共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
Background
Disseminated nocardiosis is a rare disease mostly occurring in immunocompromised patients.Methods
We report a case of disseminated nocardiosis in a diabetic patient with both pulmonary and cutaneous involvement. Nocardia elegans was isolated and identified using the 16s ribosomal RNA gene sequence data.Results
Clinical improvement was observed within 3 months after initiation of antimicrobial treatment with oral doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and intravenous penicillin, but the patient died 5 months later after arbitrary discontinuation of the treatment.Conclusions
This is the first case report of disseminated nocardiosis caused by Nocardia elegans in China.3.
Kelly C. Gast Paul V. Viscuse Somaira Nowsheen Tufia C. Haddad Robert W. Mutter Andrea E. Wahner Hendrickson Fergus J. Couch Kathryn J. Ruddy 《Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine》2018,20(2):18
Purpose of review
BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers can be at increased cardiovascular risk. The goal of this review is to provide information about factors associated with increased cardiovascular risk, methods to prevent cardiovascular toxicities, and recommended screening guidelines.Recent findings
BRCA1/2 mutation carriers who are diagnosed with cancer are often exposed to chemotherapy, chest radiotherapy, and/or HER2 directed therapies, all of which can be cardiotoxic. In addition, BRCA1/2 carriers often undergo prophylactic salpingoopherectomies, which may also increase cardiovascular risks.Summary
Understanding the potential for increased cardiovascular risk in individuals with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, as well as gold standard practices for prevention, detection, and treatment of cardiac concerns in this population, is important.4.
5.
Shu-Ying Tseng Kwong-Chung Tung Jan-Fang Cheng Yi-Hsuan Lee Zong-Yen Wu Yu-Kai Hong Shi-Yu Chen Yao-Ting Huang Po-Yu Liu 《Gut pathogens》2018,10(1):38
Background
Shewanella algae has been recognized as an emerging human pathogen. However, not much is known about the mechanism of its pathogenesis and its adaptation to a special niche such as the hepatobiliary tract.Results
In this study, we isolated the S. algae ACCC strain from human bile and performed whole genome sequencing. S. algae ACCC consists of a circular 4,743,354-bp chromosome with a GC content of 53.08%, within 4080 protein coding sequences. The genome of strain ACCC contains a number of candidate genes which have been reported to be associated with bile adaption, including htpB, exbBD, wecA, galU, adeFGH and phoPQ regulon.Conclusions
Our results highlight the association of S. algae with a rare disease profile. Further studies are needed to shed light on the evolution of pathogenesis and the niche adaptation of S. algae.6.
Ericka B. Trarbach Alexander A. Jorge Felipe H. Duarte Marcello D. Bronstein Raquel S. Jallad 《Pituitary》2017,20(3):319-324
Purpose
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) is a STAT5b-regulated gene and one of its functions is to influence growth and development through negative regulatory effects on GH/IGF-1 pathway. So, we evaluate the potential influence of SOCS2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on clinical and laboratorial characteristics of a large cohort of Brazilian patients with acromegaly.Methods
Four SOCS2 SNPs (rs3782415, rs3816997, rs3825199 and rs11107116) were selected and genotyped by real-time PCR using specific Taqman probe assays. A total of 186 patients (116 women, age range 26–88 years) were evaluated.Results
No association of SOCS2 genotypes was observed with none of the following clinical and laboratorial characteristics: age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, basal GH, oral glucose tolerance test GH nadir, IGF-I, ULNR-IGF-I.Conclusion
Despite of the key role of SOCS2 in the regulation of GH receptor signaling, we did not find any significant association between SOCS2 polymorphisms and acromegaly.7.
Background
Trichophyton equinum is a zoophilic dermatophyte usually causing ringworm in horses. Cases of skin infections in humans are very rare.Case report
?We describe a case of tinea corporis caused by T. equinum on a buttock of a rider who often rode bareback with short trousers.Conclusion
Although T. equinum was considered in the past as a strict zoophilic dermatophyte, our case report confirms that it can cause dermatophytoses also in humans. A review of epidemiological and clinical features of human infections caused by T. equinum is presented.8.
Mahboubeh Daneshpajooh Karl Bacos Madhusudhan Bysani Annika Bagge Emilia Ottosson Laakso Petter Vikman Lena Eliasson Hindrik Mulder Charlotte Ling 《Diabetologia》2017,60(1):116-125
Aims/hypothesis
Pancreatic beta cell dysfunction is a prerequisite for the development of type 2 diabetes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) may affect pancreatic endocrine function and glucose homeostasis through alterations in gene regulation. Our aim was to investigate the role of HDAC7 in human and rat pancreatic islets and clonal INS-1 beta cells (INS-1?832/13).Methods
To explore the role of HDAC7 in pancreatic islets and clonal beta cells, we used RNA sequencing, mitochondrial functional analyses, microarray techniques, and HDAC inhibitors MC1568 and trichostatin A.Results
Using RNA sequencing, we found increased HDAC7 expression in human pancreatic islets from type 2 diabetic compared with non-diabetic donors. HDAC7 expression correlated negatively with insulin secretion in human islets. To mimic the situation in type 2 diabetic islets, we overexpressed Hdac7 in rat islets and clonal beta cells. In both, Hdac7 overexpression resulted in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Furthermore, it reduced insulin content, mitochondrial respiration and cellular ATP levels in clonal beta cells. Overexpression of Hdac7 also led to changes in the genome-wide gene expression pattern, including increased expression of Tcf7l2 and decreased expression of gene sets regulating DNA replication and repair as well as nucleotide metabolism. In accordance, Hdac7 overexpression reduced the number of beta cells owing to enhanced apoptosis. Finally, we found that inhibiting HDAC7 activity with pharmacological inhibitors or small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown restored glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in beta cells that were overexpressing Hdac7.Conclusions/interpretation
Taken together, these results indicate that increased HDAC7 levels caused beta cell dysfunction and may thereby contribute to defects seen in type 2 diabetic islets. Our study supports HDAC7 inhibitors as a therapeutic option for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.9.
Zhou Feng Wenmin Long Binhan Hao Ding Ding Xiaoqing Ma Liping Zhao Xiaoyan Pang 《Gut pathogens》2017,9(1):59
Background
Bilophila wadsworthia is a major member of sulfidogenic bacteria in human gut, it was originally recovered from different clinical specimens of intra-abdominal infections and recently was reported potentially linked to different chronic metabolic disorders. However, there is still insufficient understanding on its detailed function and mechanism to date.Methods
A B. wadsworthia strain was isolated from fresh feces of a latent autoimmune diabetes in adults patient and we investigated its pathogenicity by oral administration to specific-pathogen-free mice. Tissue samples and serum were collected after sacrifice. Stool samples were collected at different time points to profile the gut microbiota.Results
Bilophila wadsworthia infection resulted in the reduction of body weight and fat mass, apparent hepatosplenomegaly and elevated serum inflammatory factors, including serum amyloid A and interleukin-6, while without significant change of the overall gut microbiota structure.Conclusions
These results demonstrated that higher amount of B. wadsworthia caused systemic inflammatory response in SPF mice, which adds new evidence to the pathogenicity of this bacterium and implied its potential role to the chronic inflammation related metabolic diseases like diabetes.10.
11.
Background
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been etiologically linked with primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) and gastric carcinoma (GC). There are a few reports of occurrence of both diseases in the same patient with H. pylori infection.Case presentation
We report a patient with PGL in whom the tumor regressed after surgical resection combined with eradication of H. pylori infection. However, he developed GC on follow up; this was temporally associated with recrudescence / re-infection of H. pylori. This is perhaps first report of such occurrence.Conclusions
Possible cause and effect relationship between H. pylori infection and both PGL and GC is discussed. This case also documents a unique problem in management of PGL in tropical countries where re-infection with H. pylori is supposed to be high.12.
Jakob Nedomansky Doris Weiss Birgit Willinger Stefanie Nickl Christoph Steininger 《Infection》2016,44(2):247-249
Introduction
Acne inversa (AI) is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory skin disease. It occurs in intertriginous areas of the skin and causes pain, drainage, malodor and scar formation. While supposedly caused by an autoimmune reaction, bacterial superinfection is a secondary event in the disease process.Methods
A unique case of a 43-year-old male patient suffering from a recurring AI lesion in the left axilla was retrospectively analysed.Results
A swab revealed Actinomyces neuii as the only agent growing in the lesion. The patient was then treated with Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid 3 × 1 g until he was cleared for surgical excision. The intraoperative swab was negative for A. neuii. Antibiotics were prescribed for another 4 weeks and the patient has remained relapse free for more than 12 months now.Conclusion
Primary cutaneous Actinomycosis is a rare entity and the combination of AI and Actinomycosis has never been reported before. Failure to detect superinfections of AI lesions with slow-growing pathogens like Actinomyces spp. might contribute to high recurrence rates after immunosuppressive therapy of AI. The present case underlines the potentially multifactorial pathogenesis of the disease and the importance of considering and treating potential infections before initiating immunosuppressive regimens for AI patients.13.
Mathieu Blot Claire de Curraize Arnaud Salmon-Rousseau Sophie Gehin Julien Bador Pascal Chavanet Catherine Neuwirth Lionel Piroth Lucie Amoureux 《Infection》2017,45(5):697-702
Background
Streptococcus pyogenes can colonize genitourinary tract, but it is a rare cause of salpingitis.Case report
We report a case of bilateral salpingitis due to Streptococcus pyogenes in a 34-year-old woman using an intra-uterine device and which occurred following a family history of recurrent S. pyogenes infections. We review 12 other cases reported in the literature, and discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of this potentially life-threatening disease.Conclusion
It is important to take into account consider Streptococcus pyogenes as a cause of acute salpingitis in the context of recent intra-familial Streptococcus pyogenes infections.14.
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing Capnocytophaga isolates in young children hospitalized in the Pediatric Oncology Department of Hôpital Sud (Rennes, France) over a ten-year period (1993–2002).Methods
In neutropenic children, a periodic survey of the oral cavity allows a predictive evaluation of the risk of systemic infections by Capnocytophaga spp. In 449 children with cancer, 3,053 samples were collected by oral swabbing and plated on TBBP agar. The susceptibility of Capnocytophaga isolates to five beta-lactams was determined.Results
A total of 440 strains of Capnocytophaga spp. were isolated, 309 (70%) of which were beta-lactamase producers. The beta-lactamase-producing strains were all resistant to cefazolin, 86% to amoxicillin, and 63% to ceftazidime. The proportion of strains resistant to third-generation cephalosporins remained high throughout the ten-year study, while susceptibility to imipenem and amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid was always conserved.Conclusion
These results highlight the risk of antibiotic failure in Capnocytophaga infections and the importance of monitoring immunosuppressed patients and testing for antibiotic susceptibility and beta-lactamase production.15.
16.
Nakashima Y Isomoto H Matsushima K Yoshida A Nakayama T Nakayama M Hisatsune J Ichikawa T Takeshima F Hayashi T Nakao K Hirayama T Kohno S 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2011,56(10):2887-2894
Background and Aims
Chemokine CXC ligand 13 (CXCL13) and CXC receptor type 5 (CXCR5) are constitutively expressed in tertiary lymphoid follicles where the CXCL13/CXCR5 system regulates B lymphocytes homing. In this study, we sought to examine CXCL13 expression in the H. pylori-infected and -uninfected gastric mucosa and to elucidate the implication in the pathogenesis of HAG in humans.Methods
Using endoscopic biopsies taken from the gastric antrum of 29 subjects infected with Helicobacter pylori and 22 uninfected subjects, mucosal CXCL13 mRNA and protein levels were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.Results
The CXCL13 expression levels were significantly more elevated in H. pylori-positive patients than uninfected ones. The CXCL13 expression levels correlated with the degree of chronic gastritis and bacterial colonization. Immunohistochemistry and in vitro infection assay showed that CXCL13 was not produced by the gastric epithelium, but the α-smooth muscle antigen expressing mesenchymal cells were the possible source of CXCL13 within H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa. CXCR5 immunostaining was seen in the CD20-positive lymphoid aggregates.Conclusions
The enhanced induction of CXCL13 may be involved in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-associated gastritis.17.
Ana L. Teixeira António Araújo Ana Coelho Ricardo Ribeiro Mónica Gomes Carina Pereira Rui Medeiros 《Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology》2011,137(3):435-439
Purpose
Lung cancer is the third most common type of cancer in Europe and is the first cause of death by cancer worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for 75–85% of all histological types of LC. The transforming growth factor beta 1 is a multifunctional regulatory polypeptide that controls many aspects of cellular function (cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, immune surveillance). TGFB1+869T>C is a functional polymorphism described in TGFB1 gene and this transition has been associated with higher circulating levels of TGFß1 that may modulate cellular microenvironment and consequently LC development and prognosis.Methods
We studied TGFB + 869T > C functional polymorphism by allelic discrimination using 7300 real-time polymerase chain reaction system in 305 patients with NSCLC and 380 healthy individuals.Results
We found an increased risk for C carriers to develop NSCLC, both epidermoid NSCLC and non-epidermoid NSCLC (odds ratio (OR) = 2.03, P < 0.0001, OR = 2.37, P < 0.001 and OR = 1.83, P = 0.001, respectively). TGFB1+869T>C functional polymorphism may influence NSCLC susceptibility with impact in cellular microenvironment.Conclusions
Our results suggest that individual differences influence the susceptibility to LC and tumoral behavior. This genetic profiling may help define higher risk groups for an individualized chemoprevention strategy and therapy.18.
19.
Ming-Sheng Teng Semon Wu Leay-Kiaw Er Lung-An Hsu Hsin-Hua Chou Yu-Lin Ko 《Diabetology & metabolic syndrome》2018,10(1):79
Background
Visceral adiposity indicators and the product of triglyceride and fasting plasma glucose (TyG) index-related parameters are effective surrogate markers for insulin resistance (IR) and are predictors of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. However, their genetic determinants have not been previously reported. Pleiotropic associations of LIPC variants have been observed in lipid profiles and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to investigate LIPC polymorphisms as the genetic determinants of adiposity status, visceral adiposity indicators and TyG index-related parameters.Methods
A total of 592 participants from Taiwan were genotyped for three LIPC single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).Results
The LIPC SNPs rs2043085 and rs1532085 were significantly associated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), lipid accumulation product, visceral adiposity index, and TyG index-related parameters [including the TyG index, TyG with adiposity status (TyG-BMI), and TyG-WC index], whereas the rs1800588 SNP was only significantly associated with the TyG index. The associations became nonsignificant after further adjustment for serum TG levels. No significant association was observed between any the studied LIPC SNPs and IR status.Conclusion
Our data revealed a pleiotropic association between the LIPC variants and visceral adiposity indicators and TyG index-related parameters, which are mediated by serum TG levels.20.
Chiara Fania Raffaele Pezzilli Gianvico Melzi d’Eril Cecilia Gelfi Alessandra Barassi 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2018,63(4):920-933