超乳治疗慢性闭角型青光眼临床观察

目的观察透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入治疗慢性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效。方法原发性慢性闭角型青光眼20例(22眼),视力<0.1,晶状体不同程度浑浊,行晶状体超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术。结果术前用药后眼压(28.63±13.27)mmHg,术后为(15.42±3.86)mmHg(t=4.243,P<0.05);术后房角不同程度开放。结论透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术可有效地治疗因晶状体阻滞合并白内障的慢性闭角型青光眼。     

超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗闭角型青光眼的初步临床观察

目的初步观察透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障吸除联合后房型折叠式人工晶状体植人术治疗合并白内障的闭角型青光眼的疗效.方法回顾分析1997年5月至2000年1月,收住本院青光眼病区资料完整的42例(47只跟)闭角型青光眼,其中26只眼为原发性急性闭角型青光眼,12只眼为原发性慢性闭角型青光眼,5只眼为继发性急性闭角型青光眼,4只眼为继发性慢性闭角型青光眼,患者均有不同程度的晶状体混浊.患者入院后均行透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障吸除联合后房型折叠式人工晶状体植入术.随访时间6个月至3年,平均(18.40±9.51)个月.结果术后随访眼压为(11.99±4.48)mmHg(1mmHg＝0.133kPa),比术前用药后眼压(25.47±18.43)mmHg明显降低,差异有显著性(t=4.918,P<0.001).中央前房深度由术前的(1.69±0.46)mm,增加到术后的(2.28±0.36)mm,两者比较差异有显著性(t＝7.738,P<     

超声乳化术治疗闭角型青光眼的临床观察

目的观察超声乳化手术治疗闭角型青光眼的临床效果。方法回顾分析闭角型青光眼患者33例（38眼），抗青光眼术后患者8例（11眼），均在表麻下行经透明角膜隧道切口的白内障超声乳化联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术。结果眼压均得到控制，所有患者的眼压在21mmHg（1kPa=7．5mmHg）以下，31眼视力〉0．5，术后视力、眼压、中央前房深度、房角与术前相比，均有显著性差异。结论对于闭角型青光眼的治疗，白内障超声乳化联合折叠式人工晶状体手术是一种便捷、安全、有效的方法，具有降压和增视的双重效果。     

透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化治疗原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的评价透明角膜切口白内障晶状体超声乳化吸出后房人工晶状体植入术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效。方法回顾性分析闭角型青光眼伴白内障14例(27眼)。单纯行透明角膜切口白内障晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房型人工晶状体植入术,术后随访8~20个月。结果所有患者术中术后无严重并发症,术后视力较术前明显提高,术后平均眼压(12.64±3.37)mmHg与术前用药后平均眼压(16.72±4.26)mmHg相比差异有统计学意义(配对t检验,P<0.01),周边前房较术前明显加深,前房角均重新开放或部分开放增宽。结论单纯透明角膜切口白内障晶状体超声乳化吸出后房型折叠人工晶状体植入术,可有效治疗合并白内障的闭角型青光眼。     

晶状体超声乳化联合前房角分离术的临床观察

目的观察晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合前房角分离术的临床效果。方法回顾分析2002年1月～2004年1月原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障47例61眼,(其中前房角关闭≤180°者37眼,>180°者24眼),全部患者均有不同程度的晶状体浑浊。行透明角膜隧道切口晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合前房角分离术。结果47例(61眼)术后末次随访平均眼压(14.79±4.16)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),较术前用药后平均眼压(24.08±3.23)mmHg明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=13.86,P<0.001)。术后矫正视力均有不同程度的提高。中央前方深度由术前的(2.02±0.31)mm增加到术后的(2.91±0.28)mm,术后前房角均较术前增宽,术前关闭的前房角有不同程度地开放。结论晶状体超声乳化联合前房角分离术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障能良好控制眼压和迅速提高视力。     

白内障超声乳化治疗闭角型青光眼的临床观察

目的评价白内障超声乳化吸出后房人工晶状体植入术治疗合并白内障的闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法回顾分析2003年4月至2004年11月收住院的闭角型青光眼25例(26眼),其中14眼为原发性急性闭角型青光眼,7眼为原发性慢性闭角型青光眼,5眼为继发性急性闭角型青光眼。均有不同程度的晶状体浑浊,行透明角膜切口超声乳化吸出后房硬性人工晶状体植入术。随访6月～1年(平均9.40月)。结果术后随访平均眼压(10.28±2.48)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),比术前用药后眼压(18.36±3.23)mmHg明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中央前房深度由术前的(1.56±0.45)mm,增加到术后的(2.23±0.34)mm,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后22眼(84.60%)最佳矫正视力有不同程度提高。结论透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障吸出联合后房型硬性人工晶状体植入术,可有效治疗合并白内障的闭角型青光眼。     

晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗急性闭角型青光眼

目的:探讨治疗伴有晶状体膨胀或不同程度白内障的急性闭角型青光眼的手术方式。方法:采用晶状体超声乳化+折叠型人工晶状体植入或小切口晶状体囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入手术治疗25例27眼急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者,对其结果进行分析。结果:术前平均眼压:53.6mmHg,术后随访最终平均眼压降至(13±4.8)mmHg。术后随访最终矫正视力范围为4.0～5.0,其中4.7以上者16只眼(占59％)。术后早期2只眼使用降眼压药物,随访后期无使用。术后早期有并发症,角膜水肿9眼(33％),术后第2天丁达氏征(++)或(+++),人工晶状体表面形成纤维膜5只眼,经活动瞳孔、激素治疗5～7d缓解。结论:采用晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗急性闭角型青光眼,是一种有效、便捷、可重复、并发症少的治疗急性闭角型青光眼的手术方式。     

超声乳化吸出与小梁切除双切口联合手术的临床观察

目的探讨晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入与小梁切除双切口联合手术的临床效果。方法原发性开角型及闭角型青光眼合并白内障30例(35眼),行双切口联合手术,即分别做颞侧透明角膜的白内障切口及上方巩膜的小梁切除术的巩膜切口。分析手术前后的视力、眼压控制以及术后滤泡形成情况。结果术后矫正视力≥0.3者28眼(80.00%),比术前视力≥0.3的眼数(2眼)明显增多。术后平均眼压(13.35±2.03)mmHg。术后功能型滤过泡32眼(91.43%)。无严重并发症发生。结论超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入与小梁切除双切口联合手术是一种安全、有效、便捷的治疗青光眼合并白内障的手术方式。     

超声乳化吸除白内障联合房角粘连分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼

目的:探讨超声乳化白内障吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析采用超声乳化白内障吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼80例80眼临床资料。结果:术后最佳矫正视力较术前显著提高;患者术后眼压显著下降(P<0.01);房角粘连关闭象限均有不同程度开放。结论:白内障超声乳化及前房分离治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障具有安全、降眼压确切、增进视力和开放房角的效果。     

白内障超声乳化吸出折叠式人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术的临床研究

目的 探讨小切口超声乳化吸除折叠式人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术(三联手术)的安全性和有效性。方法 应用小切口三联手术对47例(51眼)青光眼合并白内障患者进行手术治疗。结果 术后随访6-48个月。闭角型青光眼组:术前平均眼压4.27±0.78kpa(1kpa=7.5mmHg),术后最终平均眼压为2.02±0.98kpa,术后随访最终矫正视力≥0.5者占83.3％。开角型青光眼组:术前平均眼压4.21±0.82kpa,术后最终平均眼压为1.95±0.78kpa,术后随访最终矫正视力≥0.5者占71.4％。结论超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术,具有安全、快捷、眼压控制理想等优点。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.