TGF—βRⅡ在直肠癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的：研究ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ表达与直肠癌生物学行为和预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ方法检测７８例直肠癌手术标本中ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ的表达情况。结果：直肠癌原发灶ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ表达阳性率为４８．７２％，其中无区域淋巴结转移者阳性率为８２．１４％，有区域性淋巴结转移者阳性率为３０．００％（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ表达水平与直肠癌浸润深度和Ｄｕｋｅｓ分期呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＴＧＦ－β阳性组术后３年、５年生存率分别为７８．０３％，６９．０２％，而阴性者为３３．８０％、１３．７５％，两组患者术后３年、５年生存率差别均有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：直肠癌由于ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ减少而逃逸ＴＧＦ－β的生长抑制作用，加速恶性细胞的增殖、浸润和转移。故检测直肠癌组织中ＴＧＦ－βＲⅡ表达状况，有助于进一步了解直肠癌生物学行为和对患者预后的判断     

AFP,α1—AT与铁蛋白在几种肝病中的表达

作者采用免疫组化方法对７５例４组不同肝组织（正常肝组１５例，慢性肝炎组２４例，肝硬化组２０例，原发性肝细胞癌组１６例）进行ＡＦＰ、α１－ＡＴ与铁蛋白抗体标记，观察其表达。结果：肝癌对ＡＦＰ和α１－ＡＴ均呈强阳性表达（Ｐ＜０．０１），而对铁蛋白的表达无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），肝硬化组铁蛋白表达明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。４例ＡＦＰ阴性肝癌，α１－ＡＴ全部阳性，而铁蛋白３例阳性。结果表明：ＡＦＰ和α１－ＡＴ均可作为肝癌组织学诊断的重要肿瘤标记物。铁蛋白对肝癌诊断缺乏特异性，但有助于肝硬化的预测。三种抗体联合检测可提高肝癌诊断率。     

肝癌患者血清甲状腺激素检测及临床意义

本文应用放射免疫法，对４４例肝癌患者，进行血清甲状腺素浓度测定。结果表明，肝癌患者病程越晚，Ｔ_３下降和ｒＴ_３上升越明显，Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期比较，Ｔ_３、ｒＴ_３值差别非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。并就其甲状腺激素浓度变化的特点及临床意义进行了讨论。     

可手术的乳腺癌术前化疗的远期效果

目的探讨术前化疗对可手术的乳腺癌的远期疗效。方法可手术的乳腺癌患者５３７例,分为两组：术前化疗组（Ａ组）２５３例;术后辅助化疗组（Ｂ组）２８４例。Ａ组术前联合化疗,每周一次共４次,休２周行根治性手术。两组患者术后两周内开始化疗、化疗方案和完成化疗周期相同。结果（１）Ⅲ期患者,Ａ组５年总生存率（ＯＳ）５９％,无病存活率（ＤＦＳ）５４．９％,均明显高于Ｂ组２８．３％和２０．８％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。（２）Ⅱ期患者,Ａ组８年ＯＳ８１．４％,ＤＦＳ７６．３％,均高于Ｂ组６７．４％和６２．９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ⅲ期患者,Ａ组８年ＯＳ４６．９％,ＤＦＳ４０．６％,也高于Ｂ组２０．７％和１３．３％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。（３）Ａ组Ｔ３、Ｔ４和转移淋巴结数≥４个的患者,５年、８年生存率均高于Ｂ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论可手术的Ⅲ期乳腺癌,术前化疗可提高患者５年、８年生存率,明显改善Ⅱ期患者的远期疗效。     

原发性肝癌患者手术前后外周血T细胞亚群变化分析

目的探讨原发性肝癌患者手术前后外周血Ｔ细胞亚群变化。方法利用抗人Ｔ细胞单克隆抗体ＯＫＴ系统进行检测。结果原发性肝癌术前组、术后组Ｔ３值明显低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；术前、术后组Ｔ４值和Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值显著低于术后组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；术前组Ｔ４值和Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值显著低于术后组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；术前组Ｔ３值与术后组无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论肝癌患者手术前后外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的变化能反应患者术前术后的机体细胞免疫状态     

血清AFP、CEA放射免疫分析对肝癌的临床诊断价值

作者选择７８例肝癌患者，其中原发性肝癌６４例，转移性肝癌１４例，行血清ＡＦＰ、ＣＥＡ放射免疫分析测定，结果揭示：血清ＡＦＰ对诊断原发性肝癌优于转移性肝癌（Ｐ＜０．０１）；血清ＣＥＡ对诊断转移性肝癌优于原发性肝癌（Ｐ＜０．０１），有助于原发性肝癌与转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断。ＡＦＰ、ＣＥＡ联合检测能降低肝恶性肿瘤的漏诊率。     

血清胃泌素与肺癌关系的初步研究

作者测定了６４例原发性肺癌、３２例肺良性疾病患者和３２名健康人血清胃泌素浓度，并比较了１５例肺癌患者治疗前后血清胃泌素浓度变化。结果表明，肺癌组血清胃泌素浓度显著高于肺良性疾病组和健康对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；小细胞癌（ＳＣＬＣ）高于鳞癌和腺癌（Ｐ＜０．０１）；Ⅲ、Ⅳ期高于Ⅱ期（Ｐ＜０．０１），Ⅱ期高于０期、Ⅰ期（Ｐ＜０．０５），血清胃泌素对肺癌诊断的敏感性、特异性、诊断符合率均为７３．４％。治疗后血清胃泌素显著低于治疗前（Ｐ＜０．０ｌ）。作者认为血清胃泌素测定有助于肺癌的诊断、分型、分期及疗效观察。     

甲胎蛋白阴性肝癌的临床病理分析

本文分析了３３例ＡＦＰ阴性肝癌的临床病理表现及预后，并和１０３例ＡＦＰ阳性肝癌相对照。结果表明：ＡＦＰ阴性肝癌患者血清ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性较低（６６．７％对８４．５％，Ｐ＜０．０５），临床腹痛症状少（３０．３％对５０．５％，Ｐ＜０．０５），Ⅱ期病人较多（９３．９％对７３．８％，Ｐ＜０．０５），大于５ｃｍ肿块少（５１．５％对７２．８％，Ｐ＜０．０５），术后１年、３年存活率高（５７．６％对３１．１％，Ｐ＜０．０１）、（２４．２％对８．７％，Ｐ＜０．０５），而患者性别、发病年龄、体征、肿瘤部位、数目、生长方式及细胞分化等，则和对照组相似。结合文献，对ＡＦＰ阴性肝癌的诊断也作了讨论。     

原发性肝癌诊治方法变迁对术后疗效的影响（附418例分析）

将我院４１８例手术吻合切除肝癌病例分为近１０年组（１７５例）和前２５年组（２４３例），并进行了对照分析。近１０年组的主要特点是：（１）体检发现的亚临床肝癌较前２５年组多（分别为２６．３％，５．３％，Ｐ＜０．０１）；（２）临床Ⅰ期病例较前２５年组多（２６．３％，１．６％，Ｐ＜０．０１）；（３）手术切除病例较前２５年组高（５６．１％，４０．４％，Ｐ＜０．０１）；（４）手术死亡率较前２５年组低（１．７％，８．６％，Ｐ＜０．０１）；（５）局部切除较前２５年组多（３６．０％，０．２％，Ｐ＜０．０１）；（６）复发癌再治疗是近１０年组独有的；（７）术后１，３，５年生存率较前２５年组高（８０．６％，４７．３％，３４．９％，５７．２％，３０．６％，２５．２％，Ｐ＜０．０１）。本文资料说明原发性肝癌诊治方法的变迁表现了肝癌早期治疗水平的提高，反映了肝癌基础和临床研究的进步。     

血清AFP,CEA,SF检测对肝癌的诊断意义

作者检测４９例转移性肝癌、１０７例原发性肝癌和４６例健康人血清的ＡＦＰ、ＣＥＡ、ＳＦ。结果：转移性肝癌和原发性肝癌的ＡＦＰ阳性率为２．０％和４８．６％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、ＣＥＡ阳性率为８３．７％和２６．２％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、ＳＦ阳性率为７１．４％和７３．８％（Ｐ＞０．０５），原发癌为腺癌和非腺癌的转移性肝癌，其ＣＥＡ阳性率分别为９６．９％和５８．８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示ＡＦＰ和ＣＥＡ对转移性肝癌有诊断意义，尤其对原发癌为腺癌的转移性肝癌，ＡＦＰ和ＳＦ有助于原发性肝癌的诊断。     

Place de la chirurgie dans les cancers de la prostate de stades cT3-4 N0M0

The surgical treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer has often been discouraged and in many cases a combined treatment with radiotherapy and hormone-therapy is proposed. Nevertheless, radical prostatectomy is efficient in mono-therapy in the majority of patients with a PSA lower than 20 microg/l, a unilateral stage T3a and a Gleason score lower than 8. Patients with a more advanced local stage or with a less well differentiated tumour should not be excluded from a surgical treatment as an initial option. The majority of them will benefit from a multimodal treatment. This can consist of adjuvant radiotherapy in case of obvious margin positive disease, a salvage radiotherapy in case of PSA relapse during follow-up, or a hormonal treatment in case of PSA persistence after surgery or in cases of advanced lymph node invasion. The urologist must utilise the results of the definitive pathology and of the post-operative PSA levels in order to find the indications where and when additional treatment can be applied. The results obtained after 10-15 years with a radical prostatectomy, eventually combined with radiation or hormonal treatment are excellent concerning the cancer specific survival at long term. Therefore radiotherapy and hormones is not the treatment of choice for all clinical T3 prostate cancers.     

Le cancer du sein de la femme jeune dans le sud tunisien

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this retrospective study was to discuss the epidemioclinical criteria, the therapeutic results and the prognostic factors of breast cancer in young women throughout a comparative study of 72 young patients aged less than 35 years and a second group of older premenopausal patients aged between 36 and 50 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the epidemioclinical records of all the patients. Non-metastatic and operable patients were treated with surgery (conservative or radical) followed by an adjuvant treatment (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy) indicated according to the prognostic factors. Locally advanced or metastatic tumors were treated with chemotherapy. Overall survival was calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier method. The comparison of survival curves was performed according to log-rank test.The multivariate analysis was performed according to the Cox model. RESULTS: The mean age was of 31.5 years. T2N1, node positive (N+), high grade (SBRII and III) and endocrine non-responsive tumors were the most frequent. There was no difference with the second group of older patients regarding the risk factors and the clinical criteria but mammography was more sensitive in the second group. The 5 years overall survival of young patients was of 57% and pejorative prognostic factors in univariate analysis were: tumor size, N+ and endocrine non-responsiveness. There were not any significant prognostic factors at the multivariate analysis. Young age less than 35 years was not a prognostic factor influencing overall survival in the totality of patients or in the different sub-groups according to the other prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Clinical presentation and outcome of breast cancer in our young patients aged under 35 years seems not to be different from that in older patients. The conclusions of the different authors are controversial but the majority has reported more advanced tumors with worse prognostic than those of older patients.     

T1micN0M0、T1aN0M0和T1bN0M0乳腺癌376例临床特征和预后分析

目的:分析T1micN0M0、T1aN0M0和T1bN0M0乳腺癌患者的临床病理学特征,了解其生存状态,探讨与预后相关的独立影响因素。方法:收集2002年1月—2005年12月4487例可手术的乳腺癌患者的临床病理学资料,回顾性分析其中376例T1micN0M0、T1aN0M0和T1bN0M0患者的临床病理学特征、复发和转移以及生存情况。结果:376例患者中,66例(17.6%)为T1mic(pT≤0.1cm),122例(32.4%)为T1a(0.1cm相似文献   

Lymphome non hodgkinien primitif du foie : à propos d''un cas et revue de la littérature

Purpose was to describe the clinical, radiological and therapeutic features in primary liver lymphoma. We report the case of a 54-year-old patient, who is followed since the age of 20 years for neutropenia associated with mediastinal adenopathy. Systematical ultrasound find a mass of the left liver confirmed by Computed tomography (CT). Histological examination of laparoscopic liver biopsy specimens confirmed diffuse large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The disease was confined to the liver without any evidence of extrahepatic involvement. The serology of Epstein Barr virus was highly positive. PET-scan show increased FDG uptake at the site of hepatic lesion and the mediastin. The patient received chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy of the left liver at the dose of 31 Gy. The patient was alive and free of disease 20 months after the diagnosis of primary liver lymphoma. The primary hepatic lymphoma is a rare malignancy, which classically affects 50-year-old patients with a male preponderance. The incidence is increased in immunosuppressed patients and some authors have suggested an association with hepatitis B or C infection, and with the Epstein Barr virus. The imaging studies including ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and now PET-scan help to establish the diagnosis and to the following. Treatment options are surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination.     

Adjuvant BCG immunotherapy for breast cancer (T1N0M0, T2N0M0)

The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of BCG immunotherapy for breast cancer (T1n0M0, T2n0M0) in nonrandomized series. During a 5-year follow-up study, patients in the BCG-treated group suffered neither recurrence nor death, while the historical control group had 6 cases of recurrence and 5 cases of disease death. As seen in our series, we concluded that breast cancer patients should be advised to accept adjuvant BCG immunotherapy after mastectomy.     

Résultats à long terme d''une série de 89 patients suivis pour un sarcome des tissus mous traités par chirurgie conservatrice et trois modalités d''irradiation postopératoire

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of patients treated for soft tissue sarcoma using three different post-operative radiotherapy schedules. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1990 and 2003, 89 patients (median age 50.8 years) presenting with soft tissue sarcoma (located to the limbs for 66 of them) underwent post-conservative-surgery radiotherapy. Pathology was liposarcoma in 35 cases and 54 others tumors. Tumors grades (FNCLCC classification) were 1, 2, 3 or unknown in 29, 32, 19 and 9 cases, respectively. Surgery was considered as complete in 68 patients. Irradiation was normofractionated (NF) in 62 cases, hyperfractionated (BF) in 19 cases and hypofractionated (HF) in 8 cases. For all the patients, median delivered dose was 61 Gy [34-76 Gy]. RESULTS: Median follow-up of alive patients was 73,8 months [3-184]. Five-year local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) rates were 85.5 and 71.2% respectively. According to multifactorial analysis, favourable prognostic factors were for local control, complete surgery (P=0.0075) and for overall survival, complete surgery (P=0.0267), grade 1 tumor (P=0.012) and absence of distant recurrence (P=0.0488). There was no statistical evidence of difference for the five-year LC and OS rates between the patients who received NF, BF or HF. There were few complications and there were comparable in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective serie showed similar results for all the schedules. There is no evidence to recommend bifractionation. Hypofractionation should be used only in selected patients with poor performans status.     

Un carcinome pulmonaire métastasé à la gencive via une aiguille de couture : À propos d''un cas

Gingival metastases are very rare. We report the case of a 47 year-old man presenting with a gingival metastasis from a non small cell lung carcinoma. According to the literature, the most probable way of spread of such metastasis is haematogenous. Local implantation of cancer cells, present in patient's expectorations, in a fragile gingiva may be an other pathway of lung cancer metastasizing in this region as we will try to describe in this case report. Cytological and/or histological investigation is needed to assess the malignant and the metastatic character of these gingival lesions. A rapid regression is observed after a flash of external beam radiation; nevertheless metastasis prognosis depends on the primary tumour progress.     

Compression médullaire révélatrice d''un lymphome folliculaire : à propos d''un cas

Epidural localization is a rare presenting sign of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. These tumours are classified in the majority of cases as large B cell lymphomas. Low grade lymphomas are rarely reported. We report a 43-year-old woman admitted for a total functional disability of the two lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a spinal epidural mass extending from D7 to D9. A laminectomy was performed. The histopathological study revealed a follicular lymphoma. The patient underwent a spinal irradiation and chemotherapy. Follow up evaluation at 16 months demonstrated no evidence of relapse. Our purpose is to describe the clinical features, the pathologic findings, the treatment and the prognosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma revealed by an epidural involvement.     

T2N0M0乳腺癌治疗方法的选择

探讨Ｔ２Ｎ０Ｍ０乳腺癌治疗方法的选择。方法回顾分析７０２例Ｔ２Ｎ０Ｍ０乳腺癌的淋巴结转移情况、手术方式和辅助治疗的效果。结果Ｔ２Ｎ０Ｍ０乳腺癌临床检查淋巴结假阴性率为３５．２％。各种手术方式在淋巴结阴性时生存率相似。辅助放疗可降低局部复发，辅助化疗在淋巴结转移超过４只者可提高生存率。结论Ｔ２Ｎ０Ｍ０乳腺癌病灶≤３ｃｍ可作改良根治术，病灶＞３ｃｍ且位于中央或内侧应同时清除内乳淋巴结。术后应根据不同情况选择不同的辅助治疗。     

L''expérience française de l''utilisation d''un projecteur de source pour la curiethérapie prostatique exclusive par implants permanents d''iode radioactif : faisabilité et données de toxicité aiguë

PURPOSE: To analyse a new technique for prostate brachytherapy with permanent Iodine implants characterized by the use of a seed projector after a 3D dosimetric peroperative treatment planning (FIRST technique). PATIENTS AND METHOD: 395 patients have been treated in France with this technique in six radiotherapy centres between November 2002 and December 2005 for a localized prostate cancer. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (3.3%) developped a urinary retention, and respectively 7.8 and 26.5% an acute RTOG grade 3 and 2 toxicity. The 6-weeks IPSS score was equal or lower to 15 in 73% with a 11 median IPSS value. A failure of the loading with the seed-projector, leading to a manual loading of the seeds, occurred in 9 patients (2.3%) in two centres, directly related to the loading procedure with the seed-projector in 5 cases. The median duration of the procedure was reduced by 30 minutes for the patients treated in 2005. CONCLUSIONS: This multicenter study establishes the feasibility of the routine use of a seed projector for permanent iodine 125 prostate implants with an initial tolerance similar to the best results published for other implants techniques.