈正相关,相关系数均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。总量表的Cronbach α系数为0.848,重测信度系数为0.841;各因子的Cronbach α系数为0.644~0.856,重测信度系数为0.702~0.784。结论:新型毒品依赖患者社会适应评估量表具有良好的信效度,可用于测量新型毒品依赖患者的社会适应水平。     

美沙酮门诊患者尼古丁依赖检测量表中文版的信效度研究

目的獉獉:研究中文版尼古丁依赖检测量表(FTND)在吸烟美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊患者中使用的信效度。方法獉獉:在深圳市三家MMT门诊选取217位吸烟MMT门诊患者自评完成一般情况问卷、FTND量表和Russell吸烟原因问卷(RRSQ);间隔2周后对其中60名患者进行FTND量表重测;采用信度分析、相关分析和因子分析评价量表的信效度。结果獉獉:FTND量表的Cronbachα系数为0.638,两周重测信度系数为0.797(P<0.01);FTND量表总分与RRSQ依赖分和每日吸烟量的校标关联效度系数分别为0.404和0.637(P均<0.01);因子分析提取了两个公因子,累积解释总变异的55.039%。结论獉獉:中文版FTND量表在吸烟MMT患者中具有较好的重测信度、校标关联效度和结构效度,但其内部一致性未达心理测量学要求,需要进一步修订。     

国际版手部疾病国际功能残疾和健康分类简要核心组合的信效度研究

目的分析研究国际版手部疾病国际功能残疾和健康分类(ICF)简要核心组合的信度和效度。方法本研究调查了2016年1～12月在广东省工伤康复医院住院治疗的300例手损伤患者。采用国际版手部疾病ICF简要核心组合、DASH上肢功能评定表进行评定。分析国际版手部疾病ICF简要核心组合的重测信度、内部一致性信度、内容效度和效标关联效度。结果 ICF核心组合简要版的重测信度很好(ICC=0.91,P <0.01)。身体结构、身体功能、活动和参与3个领域的ICC为0.82～0.92(P <0.01),重测信度较好;环境领域的ICC为0.6(P <0.01),重测信度中度。内部一致性信度较好(Chronbach’sα系数=0.833,P<0.01)。大部分类目评分与领域总分相关系数大于0.4(P <0.05),内容效度较好。ICF核心组合简要版总分与DASH总分的相关系数为0.512(P <0.01),与DASH各领域得分的相关系数均大于0.4,效标效度较好。结论国际版手部疾病ICF简要核心组合的信效度较好,对手部疾病患者的综合评定可靠有效。     

中文版苯丙胺渴求量表信效度检验

目的探讨中文版苯丙胺渴求量表(DSQ)在苯丙胺成瘾者中使用时的信度和效度。方法 118名广州医科大学的健康学生间隔两周测试进行两次DSQ检测;并采用美国精神疾病统计和诊断半结构式会谈手册(病人版,SCID-P)诊断苯丙胺依赖,选取2013年1月~2015年12月苯丙胺依赖患者50名,进行DSQ、成瘾严重程度指数(ASI)量表、视觉模拟量表(VAS)。计算测验的重测信度、内部一致性、折半信度和效标关联效度、聚敛效度和结构效度。结果中文版DSQ的重测信度很高(r=0.92,P0.01),很出色的内部一致性(标准化后的α为0.97,P0.01)和分半信度(r=0.88,P0.01)。采用VAS作为校标,DSQ具有很好的效标关联效度(r=0.61,P0.01);与ASI总分呈强正相关(r=0.53,P0.01)提示中等的聚敛效度,量表的项目和总分相关系数范围从0.05~0.89,P0.01,结构效度中等。结论中文版DSQ在评估苯丙胺渴求时具有良好的信效度,对于识别苯丙胺渴求具有实用性的临床价值。     

健康问卷抑郁量表在帕金森病抑郁患者筛查中的应用

目的探讨健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)在帕金森病抑郁(dPD)筛查中的应用价值。方法选取63例住院帕金森病患者为研究对象,以中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-3)为帕金森病抑郁的诊断标准,患者同时进行PHQ-9、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)测试,进行PHQ-9量表的同质性信度研究及诊断效能研究,随机抽取30名患者1周后重新进行PHQ-9测试,进行重测信度研究,并将诊断结果分为有抑郁组和无抑郁组。结果 PHQ-9量表的内部一致性Cronbach's Alpha系数为0.859;条目间相关系数为0.188～0.704,各条目与总分的相关系数为0.359～0.823(P 0.01),30名患者重测信度系数为0.943(P 0.01)。PHQ-9量表诊断dPD的灵敏度为97.4%,特异度为68%,约登指数为65.4%,与CCMD-3的诊断符合率为85.7%,PHQ-9诊断dPD的AUC为0.941,与HAMD量表相仿。结论 PHQ-9量表在帕金森病抑郁筛查中具有良好的信度和效能,是帕金森病抑郁简单、快速的筛查工具。     

Validation of the Chinese version of the Opiate Addiction Severity Inventory (OASI) and the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) in non-institutionalized heroin users in China

No fully validated Chinese instrument measuring severity of drug dependence exists. The Chinese Opiate Addiction Severity Inventory (OASI) and the translated Chinese version of the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) were validated in this study. A total of 178 eligible participants were recruited using snowballing method. The 11-item revised version of OASI (OASI-R) exhibited good reliability (item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.50 to 0.73, Cronbach's alpha was 0.85, test-retest Intra-class Correlation Coefficient was 0.81, p < 0.001). Two factors were identified by principal component method and correlated significantly with the Quality of Life-Drug Addiction (QOL-DA). The 3-item revised version of SDS (SDS-R) was one of the two factors of SDS (item-total correlation coefficients were 0.79 to 0.86, Cronbach's alpha was 0.78, test-retest Intra-class Correlation Coefficient was 0.64, p < 0.001). It correlated significantly with QOL-DA. OASI-R and SDS-R were also significantly correlated with each other and with some heroin-related characteristics. The validation of the Chinese version of OASI-R and SDS-R would facilitate research in different Chinese populations. SDS has been translated to different languages and the Chinese version allows for international comparison.     

Substance Dependence Severity Scale (SDSS): reliability and validity of a clinician-administered interview for DSM-IV substance use disorders

No existing diagnostic interview assesses severity of dependence based on DSM-IV criteria across a range of substances. The Substance Dependence Severity Scale (SDSS) was designed to serve this purpose, consisting of substance-specific scales of both severity and frequency of DSM-IV criteria. This study investigated the reliability and validity of the SDSS. The test-retest reliability of the SDSS in 175 (112 male and 63 female) treated substance users ranged from good to excellent for alcohol, cocaine, heroin and sedatives (interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs)=0.75-0.88 for severity, 0.67-0.85 for frequency). Results for cannabis were lower, ranging from fair to good (ICCs=0.50-0.62). Results for joint rating and internal consistency reliability were comparable to test-retest findings. In addition to indicators of concurrent validity, scale applications are presented and discussed.     

中文版成瘾严重性指数量表在参加美沙酮维持治疗的海洛因成瘾者中的信度和效度评价

背景:为遏制艾滋病病毒在海洛因成瘾者中的传播,我国于2004年开始选用美沙酮口服液作为海洛因的替代药物,对海洛因成瘾者进行长期维持治疗。为更好地评价美沙酮维持治疗(methadone maintenance treatment,MMT)的效果,研究者引进和翻译了在国外广泛用于评价药物成瘾的一种工具《成瘾严重性指数量表》(Addiction Severity Index,ASI)第5版。目的:评价中文版ASI(ASI-C)在接受MMT的海洛因成瘾者中应用的信度和效度。方法:对1005名(男744名,女261名)MMT受治者用ASI-C进行面对面访谈,其中35名受治者接受了间隔7d的重复测量,分析ASI的信度和效度。结果:ASI-C与原量表具有相近的结构,通过因子分析,有7个因子的特征值大于1,ASI-C萃取出7个维度;通过与相关效度条目的检验,ASI-C具有较好的区分效度,各效度检验条目与维度评分间相关系数在0.09-0.80。内部一致性信度测量显示平均Cronbach’α为0.68(0.52-0.88),有5个维度Cronbach’α大于0.60。相隔7d的重测信度达到可接受的水平。结论:ASI-C在参加美沙酮维持治疗的海洛因成瘾者中应用,具有较好的结构效度和区分效度,5个维度的内部一致性信度Cronbach’α达到可接受的水平,2维度上还有待提高。初步测量的重测信度达到可接受水平。     

Substance Dependence Severity Scale: reliability and validity for ICD-10 substance use disorders.

The Substance Dependence Severity Scale (SDSS) is a semistructured interview that assesses the severity of the DSM-IV diagnoses of dependence and abuse and the ICD-10 diagnoses of substance dependence and harmful use across a wide range of substances. Previous research has demonstrated that the SDSS' DSM-IV dependence scales are reliable and valid indicators of diagnostic severity. However, the ICD-10 scales have not been psychometrically tested. This study investigated the test-retest reliability, internal consistency, diagnostic concordance, and concurrent validity of the SDSS' ICD-10 dependence and harmful use scales in 180 (112 male and 68 female) treated substance users. Test-retest reliabilities for the ICD-10 dependence scales ranged from good to excellent for alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and cannabis. Test-retest reliabilities for the SDSS' ICD-10 harmful use scales were in the good range for alcohol, cocaine, and heroin and the poor to fair range for cannabis. Internal consistency, diagnostic concordance, and concurrent validity results were comparable to the test-retest findings. These results support the use of the SDSS for assessing the severity of the ICD-10 dependence and harmful use diagnoses.     

Reliability and validity of the addiction severity index with a homeless sample

The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) is an instrument widely used to assess the treatment problems of substance users. Its psychometric properties have been tested and found satisfactory for many types of substance abusers entering treatment. However, there are many other subgroups of substance users not in formal treatment, such as homeless substance users. While the ASI has been used with this subgroup, its psychometric properties remain questionable. This study examined the reliability and validity of the ASI in a sample of 98 homeless substance users awaiting temporary housing placement. Test-retest reliability found the ASI to have moderate to high reliability coefficients in each of the seven domains assessed. Both composite score and severity rating measures were found to be quite independent with low intercorrelations. Three of the seven ASI composite scores were tested for and found to have moderate concurrent validity: alcohol (r = .31 to .36), drug (r = .46), and psychiatric (r = .53 to .66). Composite score interitem correlations were .70 or greater in each of the domains except for employment (.50) and family (.52). These data suggest that, although there are some limitations in using the ASI with homeless substance users, it demonstrated acceptable reliability and validity.     

Reliability and validity of the Opiate Treatment Index among a sample of opioid users in the United Kingdom

To validate the Opiate Treatment Index (OTI) for use in the United Kingdom, 72 subjects attending two methadone clinics in London completed confidential interviews with two researchers at two points in time, 1-2 weeks apart. About half the interviews were conducted by the same interviewer on both occasions, and the remaining by different interviewers. These research designs enabled an estimation of the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of the instrument. Subjects' responses were validated against key worker reports and self-reported drug use against urinalysis results. The majority of the respondents were males (65%) and their mean age was 34.2 years (range 21-52; SD 8.5). Test-retest reliability coefficients were high for all the scales (range 0.77-0.86) in both the same and different interviewer situations. The internal reliability of the scales was generally high (Cronbach's alpha: range 0.34-0.93). The correlation with key workers' reports was high with the percentage agreement on the items ranging 74-100 (mean 87). The percentage agreement of self-reported drug use with urinalysis results was high (range 69-95; mean 89). These findings are similar to those obtained among Australian subjects and suggest a high cross-cultural validity for the OTI. Minor changes to the OTI have been incorporated into a modified version for use in the UK.     

Reliability and validity of the German version of the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI)

OBJECTIVE: This study provides data on the psychometric characteristics of the German version of the European Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI). The ASI is a frequently used clinical and research instrument that measures problem severity among people with substance dependence. METHOD: The German ASI was used in a sample of 112 consecutively admitted male psychiatric inpatients seeking treatment for severe alcohol problems. The conceptual structure of the German ASI subscales was investigated by analyzing the intercorrelations of the severity ratings and composite scores. Internal consistency, interrater reliability and concurrent validity in terms of correlations with other assessment instruments were evaluated. RESULTS: The German ASI subscales proved to be independent or moderately correlated (-0.17 < r < 0.34). Each correlation coefficient between corresponding severity ratings and composite scores was significant (p < .0005), ranging from r = 0.47 to r = 0.93. Reliability measures indicated moderate to good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.69-0.92) and moderate to excellent interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.62-0.99). Validity was supported by significantly higher ratings in the alcohol section in alcohol dependent patients compared to patients without dependence (t = 2.99, 108 df, p = .004). Significant correlations (p < .001) were found between the alcohol use section and the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (r = 0.34 composite score and r = 0.44 severity rating) and between psychiatric status and the Symptom Checklist-90-revised (r = 0.55/0.51), supporting concurrent validity. CONCLUSIONS: The German version presented evidence of acceptable psychometric properties and its applicability in German-speaking countries could be confirmed.     

The longitudinal stability of the addiction severity index

The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) is a structured interview widely used by substance abuse clinicians and researchers for client screening, determining treatment needs, and assessing treatment outcomes. Previous researchers have evaluated inter-rater agreement, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity. The present report describes the stability of ASI scores in longitudinal work. In the context of an ongoing treatment outcome evaluation study involving seven assessors, inter-rater agreement, inter-rater reliability, as well as intra- and inter-rater accuracy were assessed repeatedly during a 2-year period. The results show the scores derived from the ASI to be stable across assessors and over time. The relationship between stable scores and resources required for training are discussed.     

帕罗西汀治疗美沙酮停药后戒断症状的疗效观察

目的：观察帕罗西汀对暂停美沙酮维持治疗后出现的戒断症状的疗效。方法：选择美沙酮药物维持治疗门诊的阿片类物质依赖者,随机分配至帕罗西汀组和安慰剂组,使用阿片成瘾严重程度量表和阿片戒断症状评价量表评估,观察时间为1周。结果：帕罗西汀和安慰剂组受试者第3～7天脱落率、第1～3天阿片戒断症状评价量表评分有非常显著差异（P〈O．001）,阿片戒断症状评价量表评分呈显著的逐天增加（P〈O．001）。所有受试者第1～3天、帕罗西汀组受试者第1～2天戒断症状严重程度与美沙酮使用量明显相关（P〈O．05）。结论：帕罗西汀替代美沙酮治疗可以明显减轻阿片类戒断反应和延长美沙酮中断治疗时间,其效果与美沙酮维持治疗剂量有关。     

Quality of life and overweight: the obesity related well-being (Orwell 97) questionnaire.

The development and validation of a self-reported measure of obesity-related quality of life, the Obesity Related Well-Being (ORWELL 97), were undertaken to examine the intensity and the subjective relevance of physical and psychosocial distress. The questionnaire was validated in a sample of 147 obese patients (99 females, 48 males). The Eating Disorder Examination 12.0D interview, a structured diagnostic interview for DSM-III-R (DSM-IV criteria for binge eating disorder), Beck Depression Inventory, Binge Eating Scale, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 1 and 2 scales were also applied. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were satisfactory. Factor analysis allowed the identification of two subscales: ORWELL 97-1 related to psychological status and social adjustment, and ORWELL 97-2 related to physical symptoms impairment. Obese female patients showed a lower quality of life, and the severity of obesity appeared to interfere with physical functioning rather than psychological status and social adjustment. The ORWELL 97 questionnaire appears to be a simple and reliable measure of obesity-related quality of life, which can be used in current clinical practice.